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the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)i

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iodineの化学記号

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/24 15:38:24」(JST)

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The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It was first described under the name HOMA by Matthews et al. in 1985.

Derivation

The HOMA authors used data from physiological studies to develop mathematical equations describing glucose regulation as a feedback loop. ^[1] They published computer software that solves the equations, so that insulin resistance and β-cell function can be estimated from fasting glucose and insulin levels. They also published an equation (see below) that gave approximately the same answers as an early version of the computer software. ^[2]

The computer model has since been improved to a HOMA2 model^[3] to better reflect human physiology and recalibrated to modern insulin assays. In this updated version it is possible to determine insulin sensitivity and β-cell function from paired fasting plasma glucose and radioimmunoassay insulin, specific insulin, or C-peptide concentrations. The authors recommend the computer software be used wherever possible. ^[4] ^[5]

Notes

The HOMA model was originally designed as a special case of a more general model called HOMA-CIGMA.^[6]

The approximating equation for insulin resistance, in the early model, used a fasting plasma sample, and was derived by use of the insulin-glucose product, divided by a constant: (assuming normal-weight, normal subjects < 35 years, having 100% β-cell function an insulin resistance of 1)

Glucose in Molar Units mmol/L	Glucose in mass units mg/dL

IR is insulin resistance and %β is the β-cell function. Insulin is given in mU/L. Glucose and insulin are both during fasting.^[2]

This model correlated well with estimates using the euglycemic clamp method (r = 0.88).^[2]

The authors have tested HOMA extensively against other measures of insulin resistance (or its reciprocal, insulin sensitivity) and β-cell function.^[4] ^[7] ^[8]

References

^ Turner RC, Holman RR, Matthews D, Hockaday TD, Peto J (1979). "Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance interaction in diabetes: estimation of their relative contribution by feedback analysis from basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations.". Metabolism 28 (11): 1086–96. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(79)90146-X. PMID 386029. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=386029.
^ ^a ^b ^c Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC (1985). "Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man.". Diabetologia 28 (7): 412–9. doi:10.1007/BF00280883. PMID 3899825.
^ A. S. Rudenski and D. R. Matthews and J. C. Levy and R. C. Turner (September 1991). "Understanding insulin resistance: Both glucose resistance and insulin resistance are required to model human diabetes". Metabolism 40 (9): 908–917. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(91)90065-5. ISSN 0026-0495. PMID 1895955.
^ ^a ^b Wallace TM, Levy JC, Matthews DR (2004). "Use and abuse of HOMA modeling.". Diabetes Care 27 (6): 1487–95. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.6.1487. PMID 15161807. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15161807.
^ Levy JC, Matthews DR, Hermans MP (1998). "Correct homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) evaluation uses the computer program.". Diabetes Care 21 (12): 2191–2. doi:10.2337/diacare.21.12.2191. PMID 9839117.
^ Turner et al. (1993) Measurement of insulin resistance and β-cell function: the HOMA and CIGMA approach. Current topics in diabetes research (eds) F. Belfiore, R. Bergman and G. Molinatti Front Diabetes. Basel, Karger 12: 66-75
^ Hermans MP, Levy JC, Morris RJ, Turner RC (1999). "Comparison of tests of beta-cell function across a range of glucose tolerance from normal to diabetes.". Diabetes 48 (9): 1779–86. doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1779. PMID 10480608.
^ Hermans MP, Levy JC, Morris RJ, Turner RC (1999). "Comparison of insulin sensitivity tests across a range of glucose tolerance from normal to diabetes.". Diabetologia 42 (6): 678–87. doi:10.1007/s001250051215. PMID 10382587.

External links

http://www.dtu.ox.ac.uk/homa/

UpToDate Contents

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1. インスリン抵抗性：定義および臨床像 insulin resistance definition and clinical spectrum
2. メタボリックシンドローム（インスリン抵抗性症候群またはシンドロームX） the metabolic syndrome insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome x
3. 成人における多嚢胞性卵巣症候群の診断 diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults
4. 成人における多嚢胞性卵巣症候群の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults
5. 小児および思春期における肥満の併存疾患および合併症 comorbidities and complications of obesity in children and adolescents

English Journal

Relation of fat-mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphism to fat mass content and body mass index in obese children.

Pyrzak B, Wisniewska A, Majcher A, Tysarowski A, Demkow U.SourceDepartment of Pediatric and Endocrinology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland. beata.pyrzak@wum.edu.pl
Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;756:255-62.
Fat mass content, fat distribution, and fat-mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene have been reported among a broad spectrum of genetic variation connected with body weight. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the T/A rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene may influence obesity and metab
PMID 22836643

Association of adiponectin gene G276T polymorphism with atherogenic indicators in obese children.

Pyrzak B, Ruminska M, Czerwonogrodzka-Senczyna A, Majcher A, Wisniewska A, Brzewski M, Demkow U.SourceDepartment of Pediatric and Endocrinology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland. beata.pyrzak@wum.edu.pl
Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;756:247-54.
Adiponectin plays a protective role against atherosclerosis. Genetic investigation has revealed that G276T adiponectin gene polymorphism is related to adiponectin concentration and metabolic disturbances. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of adiponectin gene G276T polym
PMID 22836642

Japanese Journal

P-1070 HOMA-IRおよびHOMA-βを指標としたピオグリタゾン投与中の2型糖尿病患者の薬剤管理指導業務についての調査検討(一般演題ポスター発表,糖尿病,Enjoy Pharmacists' Lifestyles)

伊東輝美,相馬まゆ子,佐々木洋一,吉田和博,今田愛也,江川祥子,渡辺泰裕
日本医療薬学会年会講演要旨集 21, 360, 2011-09-09
NAID 110008910535

糖尿病患者の睡眠障害について(シンポジウム:睡眠と健康,2010年,第51回日本心身医学会総会ならびに学術講演会(仙台))

布施克也,吉嶺文敏,笠井昭男,中川理,穂坂路男,清野洋,村松芳幸,村松公美子
心身医学 51(9), 799-806, 2011-09-01
… た.睡眠の質の低下とうつ状態には関連性を認め,HbA_<1c>高値群でより顕著であった.睡眠テストでは,27%に中等度以上の睡眠時無呼吸症候群の合併が疑われ,夜間睡眠指標とインスリン抵抗性指標(HOMA-IR)に相関関係を認めた.糖尿病患者の睡眠の質は血糖コントロール不良群ほど不良であることが少なくなく,その機序として,うつ状態や睡眠呼吸障害が潜在している可能性が少なくないことが示唆され …
NAID 110008711380

Related Pictures

HOMA IR Test http://www.scielo.br/scielo Figure 1. homa-ir Homa Ir Normals http://www.scielo.br Homa Ir Formula http://www.nutricity.it/ HOMA IR Definition http://www.ijem.in Peter Attia changes in HOMA-IR and insulin

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「インスリン抵抗性指数」
関連記事	「I」「IR」

「インスリン抵抗性指数」

　　[★]

英: homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance
同: HOMA-R、HOMA-IR
関: 糖尿病、HOMA-β

[show details]

インスリン抵抗性指数 : 約 38,000 件
インスリン抵抗指数 : 88 件

en

HOMA-R : 約 17,600 件
HOMA-IR : 約 130,000 件

(HOMA-IR)＝IRI(μU/ml)×空腹時血糖値(mg/dl)/405

IRI, immunoreactive insulin, 免疫活性インスリン

HOMA-IR≧2.5：インスリン抵抗性が存在

「I」

　　[★]

「IR」

　　[★]

反転回復 inversion recovery

[pmid386029-1] Turner RC, Holman RR, Matthews D, Hockaday TD, Peto J (1979). "Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance interaction in diabetes: estimation of their relative contribution by feedback analysis from basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations.". Metabolism 28 (11): 1086–96. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(79)90146-X. PMID 386029. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=386029.

[Mathews1985-2] Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC (1985). "Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man.". Diabetologia 28 (7): 412–9. doi:10.1007/BF00280883. PMID 3899825.

[Rudenski-3] A. S. Rudenski and D. R. Matthews and J. C. Levy and R. C. Turner (September 1991). "Understanding insulin resistance: Both glucose resistance and insulin resistance are required to model human diabetes". Metabolism 40 (9): 908–917. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(91)90065-5. ISSN 0026-0495. PMID 1895955.

[Wallace2004-4] Wallace TM, Levy JC, Matthews DR (2004). "Use and abuse of HOMA modeling.". Diabetes Care 27 (6): 1487–95. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.6.1487. PMID 15161807. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15161807.

[pmid9839117-5] Levy JC, Matthews DR, Hermans MP (1998). "Correct homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) evaluation uses the computer program.". Diabetes Care 21 (12): 2191–2. doi:10.2337/diacare.21.12.2191. PMID 9839117.

[6] Turner et al. (1993) Measurement of insulin resistance and β-cell function: the HOMA and CIGMA approach. Current topics in diabetes research (eds) F. Belfiore, R. Bergman and G. Molinatti Front Diabetes. Basel, Karger 12: 66-75

[pmid10480608-7] Hermans MP, Levy JC, Morris RJ, Turner RC (1999). "Comparison of tests of beta-cell function across a range of glucose tolerance from normal to diabetes.". Diabetes 48 (9): 1779–86. doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1779. PMID 10480608.

[pmid10382587-8] Hermans MP, Levy JC, Morris RJ, Turner RC (1999). "Comparison of insulin sensitivity tests across a range of glucose tolerance from normal to diabetes.". Diabetologia 42 (6): 678–87. doi:10.1007/s001250051215. PMID 10382587.

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HOMA-IR