WordNet

a word is a string of bits stored in computer memory; "large computers use words up to 64 bits long"
a brief statement; "he didnt say a word about it"
a unit of language that native speakers can identify; "words are the blocks from which sentences are made"; "he hardly said ten words all morning"
a verbal command for action; "when I give the word, charge!"
food mixtures either arranged on a plate or tossed and served with a moist dressing; usually consisting of or including greens
the manner in which something is expressed in words; "use concise military verbiage"- G.S.Patton (同)diction, phrasing, phraseology, choice of words, verbiage
language that is spoken or written; "he has a gift for words"; "she put her thoughts into words"
the words that are spoken; "I listened to his words very closely"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『語』,単語 / 《しばしば複数形で》(表現された)『言葉』;(自分の考えに基く)言葉 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》『短い会話』,ひと言 / 《単数形で;one's word》『約束』,保証 / 〈U〉《冠詞をつけずに》『知らせ』,伝言 / 《the word》合い言葉 / 〈C〉《the word, one's》命令,指図 / 《複数形で》『口論』,論争 / 《the Word》聖書,(聖書に書かれた)神の言葉 / …‘を'言葉に表す
〈U〉UC〉『サラダ』 / 〈U〉(レタスなどの)サラダ菜
言い回し,言葉づかい

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/10/07 10:42:49」(JST)

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For the album by Fischer-Z, see Word Salad (album).

Word salad is a "confused or unintelligible mixture of seemingly random words and phrases",^[1] most often used to describe a symptom of a mental disorder. The words may or may not be grammatically correct, but the meaning is confused to the point that the listener cannot extract any meaning from it. The term is often used in psychiatry, as well as in theoretical linguistics to describe a type of grammatical acceptability judgment by native speakers, and in computer programming to describe textual randomization. It is frequently used as a pejorative, to describe unintelligible speech or poorly written literature.

In mental health diagnoses[edit]

Word salad may describe a symptom of mental conditions in which a person attempts to communicate an idea, but words and phrases that may appear to be random and unrelated come out in an incoherent sequence instead. Often, the person is unaware that he or she did not make sense. It appears in people with dementia and schizophrenia,^[2] as well as after anoxic brain injury.

It may be present as:

Expressive aphasia
Schizophasia, a mental condition characterized by incoherent babbling (compulsive or intentional, but nonsensical)
Logorrhea, a mental condition characterized by excessive talking (incoherent and compulsive)
Clanging, a speech pattern that follows rhyming and other sound associations rather than meaning.

In computing[edit]

Word salad can be generated by a computer program for entertainment purposes (for example, a game similar to Mad Libs). Mojibake, also called Buchstabensalat ("letter salad") in German, is an effect similar to word salad, in which an assortment of random text is generated through character encoding incompatibility. This artefact has been the subject of amusement as well, when people tried to "translate" the generated characters into intelligible words and sentences.^{[citation needed]}

Nonsensical phrasing can also be generated for more malicious reasons, such as the Bayesian poisoning used to counter Bayesian spam filters by randomizing text in a syntax that seems to make nominal sense. Bayesian poisoning may also use intelligible sentences, such as text taken from an old novel, which have no connection to the main subject of the spam.^[3]

References[edit]

Look up word salad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

^ "Definition of "word salad". Oxford University Press. 2012.
^ Shives, Louise Rebraca (2008). Basic concepts of psychiatric-mental health nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 112. ISBN 0-7817-9707-1.
^ Berinato, Scott (April 2007). The Scourge of Image Spam: Image Spam Techniques 6 (4). CXO Media Inc. ISSN 1540-904X.

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1. 失語症患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with aphasia
2. 成人における精神病に対する臨床症状、鑑別診断および初期マネージメント clinical manifestations differential diagnosis and initial management of psychosis in adults
3. 興奮または暴力的になった成人の評価と救急対応 assessment and emergency management of the acutely agitated or violent adult
4. 統合失調症：臨床症状、経過、評価、および診断 schizophrenia clinical manifestations course assessment and diagnosis
5. Bartholin gland cyst and abscess: Word catheter placement

English Journal

Hemispheric asymmetries in the perceptual representations of words.

Lincoln AE, Long DL, Swick D, Larsen J, Baynes K.SourceCenter for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. aelincoln@ucdavis.edu
Brain research.Brain Res.2008 Jan 10;1188:112-21. Epub 2007 Nov 7.
The representation of words in sentences can involve the activation and integration of perceptual information. For example, readers who are asked to view pictures of objects relating to a word in a sentence are influenced by perceptual information in the sentence context-readers are faster to respon
PMID 18048008