WordNet

small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
of or relating to or constituting a follicle

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(刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/21 20:10:32」(JST)

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For other uses, see Granulosa cells.

Thyroid epithelial cells (also called follicular cells or principal cells) are cells in the thyroid gland that are responsible for the production and secretion of thyroid hormones, that is, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

Function[edit source | edit]

Thyroid hormone synthesis.^[1]

The thyroid epithelial cells take up iodine and amino acids from the blood circulation on the basolateral side, synthesize thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase from amino acids and secrete these into the thyroid follicles together with iodine. The thyroid epithelial cells can subsequently take up iodinated thyroglobulin from the follicles by endocytosis, extract thyroid hormones from it with the help of proteases and subsequently release thyroid hormones to the blood.

These thyroid hormones are transported throughout the body where they control metabolism (which is the conversion of oxygen and calories to energy). Every cell in the body depends upon thyroid hormones for regulation of their metabolism. The normal thyroid gland produces about 80% T4 and about 20% T3, however, T3 is about four times as potent as T4.

Iodine transport[edit source | edit]

Iodine is taken up on the basolateral side of the thyroid epithelial cells by sodium-iodide symporters.^[2] It is secreted into the follicle through the chloride/iodide transporter pendrin on the apical side.

Structure and development[edit source | edit]

They are simple cuboidal epithelium and are arranged in spherical follicles surrounding colloid. The interiors of one of these follicles is known as the follicular lumen.

They have thyrotropin receptors on their surface, which respond to thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Embryologic origin is from a median endodermal mass in the region of the tongue (foramen cecum) in contrast to the parafollicular (C) cells that arise from the 4th branchial pouch.

Relationship to other cell types[edit source | edit]

Calcitonin-producing parafollicular cells (C cells) can be found scattered along the basement membrane of the thyroid epithelium.

Embryologic origin of these C-cells is neural crest, from the ultimobranchial body (4th pharyngeal pouch).

References[edit source | edit]

^ Walter F., PhD. Boron (2003). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 1300. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3.
^ Levy, O.; Dai, G.; Riedel, C.; Ginter, C. S.; Paul, E. M.; Lebowitz, A. N.; Carrasco, N. (1997). "Characterization of the thyroid Na+/I− symporter with an anti-COOH terminus antibody". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94 (11): 5568–5573. Bibcode:1997PNAS...94.5568L. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.11.5568. PMC 20819. PMID 9159113. edit

External links[edit source | edit]

Anatomy Atlases - Microscopic Anatomy, plate 15.287
BU Histology Learning System: 14302loa

This cell biology article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 濾胞性リンパ腫における自家造血細胞移植 autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in follicular lymphoma
2. 濾胞性リンパ腫における同種造血細胞移植 allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in follicular lymphoma
3. 濾胞性リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、診断、および予後 clinical manifestations pathologic features diagnosis and prognosis of follicular lymphoma
4. マントル細胞リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma
5. 自家造血幹細胞移植の適格性判定 determining eligibility for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation

English Journal

Epidemiology of lymphoid malignancies: last decade update.

Novelli S, Briones J, Sierra J.SourceHematology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
SpringerPlus.Springerplus.2013 Dec;2(1):70. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
BACKGROUND: The non-Hodgkin lymphomas are 12th most prevalent cancers in Europe. No recent update in the epidemiology of these lymphomas has been performed in our country. We diagnosed 701 new lymphomas during the period beginning January 1, 2000 and ending December 31, 2009 in our center.FINDINGS:
PMID 23520573

Chronic, low concentration exposure to pharmaceuticals impacts multiple organ systems in zebrafish.

Galus M, Kirischian N, Higgins S, Purdy J, Chow J, Rangaranjan S, Li H, Metcalfe C, Wilson JY.SourceDepartment of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton ON, Canada L8S 4K1. Electronic address: galusm@mcmaster.ca.
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands).Aquat Toxicol.2013 May 15;132-133:200-11. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.12.021. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
Pharmaceuticals are found in both receiving and drinking water due to their persistent release in waste-water effluents, raising concerns for environmental and human health. Chronic, aqueous exposure of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to environmentally relevant concentrations of acetaminophen (ACE), venlaf
PMID 23375851

Unbiased estimates of long-term net survival of hematological malignancy patients detailed by major subtypes in France.

Monnereau A, Troussard X, Belot A, Guizard AV, Woronoff AS, Bara S, Lapôtre-Ledoux B, Iwaz J, Tretarre B, Maynadié M; French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM).SourceRegistre des Hémopathies Malignes de la Gironde, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France. A.Monnereau@bordeaux.unicancer.fr
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2013 May 15;132(10):2378-87. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27889. Epub 2012 Oct 30.
Long-term population-based survival data detailed by cancer subtype are important to measure the overall outcomes of malignancy managements. We provide net survival estimates at 1, 3, 5 and 10-year postdiagnosis on 37,549 hematological malignancy (HM) patients whose ages were >15 years, diagnosed
PMID 23034773

Japanese Journal

低悪性度B細胞リンパ腫の臨床試験と診療におけるFDG-PETの役割 (特集低悪性度B細胞リンパ腫の研究と診療 : Update in 2012)

立石宇貴秀
血液内科 65(1), 96-101, 2012-07
NAID 40019402935

未治療低悪性度B細胞リンパ腫に対するR-CHOP療法におけるdose-dense strategyの有用性に関する第？/？相試験 : JCOG0203の意義 (特集低悪性度B細胞リンパ腫の研究と診療 : Update in 2012)

渡辺隆
血液内科 65(1), 72-82, 2012-07
NAID 40019402897

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「甲状腺」「卵胞細胞」
関連記事	「follicular」「cell」

「甲状腺」

Follicular cell
	Section of thyroid gland of sheep. X 160. ("Cubical epithelium" labeled at center left.)
Code	TH H3.08.02.4.00007

　　[★]

英: thyroid gland
ラ: glandula thyroidea
関: 甲状腺ホルモン、副甲状腺(上皮小体); 喉頭

図：N.24(全面の筋),25(全面の筋),70(血管),71(血管)

解剖学

部位

胸骨舌骨筋と胸骨甲状筋の裏で、輪状軟骨の下部に位置する。
C5-T1椎体の高さ

性状

成人の正常重量15-25g、女性の方が少し重い。妊娠中や性周期で重量が変化する。分泌期初期（early secretary phase排卵後2-5日目）には50%も重量が増加する。

大きさ

よくわかる甲状腺疾患のすべて　永井書店 (2004/01)　ISBN 481591673X

単位はmm？

	n	峡部	横断厚	横径	縦経(右)	縦経(左)
男性	34	1.8±0.6	18±3.0	48±4.8	49±3.7	49±3.8
女性	16	1.3±0.8	16±2.2	46±3.6	45±6.0	46±3.0

血管

動脈

静脈

神経

声帯を支配する神経が甲状腺の裏側を通過 N.71

画像

超音波検査

(高エコー)筋肉＞甲状腺＞気道(低エコー)　　←　要確認

びまん性腫大、等エコー～低エコー：グレーブス病
低エコー・高エコーの混在：甲状腺癌
不均一な粗い低エコー：橋本病
炎症部位は低エコーとなる：亜急性甲状腺炎

組織学

濾胞上皮細胞 follicular cell

甲状腺ホルモンを産生、分泌。

C細胞 C cell

成人甲状腺全体の0.1%を占める
カルシトニン産生細胞、HEでは判別困難。
銀染色(Glimerius)、免疫組織化学（chromogranin A、synaprophysin, carcitoninなど）により明らかとなる。
電顕では、electron dense な顆粒を有する（神経内分泌顆粒）。

機能

濾胞上皮細胞で甲状腺濾胞ホルモン(甲状腺ホルモン)を産生・分泌。甲状腺刺激ホルモンが刺激となる。
傍濾胞細胞でカルシトニンを産生・分泌

発生

甲状腺は舌盲孔で咽頭底の上皮性増殖として出現
舌盲孔で陥入し、咽頭腸の前を2葉に分かれて下降する。
甲状腺が陥入してできた管を甲状舌管という。
発生学的由来：咽頭底の上皮性上皮、内胚葉

神経支配

上頚部交感神経節、中頚部交感神経節。交感神経神経線維は濾胞近傍に終末し、分泌に影響を及ぼす。

臨床関連

診察所見と疾患

びまん性に腫大しており、柔らかい：グレーブス病、単純性甲状腺腫
硬い：橋本病
圧痛あり：亜急性甲状腺炎、急性化膿性甲状腺炎、橋本病の急性増悪、一部の甲状腺嚢胞

非腫瘍性疾患

1. 遺伝疾患、発達傷害

a) 無形成 Agenesis
b) 低形成 Hypoplasia
c) 異所性甲状腺：異残物

2. 甲状舌管嚢胞 (thyroglossal duct cyst)：異残物
3. 薬剤の影響：

mynocyclineによるblack thyroid：消耗性色素リポフスチンと他の物質（lipid-drug complexによりlysosomeに色素が沈着する）。

4. 感染

a) 急性甲状腺炎
b) 亜急性甲状腺炎

5. 自己免疫性甲状腺疾患

a) 橋本病
b) Basedow病 (Graves病）
c) 限局性リンパ球性甲状腺炎 focal lymphocytic thyroiditis
d) 浸潤性線維性甲状腺炎 invasive fibrous thyroiditis, Riedel's thyroiditis

6. 甲状腺腫 goiter

a) simple and multinodular nontoxic goiter
b) ホルモン合成傷害性甲状腺腫 dyshormonogenetic goiter
c) toxic multinodular goiter (Plummer病）
d) amyloid goiter

7. C細胞過形成 C-cell hyperplasia

腫瘍性疾患 (甲状腺腫瘍)

1. 良性腫瘍

a) 濾胞腺腫 follicular adenoma

2. 悪性腫瘍（甲状腺癌）悪性腫瘍中の頻度

a) 乳頭癌 papillary carcinoma　88%
b) 濾胞癌 follicular carcinoma 4.2%　甲状腺濾胞癌 thyroid follicular carcinoma
c) 低分化癌 poorly differentiated carcinoma
d) 未分化癌 undifferentiated carcinoma 1.5%
e) 髄様癌(C細胞癌) medullary carcinoma, C-cell carcinoma 1.4%
f) 悪性リンパ腫 malignant lymphoma 3.5%

Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.
Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.
Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.

分類

七條分類

「卵胞細胞」

　　[★]

英: follicular cell
関: [[]]

「follicular」

　　[★]

adj.

濾胞性の、濾胞状の、濾胞の、卵胞の

関: follicle、ovarian follicle

「cell」

　　[★] 細胞　　　　　　　

[1] Walter F., PhD. Boron (2003). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 1300. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3.

[2] Levy, O.; Dai, G.; Riedel, C.; Ginter, C. S.; Paul, E. M.; Lebowitz, A. N.; Carrasco, N. (1997). "Characterization of the thyroid Na+/I− symporter with an anti-COOH terminus antibody". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94 (11): 5568–5573. Bibcode:1997PNAS...94.5568L. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.11.5568. PMC 20819. PMID 9159113. edit

Follicular cell

Section of thyroid gland of sheep. X 160. ("Cubical epithelium" labeled at center left.)
Code	TH H3.08.02.4.00007

匿名

検索

案内

follicular cell