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the inner and thicker of the two bones of the human leg between the knee and ankle (同)shinbone, shin_bone, shin

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脛骨

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/17 17:19:06」(JST)

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The tuberosity of the tibia or tibial tuberosity or tibial tubercle is a large oblong elevation on the proximal, anterior aspect of the tibia, just below where the anterior surfaces of the lateral and medial tibial condyles end.

Structure

It gives attachment to the patellar ligament, which attaches to the patella from where the suprapatellar ligament forms the distal tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscles. The quadriceps muscles consist of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These quadriceps muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve.^[1] The tibial tuberosity thus forms the terminal part of the large structure that acts as a lever to extend the knee-joint and prevents the knee from collapsing when the foot strikes the ground.^[1] The two ligaments, the patella, and the tibial tuberosity are all superficial, easily palpable structures.^[2]

Fractures

Tibial tuberosity fractures are infrequent fractures, most common in adolescents. In running and jumping movements, extreme contraction of the knee extensors can result in avulsion fractures of the tuberosity apophysis.^[3] A cast is all that is required if the fragment is not displaced from its normal position on the tibia. However, if the fracture fragment is displaced, then surgery is necessary to allow for normal function.^[4]

Additional images

Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface.
Front and medial aspect of right thigh.

Notes

^ ^a ^b [1], KneeHipPain (1998)
^ Cipriano (2002), p 356
^ Lau & Ramachandran (2006)
^ [2], Arthroscopy
^ [3], Knee Exam.

References

Cipriano, Joseph J. (2002). Photographic Manual of Regional Orthopaedic and Neurological Tests. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-3552-1.
Lau, Kelvin; Ramachandran, Manoj (2006). "Tibial Tubercle Fracture". eMedicine. Retrieved December 2008.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Spontaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tuberositas tibiae in a New Zealand White rabbit - a counterpart to Osgood-Schlatter disease in humans?

Nehrbass D1, Arens D2, Zeiter S2.
Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft für Toxikologische Pathologie.Exp Toxicol Pathol.2015 Feb;67(2):223-7. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.10.008. Epub 2014 Nov 28.
The first reported case describing a spontaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tuberositas tibiae in a New Zealand White rabbit is presented. So far in animals, this condition has been only described in dogs and horses. In humans, this condition is also called Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) or
PMID 25435475

Geometric analysis of medio-lateral position of patella: a new measuring tool.

Aynur O1, Ilhan O, Vedat S, Mehmet C.
Nigerian journal of clinical practice.Niger J Clin Pract.2014 Sep-Oct;17(5):549-54. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.141415.
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of medio-lateral position of patella is necessary for diagnosis and treatment of patellofemoral diseases.OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate medio-lateral patellar position differences and to define a new practical measuring tool which enables us to analyze r
PMID 25244261

[Diagnostic and therapeutic management of primary and recurrent patellar dislocations - analysis of a nationwide survey and the current literature].

Hohlweck J1, Quack V, Arbab D, Spreckelsen C, Tingart M, Lüring C, Rath B.
Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie.Z Orthop Unfall.2013 Aug;151(4):380-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1328692. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
AIM: Patellar dislocations are a common injury of the knee joint. During patella dislocations injuries of soft-tissue structures can occur that can destabilise the patella and lead to recurrent dislocations. There are also congenital pathologies that predispose to patella dislocations. In the curren
PMID 23963985

Japanese Journal

高齢者に生じた膝蓋腱断裂の２症例

後藤剛,古江幸博,佐々木誠人,永芳郁文,本山達男,南達也,川嶌眞之,川嶌眞人,田村裕昭
整形外科と災害外科 56(3), 414-417, 2007
合併症をもたない高齢者の膝蓋腱断裂の症例を2例経験したので報告する．〈症例1〉72歳，女性．階段を1段踏み外した際に受傷した．膝蓋腱実質部での断裂に対して，腱の縫合，半腱様筋腱での補強，膝蓋骨・脛骨間をワイヤーで固定した．〈症例2〉72歳，女性．歩行中に段差につまずき受傷した．膝蓋腱は浅層・深層の2層に分かれており，それぞれ脛骨粗面，膝蓋骨付着部で断裂していた．浅層は脛骨粗面に，深層は膝蓋骨へ引き …
NAID 130004910149

ラット足三里穴(ST36)の部位に関する文献研究

郡司弘子,石井昌明,東眞美
大阪教育大学紀要. 第III部門, 自然科学・応用科学 54(2), 13-23, 2006-02-28
鍼灸医学の基礎研究で最も多く用いられているラットの経穴について,ヒト経穴との部位と生理反応の整合性は検証されていない。そこで,医学情報検索システム『PubMed』より,過去にラット「足三里(ST36)」を研究に用いた原著文献98件を収集し,経穴部位の表記と生理反応について調べた。その結果,30文献で足三里部位の記述があったが,位置を特定する基準が脛骨粗面・腓骨頭・膝関節などばらつきがあり,これら基 …
NAID 110004867616

Pre- and Postnatal Development of Tuberositas Tibiae and Articular Cartilage of the Rat

Tanaka Toshitsugu
Nagoya medical journal 41(2), 75-85, 1997-06
NAID 110000023794

「脛骨粗面」

Tuberosity of the tibia
	Lateral aspect of right leg. (Tuberosity of tibia labeled at center right.)
	Upper surface of right tibia. (Tuberosity labeled at top.)
Details
Latin	tuberositas tibiae
Identifiers
Gray's	p.256
Dorlands; /Elsevier	t_21/12829265
TA	A02.5.06.012
FMA	35463
	Anatomical terms of bone