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of or relating to the urinary and reproductive systems

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泌尿生殖器の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/17 16:20:04」(JST)

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In anatomy, the genitourinary system or urogenital system is the organ system of the reproductive organs and the urinary system.^[1] These are grouped together because of their proximity to each other, their common embryological origin and the use of common pathways, like the male urethra. Also, because of their proximity, the systems are sometimes imaged together.^[2]

The term "apparatus urogenitalis" is used in Nomina Anatomica (under Splanchnologia), but not in Terminologia Anatomica.

Development[edit]

Main article: Development of the urinary and reproductive organs

The urinary and reproductive organs are developed from the intermediate mesoderm. The permanent organs of the adult are preceded by a set of structures that are purely embryonic, and that, with the exception of the ducts, disappear almost entirely before the end of fetal life. These embryonic structures are on either side: the pronephros, the mesonephros and the metanephros of the kidney, and the Wolffian and Müllerian ducts of the sex organ. The pronephros disappears very early; the structural elements of the mesonephros mostly degenerate, but the gonad is developed in their place, with which the Wolffian duct remains as the duct in males, and the Müllerian as that of the female. Some of the tubules of the mesonephros form part of the permanent kidney.

Disorders[edit]

Further information: Female genital disease, Male genital disease, and Urologic disease

Disorders of the genitourinary system includes a range of disorders from those that are asymptomatic to those that manifest an array of signs and symptoms. Causes for these disorders include congenital anomalies, infectious diseases, trauma, or conditions that secondarily involve the urinary structure.

To gain access to the body, pathogens can penetrate mucous membranes lining the genitourinary tract.

Urogenital malformations include:

Hypospadias
Epispadias
Labial fusion
Varicocele

As a medical specialty, genitourinary pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the urinary tract, male genital tract, and testes. However, medical disorders of the kidneys are generally within the expertise of renal pathologists. Genitourinary pathologists generally work closely with urologic surgeons.

References[edit]

^ "genitourinary system" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ "UC Davis Department of Radiology - Genitourinary Radiology". Retrieved 2010-03-16.

External links[edit]

Male urogenital development 3D animation: [1]
Female urogenital development 3D animation: [2]

UpToDate Contents

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1. 女性泌尿生殖器の外科解剖学 surgical female urogenital anatomy
2. 正常な性的発育 normal sexual development
3. 先天性膣奇形の診断およびマネージメント diagnosis and management of congenital anomalies of the vagina
4. 女性における尿生殖路瘻 urogenital tract fistulas in women
5. 発展途上国における産科瘻孔 obstetric fistulas in resource limited settings

English Journal

Common cancer in a wild animal: the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) as an emerging model for carcinogenesis.

Browning HM1, Gulland FM2, Hammond JA3, Colegrove KM4, Hall AJ1.
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.2015 Jul 19;370(1673). pii: 20140228.
Naturally occurring cancers in non-laboratory species have great potential in helping to decipher the often complex causes of neoplasia. Wild animal models could add substantially to our understanding of carcinogenesis, particularly of genetic and environmental interactions, but they are currently u
PMID 26056370

What part does mesh play in urogenital prolapse management today?

Costantini E1, Lazzeri M.
Current opinion in urology.Curr Opin Urol.2015 Jul;25(4):300-4. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000177.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present review examines the pros and cons of the controversial role of mesh in the management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). With a view to understanding where we are going, we analyzed recent data, highlighting the most important and interesting articles that were published
PMID 26049872

Comparison of TVT and TOT on urethral mobility and surgical outcomes in stress urinary incontinence with hypermobile urethra.

Cavkaytar S1, Kokanalı MK2, Guzel AI1, Ozer I1, Aksakal OS1, Doganay M1.
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology.Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol.2015 Jul;190:36-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the change of urethral mobility after midurethral sling procedures in stress urinary incontinence with hypermobile urethra and assess these findings with surgical outcomes.STUDY DESIGN: 141 women who agreed to undergo midurethral sling operations due to stress urinary incontine
PMID 25966437

Japanese Journal

泌尿生殖器の先天奇形を合併した腟明細胞腺癌の1例

田中絢香,吉村明彦,小泉花織,中村幸司,渡邊慶子,島津美紀,中辻友希,増原完治,信永敏克
産婦人科の進歩 65(1), 20-25, 2013
原発性腟癌は婦人科悪性腫瘍のなかでもまれな疾患で，欧米では腟明細胞腺癌は子宮内でジエチルスチルベストロールdiethylstilbestrol（DES）に曝露された若年女性に関連して発生することが報告されている．今回われわれは，DESの曝露歴がないにもかかわらず，左腎無形成と重複子宮といった泌尿生殖器の先天奇形を伴った腟明細胞腺癌の1例を経験したのでここに報告する．症例は60歳女性，2年前から不正 …
NAID 130003362647