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a brief treatise on a subject of interest; published in the form of a booklet (同)pamphlet
an extended area of land (同)piece of land, piece of ground, parcel of land, parcel
a system of body parts that together serve some particular purpose

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広大な土地(地域),(土地・海・空などの)広がり《+of+名》 / (器官の)管,(神経の)索
(おもに宗教・政治などの宣伝用の)小冊子,パンフレット

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/19 23:16:14」(JST)

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The spinocerebellar tract is a set of axonal fibers originating in the spinal cord and terminating in the ipsilateral cerebellum. This tract conveys information to the cerebellum about length and tension of muscle fibers ((unconscious proprioceptive sensation))

Origins of proprioceptive information

Proprioceptive information is obtained by Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles.

Golgi tendon organs consist of a fibrous capsule enclosing tendon fascicles and bare nerve endings that respond to tension in the tendon by causing action potentials in Ib afferent neurons (relatively large, myelinated, quickly conducting).
Muscle spindles fibers are complicated systems of length monitoring within muscles which result in information being carried via Ia neurons (larger and faster than Ib) (from both nuclear bag fibers and nuclear chain fibers) and II neurons (solely from nuclear chain fibers).

All of these neurons are "first order" or "primary" and are sensory (and thus have their cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglion). They pass through Rexed laminae layers I-VI of the dorsal horn to form synapses with "second order" or "secondary" neurons in the layer just beneath the dorsal horn (layer VII).

Subdivisions of the tract

The tract is divided into:^[1]^{[dubious – discuss]}

Division	Peripheral Process of First Order the Neuron	Region of Innervation
dorsal (posterior) spinocerebellar tract	from muscle spindle (primarily) and golgi tendon organs	Ipsilateral Caudal Aspect of the body and legs
ventral (anterior) spinocerebellar tract	from golgi tendon organs	Ipsilateral Caudal Aspect of the body and legs
cuneocerebellar tract	from muscle spindle (primarily) and golgi tendon organs	Ipsilateral arm
rostral spinocerebellar tract	from golgi tendon organs	Ipsilateral arm

Pathway for dorsal and spinocuneocerebellar tracts

The sensory neurons synapse in an area known as Clarke's nucleus or "Clarke's column".

This is a column of relay neuron cell bodies within the medial gray matter within the spinal cord in layer VII (just beneath the dorsal horn), specifically between T1-L3. These neurons then send axons up the spinal cord, and project ipsilaterally to medial zones of the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle.

Below L3, relevant neurons pass into the fasciculus gracilis (usually associated with the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system) until L3 where they synapse with Clarke's nucleus (leading to considerable caudal enlargement).

The neurons in the accessory cuneate nucleus have axons leading to the ipsilateral cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle.

Pathway for ventral and rostral spinocerebellar tracts

Some neurons of the ventral spinocerebellar tract instead form synapses with neurons in layer VII of L4-S3. Most of these fibers cross over to the contralateral lateral funiculus via the anterior white commissure and through the superior cerebellar peduncle. The fibers then often cross over again within the cerebellum to end on the ipsilateral side. For this reason the tract is sometimes termed the "double-crosser."

The Rostral Tract synapses at the dorsal horn lamina (intermediate gray zone) of the spinal cord and ascends ipsilaterally to the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle.

References

^ Siegel, Allan, and Hreday N. Sapru. Essential Neuroscience. 2nd. Lippincott, 2011. 146-149.

External links

http://www.anatomyatlases.org/MicroscopicAnatomy/Section17/Plate17327.shtml

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English Journal

Changes in nucleus tractus spinalis nervi trigemini after temporary occlusion of aorta thoracica in dog.

Sulla I1, Santa M, Marsala J.
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In a group of seven dogs the thoracic aorta was occluded by means of tourniquet for 30 minutes. After the release of aorta the animals were left living for 6-7 days. The spinal cord and brain stem were treated by Nauta-Gygax method after sacrificing the animals, then the preterminal and terminal deg
PMID 2816172

[Experimental studies of the localization of neural centers in the ovaries and fallopian tubes in cows].

Flieger S, Boratyński Z, Welento J, Eustachiewicz R, Szalak M, Krzyzanowski J, Sławomirski J.
Polskie archiwum weterynaryjne.Pol Arch Weter.1984;24(2):261-73.
For the studies 4 sexually mature cows were used, in which ovaria and oviducts were cut out bilaterally or unilaterally. The fourth cow was the control of the experiment. The operated animals were kept alive for 21 days and then slaughtered. For studies were taken: the brain stem, spinal cord from t
PMID 6537495

[Observations on the Tractus spinocerebellaris in the donkey (Asinus asinus)].

Barone R, Lazard P.
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PMID 4820610

Japanese Journal

Huntington舞踏病の病理解剖学的研究

高山宜夫,タカヤマヨシオ,TAKAYAMA YOSHIO
千葉医学会雑誌 34(4), 895-915, 1958-11-28
… Ruckenmark : In der Peripherie des Seiten- und Vorderstrangs, Goll'schen Strangs, des Tractus spinocerebellaris, Tractus rubrospinalis und Pyramidenseitenstrangs wurde Markfaserlichtung nachgewiesen. …
NAID 110007345668

人体に於ける脊髄小脳路(Tractus spinocerebellaris)の小脳内終末に就て

平手秀夫,Hirate Hideo
十全医学会雑誌 54(1・2・3), 176-191, 1952-08
NAID 120001938562

鳥類ノ小腦脊髓路ニ就テ

桑原弼
岡山医学会雑誌 39(446), 347-354, 1927-03-31
… auf demselben Weg mit Tractus spinocerebellaris. … Sie begeben sich von der ventromedialen Seite der grauen Kerne des Kleinhirns ventrolateralwärts (Fig.1 a) und erreichen die laterale periphere Partie der Medulla oblongata, wo sie auf demselben Wege mit dem Tractus spino-cerebellaris nach unten absteigen. …
NAID 120003644307

「脊髄小脳路」

Spinocerebellar tract
	Spinocerebellar tracts are labeled in blue at right.
Details
Latin	Tractus spinocerebellaris
Identifiers
NeuroNames	ancil-2137625602
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]