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a tiny grain

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小粒,微粒

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/10 10:42:34」(JST)

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Birbeck granules, also known as Birbeck bodies, are rod shaped^[1] or "tennis-racket" cytoplasmic organelles with a central linear density and a striated appearance. They are a characteristic microscopic finding in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (Histiocytosis X), which is one of a group of rare conditions collectively known as histiocytosis.

Formation is induced by langerin.^[2]

Function[edit source | edit]

Function is under question, but one theory is that they migrate to the periphery of the Langerhans cells and release its contents into the extracellular matrix. Another theory is that the Birbeck granule functions in receptor-mediated endocytosis, similar to clathrin-coated pits.

History[edit source | edit]

Birbeck granules were discovered by Michael Stanley Clive Birbeck (1925–2005), a British scientist and electron microscopist who worked at the Chester Beatty Cancer Research Institute or Institute of Cancer Research, London from 1950 until 1981.^[3]

References[edit source | edit]

^ Mc Dermott R, Ziylan U, Spehner D, et al. (January 2002). "Birbeck granules are subdomains of endosomal recycling compartment in human epidermal Langerhans cells, which form where Langerin accumulates". Mol. Biol. Cell 13 (1): 317–35. doi:10.1091/mbc.01-06-0300. PMC 65091. PMID 11809842.
^ Kissenpfennig A, Aït-Yahia S, Clair-Moninot V, et al. (January 2005). "Disruption of the langerin/CD207 gene abolishes Birbeck granules without a marked loss of Langerhans cell function". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (1): 88–99. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.1.88-99.2005. PMC 538791. PMID 15601833.
^ synd/2221 at Who Named It?

External links[edit source | edit]

Image at ouhsc.edu
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1. ランゲルハンス細胞組織球症の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of langerhans cell histiocytosis
2. 小児および思春期におけるランゲルハンス細胞組織球症（好酸球性肉芽腫）骨病変 langerhans cell histiocytosis eosinophilic granuloma of bone in children and adolescents
3. 肺ランゲルハンス細胞組織球症 pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis
4. 間質性肺疾患における肺生検結果の解釈 interpretation of lung biopsy results in interstitial lung disease
5. 組織球性肉腫 histiocytic sarcoma

English Journal

Langerhans cell histiocytosis preceding the development of juvenile xanthogranuloma: a case and review of recent developments.

Bains A, Parham DM.SourceDepartment of Pathology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. ashi.bains@gmail.com
Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society.Pediatr Dev Pathol.2011 Nov-Dec;14(6):480-4. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) both belong to the histiocytosis group of disorders, which have varied prognostic and clinical significance. Their normal cellular counterparts share a common CD34-positive hematopoietic stem cell precursor that matures along CD1
PMID 21793710

Ontogeny and disease responses of Langerhans-like cells in lymphoid tissues of salmonid fish.

Lovy J, Savidant GP, Wright GM.SourceDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada. Jan.Lovy@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
Cell and tissue research.Cell Tissue Res.2011 Oct;346(1):111-8. Epub 2011 Oct 1.
The ontogeny and disease responses of Langerhans-like cells within lymphoid tissues of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were investigated. These cells were studied in situ with the use of two markers: the ultrastructural presence of Birbeck-like granules and immu
PMID 21965123