ブタ水疱疹ウイルス

関: San Miguel sea lion virus、VESV

WordNet

a harmful or corrupting agency; "bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread"; "the virus of jealousy is latent in everyone"
(virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein
a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer; "a true virus cannot spread to another computer without human assistance" (同)computer virus
of or relating to or involving vesicles; "normal vesicular breathing"
stout-bodied short-legged omnivorous animals
eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease (同)exanthema, skin_eruption

PrepTutorEJDIC

《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
ビールス,ろ過性病原体
小嚢の小胞の,小嚢(小胞)状の
《米》《集合的に》豚(pig)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/13 11:52:36」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV) is a virus different from those causing Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) and Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) but it produces a disease in pigs that is clinically indistinguishable from FMD and SVD. Unlike FMD it only affects pigs.

Currently, VESV is only a concern among Californian pig-farmers, otherwise, the disease is now, by and large, a historical curiosity. It was globally eradicated in swine in 1959.^[1]

1 Source of virus
2 History
3 Transmission
4 Symptoms
5 Zoonosis
6 Diagnosis
7 Virion Properties
- 7.1 Morphology
- 7.2 Physical chemistry and Physical Property
- 7.3 Nucleic Acid
- 7.4 Proteins
- 7.5 Lipids
8 Genomic organization and Viral replication
9 Management control and prevention
10 Notes
11 References
12 External links

Source of virus

Viruses that are virtually identical to VESV virus are present in marine mammals and fish along the Pacific coast of the USA. These viruses are sometimes called San Miguel Sea Lion Virus.^[1] It is therefore assumed that the source of VESV was waste sea food fed to pigs or as garbage finding its way to pigs from farmed-mink fed seafood.

History

VESV was first diagnosed in pigs in Southern California in 1932. Because of its close similarity to FMD all the pigs were destroyed. It kept reappearing in California from time to time, the pigs being slaughtered each time. Then in 1952 the virus escaped from California in a train-load of infected pork. Garbage fed pig herds came down with the disease and it spread from them to neighbouring herds until herds in 43 states were affected. It was eventually stamped out in 1956 by a major slaughter policy combined with a ban on feeding uncooked garbage to pigs. It was declared an exotic disease in the USA in 1959

The only cases outside the USA were in slaughter pigs on ships from the USA bound for Hawaii in 1947 and in pigs fed uncooked pork scraps from an American military base in Iceland in 1955.

The source of the virus remained a mystery until 1972 when an essentially similar virus the San Miguel Sea Lion Virus (SMSV) was isolated from San Miguel Island sea lions. When inoculated experimentally into pigs it caused typical signs of VESV.

Transmission

Once established within a herd, transmission from pig to pig is by direct contact. Initiation of new outbreaks starts by feeding infected uncooked pork scraps.

Symptoms

VESV does not affect cattle, sheep, goats or any species other than the pigs and marine mammals.

* Fever up to 107 °F (42 °C).
* Vesicles are found on the epithelium of the snout, lips, nostrils, tongue, feet and mammary glands.
* Very similar to FMD
* Epithelial lesions are identical to the other vesicular diseases
* No systemic lesions

Mortality is low but there may be some deaths in suckling piglets. Growing pigs may become debilitated.

Zoonosis

VESV is not transmissible to humans.

Diagnosis

This is the same as for suspected FMD and SVD and requires laboratory tests to identify it. Serological methods such as complement fixation, serum neutralisation and PCR are available.^[1]

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 35-39 nm. Capsids appear round to hexagonal in outline. The capsid surface structure reveals a regular pattern with distinctive features. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible. Capsid with 32 cup-shaped depressions.

Physical chemistry and Physical Property

Under in vitro conditions virions are inactivated in acid environment of pH 3-5.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The complete genome is 7900 nucleotides long. The 5'-end of the genome has a viral protein genome-linked (VPg). The 3'-terminus has a poly (A) tract.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes viral structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genomic organization and Viral replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Management control and prevention

No vaccines are available.
The cooked garbage policy in the USA should prevent its reappearance but it is conceivable that an ignorant or careless person may break the rules.
If you farm in California do not feed waste sea food to your pigs. Also, do not allow anyone working in your herd to take sandwiches or other food into the pig buildings. Provide a designated eating place for them away from the pigs. This is a good policy anyway.
Monitoring of the San Miguel Sea Lion Virus is a good precautionary measure.^[1]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Vesicular Exanthema - Pig expert reviewed and published by WikiVet, accessed 10 October 2011.

References

ThePigSite Pig Health
Vesicular Exanthema of Swine
ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.012.0.01.001. Vesicular exanthema of swine virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

External links

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. [1]

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 免疫能の正常な患者における発熱および発疹 fever and rash in the immunocompetent patient
2. 新生児単純ヘルペスウイルス感染：臨床的特徴および診断 neonatal herpes simplex virus infection clinical features and diagnosis
3. 水痘帯状疱疹ウイルス感染の臨床的特徴：水痘 clinical features of varicella zoster virus infection chickenpox
4. 新生児における小水疱性および膿疱性の病変 vesiculobullous and pustular lesions in the newborn
5. 水痘帯状疱疹ウイルス感染症の疫学および病因：帯状疱疹 epidemiology and pathogenesis of varicella zoster virus infection herpes zoster

English Journal

Insulated Isothermal Reverse Transcriptase PCR (iiRT-PCR) for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Classical Swine Fever Virus.

Lung O1, Pasick J, Fisher M, Buchanan C, Erickson A, Ambagala A.
Transboundary and emerging diseases.Transbound Emerg Dis.2015 Jan 27. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12318. [Epub ahead of print]
Classical swine fever (CSF) is an OIE-listed disease that can have a severe impact on the swine industry. User-friendly, sensitive, rapid diagnostic tests that utilize low-cost field-deployable instruments for CSF diagnosis can be useful for disease surveillance and outbreak monitoring. In this stud
PMID 25644051

The Complete Genome Sequence of the San Miguel Sea Lion Virus-8 Reveals that It Is Not a Member of the Vesicular Exanthema of Swine Virus/San Miguel Sea Lion Virus Species of the Caliciviridae.

Neill JD1.
Genome announcements.Genome Announc.2014 Dec 11;2(6). pii: e01286-14. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.01286-14.
The complete genome sequence of the San Miguel sea lion virus-8 (SMSV-8) was determined in this study. A comparison of this sequence to other calicivirus sequences in GenBank showed that this virus is genetically distinct from the vesicular exanthema of swine virus/San Miguel sea lion virus (VESV/SM
PMID 25502676

Development and evaluation of multiplex RT-LAMP assays for rapid and sensitive detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus.

Yamazaki W1, Mioulet V, Murray L, Madi M, Haga T, Misawa N, Horii Y, King DP.
Journal of virological methods.J Virol Methods.2013 Sep;192(1-2):18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.03.018. Epub 2013 Apr 12.
This paper describes the evaluation of four novel real-time multiplex reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assays for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). In order to overcome the genetic diversity of FMD viruses (FMDV), these multiplex RT-
PMID 23583488

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リンク元	「San Miguel sea lion virus」「VESV」「ブタ水疱疹ウイルス」
関連記事	「exanthem」「exanthema」「swine」「vesicular」「virus」

「San Miguel sea lion virus」

Vesicular exanthema of swine virus
Virus classification
Group:	Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Family:	Caliciviridae
Genus:	Vesivirus
Species:	Vesicular exanthema of swine virus
Synonyms
	Swine vesicular exanthema virus; Vesicular exanthema of swine virus, serotype A