WordNet

the 1st letter of the Roman alphabet (同)a
the blood group whose red cells carry the A antigen (同)type_A, group A
any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism

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1. ビタミンAの概要 overview of vitamin a
2. 小児の栄養障害と関連した微量栄養素欠乏 micronutrient deficiencies associated with malnutrition in children
3. 網膜色素変性症：治療 retinitis pigmentosa treatment
4. 疾患予防におけるビタミン補給 vitamin supplementation in disease prevention
5. 発展途上国での急性下痢の小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with acute diarrhea in developing countries

Fain GL1.
Current biology : CB.Curr Biol.2015 Dec 7;25(23):R1126-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.004.
A candidate gene approach has finally identified the 3,4-dehydrogenase that converts vitamin A1 into vitamin A2 to supply the chromophore for rhodopsin that freshwater vertebrates need for long-wavelength vision. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMID 26654369

Cyp27c1 Red-Shifts the Spectral Sensitivity of Photoreceptors by Converting Vitamin A1 into A2.

Enright JM1, Toomey MB1, Sato SY2, Temple SE3, Allen JR4, Fujiwara R5, Kramlinger VM5, Nagy LD5, Johnson KM5, Xiao Y5, How MJ3, Johnson SL4, Roberts NW3, Kefalov VJ2, Guengerich FP5, Corbo JC6.
Current biology : CB.Curr Biol.2015 Dec 7;25(23):3048-57. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.018. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
Some vertebrate species have evolved means of extending their visual sensitivity beyond the range of human vision. One mechanism of enhancing sensitivity to long-wavelength light is to replace the 11-cis retinal chromophore in photopigments with 11-cis 3,4-didehydroretinal. Despite over a century of
PMID 26549260

α-Retinol and 3,4-didehydroretinol support growth in rats when fed at equimolar amounts and α-retinol is not toxic after repeated administration of large doses.

Riabroy N1, Dever JT1, Tanumihardjo SA1.
The British journal of nutrition.Br J Nutr.2014 Apr 28;111(8):1373-81. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513003851. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
Dietary α-carotene is present in oranges and purple-orange carrots. Upon the central cleavage of α-carotene in the intestine, α-retinal and retinal are formed and reduced to α-retinol (αR) and retinol. Previous reports have suggested that αR has 2% biopotency of all-trans-retinyl acetate due i
PMID 24330939

四童子好廣
ビタミン 87(10), 551-556, 2013-10-25
… Few association studies on vitamin A and genetic polymorphism have been conducted so far, even though brilliant success has been achieved in translational researches on vitamin D receptor or methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism. …
NAID 110009674992

The Effect of Pantothenic Acid Deficiency on Keratinocyte Proliferation and the Synthesis of Keratinocyte Growth Factor and Collagen in Fibroblasts

Kobayashi Daisaku,Kusama Miho,Onda Masaaki [他],NAKAHATA Norimichi
Journal of pharmacological sciences 115(2), 230-234, 2011-02-20
… It has been reported that pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and panthenol, an alcohol derivative of pantothenic acid, have beneficial moisturizing effects on the skin. … Moreover, pantothenic acid depletion decreased the synthesis of keratinocyte growth factor and procollagen 4a2 in fibroblasts. …
NAID 10029892223