WordNet

the 12th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)l
an amino acid that occurs in proteins; is essential for growth and normal metabolism; a precursor of niacin (同)tryptophane

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Decreased tryptophan and increased kynurenine levels in mastocytosis associated with digestive symptoms.

Georgin-Lavialle S1,2, Launay JM3, Côté F4, Soucié E5, Soria A2, Damaj G2,6, Moura DS2, Canioni D2,7, Hanssens K5, Chandesris MO2,8, Barète S2, Dubreuil P2,5, Lortholary O2,9, Hermine O2,8, Sokol H10,11,12.
Allergy.Allergy.2016 Mar;71(3):416-20. doi: 10.1111/all.12802. Epub 2015 Dec 24.
The main metabolism pathway of tryptophan is protein formation, but it can also be metabolized into serotonin and kynurenine. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is the enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of tryptophan into kynurenine. Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous disease characterized by mast ce
PMID 26841279

Allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 activates IDO1-dependent, immunoregulatory signaling in dendritic cells.

Volpi C1, Mondanelli G1, Pallotta MT1, Vacca C1, Iacono A1, Gargaro M1, Albini E1, Bianchi R1, Belladonna ML1, Celanire S2, Mordant C2, Heroux M2, Royer-Urios I2, Schneider M2, Vitte PA2, Cacquevel M2, Galibert L2, Poli SM2, Solari A3, Bicciato S4, Calvitti M1, Antognelli C1, Puccetti P1, Orabona C1, Fallarino F1, Grohmann U5.
Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2016 Mar;102:59-71. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.036. Epub 2015 Oct 30.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) possesses immune modulatory properties in vivo, such that a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the receptor confers protection on mice with relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE). ADX88178 is a newly-developed, one such
PMID 26522434

Increased Tregs associated with elevated Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase activity and an imbalanced Kynurenine pathway in IFNpositive primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Maria NI1, van Helden-Meeuwsen CG1, Brkic Z1,2, Paulissen SM1,3, Steenwijk EC1, Dalm VA1,2, van Daele PL1,2, van Hagen PM1,2, Kroese FG4, van Roon JA5, Harkin A6, Dik WA1,7, Drexhage HA1, Lubberts E1,3, Versnel MA1.
Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.).Arthritis Rheumatol.2016 Feb 11. doi: 10.1002/art.39629. [Epub ahead of print]
Introduction Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the rate-limiting enzyme converting tryptophan (TRP) to kynurenine (KYN), is driven in part by type I/II IFNs. Naïve T cells are polarized into FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) upon exposure to either IDO+ cells or KYN. Recent studies suggest the KYN
PMID 26866723

Tryptophan-Restriction Diets Help to Maintain L-Tryptophan Homeostasis in Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Knockout Mice

Maeta Akihiro,Fukuwatari Tsutomu,Funakoshi Hiroshi,Nakamura Toshikazu,Shibata Katsumi
International Journal of Tryptophan
… Mice lacking L-tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are available. … The body concentration of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) has been reported to be higher in TDO-deficient mice than in wild-type (WT) mice. … We examined the requirement of an appropriate L-Trp level for TDO-deficient mice using several biomarkers. …
NAID 120005293327

Enzymes That Control the Conversion of L-Tryptophan-nicotinamide and the Urinary Excretion Ratio (N¹-Methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide + N¹-Methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide)/N¹-Methylnicotinamide in Mice

SHIBATA Katsumi,MORITA Nobuya,SHIBATA Yoshika [他],FUKUWATARI Tsutomu
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 77(10), 2105-2111, 2013
… There is little information on L-tryptophan→nicotinamide metabolism in mice. … In the present study, we investigated the two important nutritional factors involved in metabolism L-tryptophan→nicotinamide; … one is the amount of nicotinamide synthesized from L-tryptophan, and the other is the urine ratio (N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide + N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide)/N1-methylnicotinamide. …
NAID 130003381903

Anti-infectious Activity of Tryptophan Metabolites in the L-Tryptophan-L-Kynurenine Pathway(Microbiology)

Narui Koji,Noguchi Norihisa,Saito Aya [他],KAKIMI Kazuhiro,MOTOMURA Noboru,KUBO Kinya,TAKAMOTO Shinichi,SASATSU Masanori
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 32(1), 41-44, 2009-01-01
… To study the anti-infectious effect of a vascular allograft, the antimicrobial activity of tryptophan metabolites mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase was determined. … The growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) over 10h in extracts from post-transplantation vascular allograft was significantly slower than that of extracts from non-transplantation vascular allograft regardless of the presence of tryptophan (p<0.05). …
NAID 110007021739