関: bromthymol blue、BTB

WordNet

used to signify the Union forces in the American Civil War (who wore blue uniforms); "a ragged blue line"
blue color or pigment; resembling the color of the clear sky in the daytime; "he had eyes of bright blue" (同)blueness
any of numerous small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae
blue clothing; "she was wearing blue"
any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are blue; "the Union army was a vast blue"
of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky; "Octobers bright blue weather"- Helen Hunt Jackson; "a blue flame"; "blue haze of tobacco smoke" (同)bluish, blueish
causing dejection; "a blue day"; "the dark days of the war"; "a week of rainy depressing weather"; "a disconsolate winter landscape"; "the first dismal dispiriting days of November"; "a dark gloomy day"; "grim rainy weather" (同)dark, dingy, disconsolate, dismal, gloomy, grim, sorry, drab, drear, dreary
suggestive of sexual impropriety; "a blue movie"; "blue jokes"; "he skips asterisks and gives you the gamy details"; "a juicy scandal"; "a naughty wink"; "naughty words"; "racy anecdotes"; "a risque story"; "spicy gossip" (同)gamy, gamey, juicy, naughty, racy, risque, spicy
morally rigorous and strict; "the puritan work ethic"; "puritanic distaste for alcohol"; "she was anything but puritanical in her behavior" (同)puritanic, puritanical
turn blue
a state of depression; "he had a bad case of the blues" (同)blue devils, megrims, vapors, vapours
a type of folksong that originated among Black Americans at the beginning of the 20th century; has a melancholy sound from repeated use of blue notes
a process that makes something blue (or bluish) (同)blueing
used to whiten laundry or hair or give it a bluish tinge (同)blueing, blue

PrepTutorEJDIC

『青い』,あい色の / 青黒い / 《話》陰気な,憂うつな / 〈U〉『青色』,あい色;青色の着物 / 〈U〉〈C〉青色絵の具,あい色染料 / 《the~》《詩》青空,青い海 / 《the blues》《話》気のふさぎ,うれいの色 / 《the blues》《ときに単数扱い》(ジャズ音楽の)ブルース / …'を'青色にする
= bluing

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/18 06:14:34」(JST)

wiki en

Bromothymol blue (also known as bromothymol sulfone phthalein, Bromthymol Blue, and BTB) is a pH indicator for weak acids and bases. It is mostly used in applications that require measuring substances that would have a relatively neutral pH (near 7), such as managing the pH of pools and fish tanks. A common use is for measuring the presence of carbonic acid in a liquid. It is typically sold in solid form as the sodium salt of the acid indicator.

Bromothymol Blue (pH indicator)
below pH 6.0		above pH 7.6
6.0	↔	7.6

Properties

Bromothymol blue acts as a weak acid in solution. It can thus be in protonated or deprotonated form, appearing yellow or blue respectively. It is bluish green in neutral solution. The deprotonation of the neutral form results in a highly conjugated structure, accounting for the difference in color.

Structure at different pH ranges

Bromothymol blue is sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in alcohol, ether and in aqueous solutions of alkalis. It is less soluble in non-polar solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene, and practically insoluble in petroleum ether.^[1]

Preparation

To prepare a solution for use as pH indicator, dissolve 0.10g in 8.0 cm³ N/50 NaOH and dilute with water to 250 cm³. To prepare a solution for use as indicator in volumetric work, dissolve 0.1g in 100 cm³ of 50% (v/v) ethanol.^[1]

Uses

The different colors of bromothymol blue. From left to right: blank, pH 4, pH 6.2, pH 6.6, pH 7.2, pH 7.5, pH 8, pH 12.

Bromothymol blue may be used for observing photosynthetic activities, or as a respiratory indicator (turns yellow as CO₂ is added).^[2]^[3] A common demonstration of BTB's pH indicator properties involves exhaling through a tube into a neutral solution of BTB. As carbon dioxide is absorbed from the breath into the solution, forming carbonic acid, the solution changes color from green to yellow. Thus, BTB is commonly used in science classes to demonstrate that the more that muscles are used, the greater the CO₂ output.

It may also be used in the laboratory as a biological slide stain. At this point it is already blue, and a drop or two is used on a water slide. The cover slip is placed on top of the water droplet and the specimen in it, with the blue coloring mixed in.^{[clarification needed]} It is sometimes used to define cell walls or nuclei under the microscope.

Bromothymol is used in obstetrics for detecting premature rupture of membranes. Amniotic fluid typically has a pH > 7.2, bromothymol will therefore turn blue when brought in contact with fluid leaking from the amnion. As vaginal pH normally is acidic, the blue color indicates the presence of amniotic fluid. The test may be false-positive in the presence of other alkaline substances such as blood, semen, or in the presence of bacterial vaginosis.

References

^ ^a ^b O'Neil, Maryadele J (2006). The Merck Index. Merck Research Laboratory. p. 1445. ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1.
^ Sabnis R. W. (2007). Handbook of Acid-Base Indicators. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-8218-1.
^ Sabnis R. W. (2010). Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains: Synthesis and Industrial Applications (1st ed.). Wiley. ISBN 0-470-40753-0.

External links

J.T.Baker MSDS
Bromothymol Blue (Sodium Salt) -Sigma Aldrich

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in Brazil: report of 11 cases in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients.

Marques SA, Bastazini I Jr, Martins AL, Barreto JA, Barbieri D'Elia MP, Lastória JC, Marques ME.SourceDepartments of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Brazil Department of Pathology, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.
International journal of dermatology.Int J Dermatol.2012 Jul;51(7):780-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05298.x.
Background Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis is an uncommon infectious disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii affecting immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent patients. It is often misdiagnosed as it may mimic other cutaneous diseases. Materials and methods We rep
PMID 22715820

Cryptococcus species complex yeasts isolated from dust microhabitat in brazilian libraries.

Leite-Júnior DD, Amadio JJ, Martins EE, Simões SS, Yamamoto AC, Leal-Santos FF, Takahara DD, Hahn RR.AbstractABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The Cryptococcus spp complex is currently composed of encapsulated yeasts of cosmopolitan distribution, including the etiological agents of cryptococcosis. The fungus is found mainly in substrates of animal and plant origin. Human infection occurs through inhalation of spores present in the environment. Methods: Eighty-four swab collections were performed on dust found on books in three libraries in the city of Cuiaba, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The material was seeded in Sabouraud agar and then observed for characteristics compatible with colonies with a creamy to mucous aspect; the material was then isolated in birdseed (Niger) agar and cultivated at a temperature of 37 oC for 5 to 7 days. Identification of isolated colonies was performed by microscopic observation in fresh preparations dyed with India ink, additional tests performed on CGB (L-canavanine glycine bromothymol blue), urea broth, and carbohydrate assimilation tests (auxanogram). Results: Of the 84 samples collected from book dust, 18 (21.4%) positive samples were isolated, totalizing 41 UFC's. The most frequently isolated species was C. gattii 15 (36.6%); followed by C. terreus, 12 (29.3%); C. luteolus 4 (9.8%); C. neoformans, and C. uniguttulatus 3 (7.3%), respectively, and C. albidus and C. humiculus with 2 (4.6%) of the isolates, respectively. Conclusion: The high biodiversity of the yeasts of the Cryptococcus genus, isolated from different environmental sources in urban areas of Brazil suggests the possibility of individuals whose immune systems have been compromised or even healthy individuals coming into contact with multiple sources of contagion on a daily bases throughout their lives. This study demonstrates the possible acquisition of the isolated dust fungus in libraries, due to the continuous exposure of library workers to the micro-niche present in such locations.
Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England).J Occup Med Toxicol.2012 Jun 8;7(1):11. [Epub ahead of print]
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The Cryptococcus spp complex is currently composed of encapsulated yeasts of cosmopolitan distribution, including the etiological agents of cryptococcosis. The fungus is found mainly in substrates of animal and plant origin. Human infection occurs through inhalation of spores
PMID 22682392

Japanese Journal

試験紙法による尿pH測定のタンパク誤差に関する理論的解析

鈴木優治
分析化学 = Japan analyst 61(10), 885-892, 2012-10-05
NAID 10030877612

シイタケ腐敗病菌Ewingella americanaの分離用選択培地

有馬忍,篠原弘亮,根岸寛光
日本きのこ学会誌 : mushroom science and biotechnology 19(4), 181-186, 2012-01-31
シイタケ腐敗病細菌Ewingella americanaの選択培地を作製した.本培地(A-D3培地と命名)は蒸留水1,000mLにD(+)アラビトール10g,カザミノ酸ビタミンフリー5g,塩化リチウム7g,塩化ナトリウム5g,硫酸マグネシウム七水和物0.3g,ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム50mg,0.2%ブロモチモールブルー15mL,寒天15gの組成で,pH7.2に調整した.シイタケ病原細菌Ew. am …
NAID 110009470738

アナリティカルレポート試験紙法による尿pH測定のタンパク誤差に関する理論的解析

鈴木優治
分析化学 61(10), 885-892, 2012
… The protein error in a urine pH measurement by a test strip using mixed indicators of methyl red (MR) and bromothymol blue (BTB) was investigated mainly by a calculation based on the chemical equilibrium. …
NAID 130001886966

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ブロムチモールブルー」「bromthymol blue」「ブロモチモールブルー」「BTB」
関連記事	「blue」「bluing」

「ブロムチモールブルー」

Bromothymol blue
	IUPAC name 4,4'-(1,1-dioxido-3H-2,1-benzoxathiole-3,3-diyl)bis(2-bromo-6-isopropyl-3-methylphenol)
Identifiers
CAS number	76-59-5
PubChem	6450
ChemSpider	6208
UNII	VGU4LM0H96
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES Brc1c(O)c(cc(c1C)C3(OS(=O)(=O)c2ccccc23)c4cc(c(O)c(Br)c4C)C(C)C)C(C)C ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C27H28Br2O5S/c1-13(2)17-11-20(15(5)23(28)25(17)30)27(19-9-7-8-10-22(19)35(32,33)34-27)21-12-18(14(3)4)26(31)24(29)16(21)6/h7-14,30-31H,1-6H3 ; Key: NUHCTOLBWMJMLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C27H28Br2O5S/c1-13(2)17-11-20(15(5)23(28)25(17)30)27(19-9-7-8-10-22(19)35(32,33)34-27)21-12-18(14(3)4)26(31)24(29)16(21)6/h7-14,30-31H,1-6H3; Key: NUHCTOLBWMJMLX-UHFFFAOYAD ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C27H28Br2O5S
Molar mass	624.38 g mol−1
Density	1.25 g/cm3
Melting point	202 °C (396 °F; 475 K)
Acidity (pKa)	7.10
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
NFPA 704	1 2 0
Supplementary data page
Structure and; properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic; data	Phase behaviour; Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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	Infobox references