鼓室
WordNet
- soft decayed area in a tooth; progressive decay can lead to the death of a tooth (同)caries, dental_caries, tooth decay
- space that is surrounded by something (同)enclosed space
- (anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body (同)bodily cavity, cavum
- resembling a drum
- associated with the eardrum
PrepTutorEJDIC
- へこみ,くぼみ,空洞 / 虫歯の穴 / (人体内の)腔(こう)
- =timpani
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/12/15 05:12:15」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Tympanic cavity |
Malleus
Tensor tympani
Incus
Stapedius
Labyrinth
Stapes
Auditory canal
Tympanic membrane
(Ear drum)
Eustachian tube
Tympanic cavity
Bones and muscles in the tympanic cavity in the middle ear
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The cochlea and vestibule, viewed from above. (Tympanic cavity labeled at upper right.)
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| Details |
| Precursor |
first pharyngeal pouch |
| Artery |
stylomastoid artery |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
cavitas tympani |
| TA |
A15.3.02.002 |
| FMA |
56461 |
| Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
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The tympanic cavity is a small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear.
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 1.1 Walls
- 1.2 Development
- 2 Clinical significance
- 3 Additional images
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Structure
On its lateral surface, it abuts the external auditory meatus from which it is separated by the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
Walls
The tympanic cavity is bounded by:
- Facing the inner ear, the medial wall (or labyrinthic wall, labyrinthine wall) is vertical, and has the oval window and round window, the promontory, and the prominence of the facial canal.
- Facing the outer ear, the lateral wall (or membranous wall), is formed mainly by the tympanic membrane, partly by the ring of bone into which this membrane is inserted. This ring of bone is incomplete at its upper part, forming a notch (notch of Rivinus), close to which are three small apertures: the "iter chordæ posterius", the petrotympanic fissure, and the "iter chordæ anterius". The iter chordæ posterius (apertura tympanica canaliculi chordæ) is situated in the angle of junction between the mastoid and membranous wall of tympanic cavity immediately behind the tympanic membrane and on a level with the upper end of the manubrium of the malleus; it leads into a minute canal, which descends in front of the canal for the facial nerve, and ends in that canal near the stylo-mastoid foramen. Through it the chorda tympani nerve enters the tympanic cavity. The petrotympanic fissure opens just above and in front of the ring of bone into which the tympanic membrane is inserted; in this situation it is a mere slit about 2 mm. in length. It lodges the anterior process and anterior ligament of the malleus, and gives passage to the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary artery. The iter chordæ anterius (canal of Huguier) is placed at the medial end of the petrotympanic fissure; through it the chorda tympani nerve leaves the tympanic cavity.
- The roof of the cavity (also called the tegmental wall, tegmental roof or tegmentum tympani) is formed by a thin plate of bone, the tegmen tympani, which separates the cranial and tympanic cavities. It is situated on the anterior (frontal) surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone close to its angle of junction with the squama temporalis; it is prolonged backward so as to roof in the tympanic antrum, and forward to cover in the semicanal for the tensor tympani muscle. Its lateral edge corresponds with the remains of the petrosquamous suture.[1] The Atticus is the part of the tegmentum tympani where the stapes and incus are attached.
- The floor of the cavity (also called the jugular wall) is narrow, and consists of a thin plate of bone (fundus tympani) which separates the tympanic cavity from the jugular fossa. It presents, near the labyrinthic wall, a small aperture for the passage of the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.
- The posterior wall (or mastoid wall) is wider above than below, and presents for examination the entrance to the tympanic antrum, the pyramidal eminence, and the fossa incudis.
- The anterior wall (or carotid wall) is wider above than below; it corresponds with the carotid canal, from which it is separated by a thin plate of bone perforated by the tympanic branch of the internal carotid artery, and by the deep petrosal nerve which connects the sympathetic plexus on the internal carotid artery with the tympanic plexus on the promontory. At the upper part of the anterior wall are the orifice of the semicanal for the Tensor tympani muscle and the tympanic orifice of the auditory tube, separated from each other by a thin horizontal plate of bone, the septum canalis musculotubarii. These canals run from the tympanic cavity forward and downward to the retiring angle between the squama and the petrous portion of the temporal bone.
Development
It is formed from the tubotympanic recess, an expansion of the first pharyngeal pouch.
Clinical significance
If damaged, the tympanic membrane can be repaired in a procedure called tympanoplasty.
Should fluid accumulate within the middle ear as the result of infection or for some other reason, it can be drained by puncturing the tympanic membrane with a large bore needle (tympanocentesis).
Additional images
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External and middle ear, opened from the front. Right side.
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Horizontal section through left ear; upper half of section.
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Tympanic cavity. Facial canal. Internal carotid artery.
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Auditory ossicles. Tympanic cavity. Deep dissection.
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ Public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy
External links
- Dartmouth.edu
- Thefreedictionary.com
- Education.yahoo.com
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Anatomy of hearing and balance
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| Outer ear |
- Auricle
- helix
- antihelix
- tragus
- antitragus
- intertragic notch
- earlobe
- Ear canal
- Auricular muscles
- Eardrum
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| Middle ear |
| Tympanic cavity |
- Medial structures
- oval window
- round window
- secondary tympanic membrane
- prominence of facial canal
- promontory of tympanic cavity
- Posterior structures
- mastoid cells
- aditus to mastoid antrum
- pyramidal eminence
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| Ossicles |
- Malleus
- superior ligament
- lateral ligament
- anterior ligament
- Incus
- superior ligament
- posterior ligament
- Stapes
- Muscles
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Auditory tube /
Eustachian tube |
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Inner ear/
(membranous labyrinth,
bony labyrinth) |
Auditory system/
Cochlear labyrinth |
| General cochlea |
- Vestibular duct
- Helicotrema
- Tympanic duct
- Modiolus
- Cochlear cupula
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| Perilymphatic space |
- Perilymph
- Cochlear aqueduct
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Cochlear duct /
scala media |
- Reissner's/vestibular membrane
- Basilar membrane
- Reticular membrane
- Endolymph
- Stria vascularis
- Spiral ligament
- Organ of Corti
- Tectorial membrane
- Sulcus spiralis
- Spiral limbus
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| Cells |
- Claudius cell
- Boettcher cell
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Vestibular system/
Vestibular labyrinth |
| Vestibule |
- Utricle
- Saccule
- Kinocilium
- Otolith
- Vestibular aqueduct
- endolymphatic duct
- endolymphatic sac
- Ductus reuniens
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| Semicircular canals |
- Superior semicircular canal
- Posterior semicircular canal
- Horizontal semicircular canal
- Ampullary cupula
- Ampullae
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Does the type of rhinitis influence development of otitis media with effusion in children?
- Quaranta N1, Iannuzzi L, Gelardi M.
- Current allergy and asthma reports.Curr Allergy Asthma Rep.2014 Nov;14(11):472. doi: 10.1007/s11882-014-0472-2.
- Otitis media with effusion (OME) is characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear cavity behind an intact eardrum and is considered a multifactorial condition with Eustachian tube dysfunction as the underlying pathophysiologic condition. One of the most debated causes of OME is allergy, i
- PMID 25183363
- Five-year prospective study of paediatric acute otitis media in Rochester, NY: modelling analysis of the risk of pneumococcal colonization in the nasopharynx and infection.
- Friedel V1, Zilora S2, Bogaard D2, Casey JR1, Pichichero ME1.
- Epidemiology and infection.Epidemiol Infect.2014 Oct;142(10):2186-94. doi: 10.1017/S0950268813003178. Epub 2013 Dec 17.
- SUMMARY During a 5-year prospective study of nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization and acute otitis media (AOM) infections in children during the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) era (July 2006-June 2011) we studied risk factors for NP colonization and AOM. NP samples were collected at ages
- PMID 24480055
- A new grafting technique for tympanoplasty: tympanoplasty with a boomerang-shaped chondroperichondrial graft (TwBSCPG).
- Dündar R1, Soy FK, Kulduk E, Muluk NB, Cingi C.
- European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.2014 Oct;271(10):2687-94. doi: 10.1007/s00405-013-2764-x. Epub 2013 Oct 16.
- The aim of this study was to introduce a new grafting technique in tympanoplasty that involves use of a boomerang-shaped chondroperichondrial graft (BSCPG). The anatomical and functional results were evaluated. A new tympanoplasty with boomerang-shaped chondroperichondrial graft (TwBSCPG) technique
- PMID 24129694
Japanese Journal
- 長期間未治療となっていた中耳真珠腫術後再発の 2 例
- 当科における小児先天性真珠腫に対する術式の変遷と術式選択の検討
- Tympanoplasty for the Lateralized Tympanic Membrane
Related Links
- cavity [kav´ĭ-te] 1. a hollow or space, or a potential space, within the body or one of its organs; called also caverna and cavum. 2. the lesion produced by dental caries. Cavities in the body. From Applegate, 2000. abdominal cavity the ...
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Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- tympanic cavity
- ラ
- cavum tympani
- 関
- 中耳、内耳
- 中耳のうち時間を除いた部分
- 外壁の鼓膜と内壁の前庭窓を連絡する耳小骨が存在する。
[★]
[★]
- 関
- chorda tympani
[★]
- 関
- tympanum