Karnofsky performance status

カルノフスキー・パフォーマンス・ステータス

関

Karnofsky scale

WordNet

1. the act of performing; of doing something successfully; using knowledge as distinguished from merely possessing it; "they criticised his performance as mayor"; "experience generally improves performance" (同)execution, carrying out, carrying into action
2. any recognized accomplishment; "they admired his performance under stress"; "when Roger Maris powered four home runs in one game his performance merits awe"
3. the act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment; "we congratulated him on his performance at the rehearsal"; "an inspired performance of Mozarts C minor concerto"
4. a dramatic or musical entertainment; "they listened to ten different performances"; "the play ran for 100 performances"; "the frequent performances of the symphony testify to its popularity" (同)public presentation
5. the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society; "he had the status of a minor"; "the novel attained the status of a classic"; "atheists do not enjoy a favorable position in American life" (同)position

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉(…の)『遂行』,実行,履行《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(劇・音楽などの)『公演』,上演,演奏《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉〈U〉(人の)腕前;(機械の)性能 / 〈C〉(…の)(すぐれた)成果,業績《+『of』+『名』》
2. 〈C〉〈U〉『地位』,身分;資格 / 〈U〉高い地位, / 〈C〉『状態』,事態

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/29 20:38:55」(JST)

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In medicine (oncology and other fields), performance status is an attempt to quantify cancer patients' general well-being and activities of daily life. This measure is used to determine whether they can receive chemotherapy, whether dose adjustment is necessary, and as a measure for the required intensity of palliative care. It is also used in oncological randomized controlled trials as a measure of quality of life.

Scoring systems

There are various scoring systems. The most generally used are the Karnofsky score and the Zubrod score, the latter being used in publications by the WHO. For children, the Lansky score is used. Another common system is the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) system.

Parallel scoring systems include the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score, which has been incorporated as the fifth axis of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of psychiatry.

Karnofsky scoring

The Karnofsky score runs from 100 to 0, where 100 is "perfect" health and 0 is death. Practitioners occasionally assign performance scores in between standard intervals of 10. This scoring system is named after Dr. David A. Karnofsky, who described the scale with Dr. Joseph H. Burchenal in 1949. The primary purpose of its development was to allow physicians to evaluate a patient's ability to survive chemotherapy for cancer.

• 100 - Normal; no complaints; no evidence of disease.
• 90 - Able to carry on normal activity; minor signs or symptoms of disease.
• 80 - Normal activity with effort; some signs or symptoms of disease.
• 70 - Cares for self; unable to carry on normal activity or to do active work.
• 60 - Requires occasional assistance, but is able to care for most of his personal needs.
• 50 - Requires considerable assistance and frequent medical care.
• 40 - Disabled; requires special care and assistance.
• 30 - Severely disabled; hospital admission is indicated although death not imminent.
• 20 - Very sick; hospital admission necessary; active supportive treatment necessary.
• 10 - Moribund; fatal processes progressing rapidly.
• 0 - Dead

ECOG/WHO/Zubrod score

The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score (published by Oken et al. in 1982), also called the WHO or Zubrod score (after C. Gordon Zubrod), runs from 0 to 5, with 0 denoting perfect health and 5 death: Its advantage over the Karnofsky scale lies in its simplicity.

• 0 – Asymptomatic (Fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction)
• 1 – Symptomatic but completely ambulatory (Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature. For example, light housework, office work)
• 2 – Symptomatic, <50% in bed during the day (Ambulatory and capable of all self care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours)
• 3 – Symptomatic, >50% in bed, but not bedbound (Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair 50% or more of waking hours)
• 4 – Bedbound (Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self-care. Totally confined to bed or chair)
• 5 – Death

Lansky score

Children, who might have more trouble expressing their experienced quality of life, require a somewhat more observational scoring system suggested and validated by Lansky et al. in 1987:

• 100 – fully active, normal
• 90 – minor restrictions in strenuous physical activity
• 80 – active, but gets tired more quickly
• 70 – greater restriction of play and less time spent in play activity
• 60 – up and around, but active play minimal; keeps busy by being involved in quieter activities
• 50 – lying around much of the day, but gets dressed; no active playing participates in all quiet play and activities
• 40 – mainly in bed; participates in quiet activities
• 30 – bedbound; needing assistance even for quiet play
• 20 – sleeping often; play entirely limited to very passive activities
• 10 – doesn't play; does not get out of bed
• 0 – unresponsive

Comparison

A translation between the Zubrod and Karnofsky scales that works especially well for healthy patients has been validated in a large sample of lung cancer patients:

• Zubrod 0-1 equals Karnofsky 80-100
• Zubrod 2 equals Karnofsky 60-70
• Zubrod 3-4 equals Karnofsky 10-50

References

External links

• A table with the Karnofsky Performance Status.

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 末期進行癌における生存期間の推定 survival estimates in advanced terminal cancer
• 2. 癌患者における機能的問題 functional problems in the patient with cancer
• 3. 高齢者における癌に対する全身化学療法 systemic chemotherapy for cancer in elderly persons
• 4. 高齢患者およびperformance statusのスコアが低い患者における転移性大腸癌に対する治療 therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer in elderly patients and those with a poor performance status
• 5. 高齢患者およびperformance statusのスコアが低い患者における進行非小細胞肺癌に対する全身療法 systemic therapy for advanced non small cell lung cancer in elderly patients and patients with a poor performance status

English Journal

• Wnt/beta-Catenin pathway in human glioma: expression pattern and clinical/prognostic correlations.

• Liu C, Tu Y, Sun X, Jiang J, Jin X, Bo X, Li Z, Bian A, Wang X, Liu D, Wang Z, Ding L.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.
• Clinical and experimental medicine.2011 Jun;11(2):105-12. Epub 2010 Aug 31.
• Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. Understanding the molecular basis of gliomas' progression is required to develop more effective therapies. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade is an important signal transduction pathway in human cancers. Although, overactivation of this path
• PMID 20809334

• Primary gliosarcoma - clinical experience from a regional cancer centre in north India.

• Biswas A, Kumar N, Kumar P, Vasishta RK, Gupta K, Sharma SC, Patel F, Mathuriya SN.SourceDepartment of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research , Chandigarh , India.
• British journal of neurosurgery.2011 May 18. [Epub ahead of print]
• Aims.?We intended to assess the clinicopathological features and treatment outcome in patients of primary gliosarcoma, a rare malignant brain tumour. Materials and methods. Medical records were reviewed and data collected on primary gliosarcoma over an 8-year period (2002-2009) from the department
• PMID 21591852

Japanese Journal

• テモゾロミド不応性悪性神経膠腫に対するベバシズマブ単独療法の治療効果

• 永根 基雄,小林 啓一,林 基高,佐藤 研隆,土屋 一洋,塩川 芳昭
• 脳神経外科ジャーナル 19(10), 758-766, 2010-10-20
• 【目的】膠芽腫に対する標準治療薬のtemozolomide(TMZ)に不応性再発悪性神経膠腫に対するbevacizumab(Bev)の有用性を検討した.【対象・方法】2009年8月以降Bev単独療法を施行した再発神経膠腫5例.年齢32?77歳,KPS 40?70,Bev治療は院内IRB承認の下自費診療として施行した.【結果】髄腔播種の1例を除き,現在まで無再発2例,3ヵ月以内の再発2例で,最大腫瘍 …
• NAID 110007730745

• Boron neutron capture therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma

• Yamamoto Tetsuya,Nakai Kei,Kageji Teruyoshi,Kumada Hiroaki,Endo Kiyoshi,Matsuda Masahide,Shibata Yasushi,Matsumura Akira,山本 哲哉,中井 啓,柴田 靖,松村 明
• Radiotherapy and oncology 91(1), 80-84, 2009-04
• … Twelve of the 15 patients were followed up for more than one year, and 10 (83.3%) of the 12 patients maintained their Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS; …
• NAID 120001300355

Related Links

• 全身状態の指標

全身状態の指標. （がん化学療法効果判定基準） (ECOG performance Status Scaleと 同じ). Grade, 一般状態（Performance Status）. 0, 無症状で社会活動ができ、 ... 一般全身状態の評価. （Karnofsky Performance Scale）. 100％, 正常、臨床症状なし ...

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「Karnofsky scale」

　　[★]

カルノフスキ尺度、Karnofsky尺度

関

Karnofsky performance status

「カルノフスキー・パフォーマンス・ステータス」

　　[★]

英

Karnofsky performance status

関

カルノフスキ尺度

「performance」

　　[★]

• n.

• 実行、遂行、成績、性能、パフォーマンス

関

ability、capability、carry out、execute、execution、implement、implementation、outcome、perform、practice、result、run

　 　 　 　 　

「status」

　　[★]

• n.

• 状態

関

condition、position、situation、state