関: frog

WordNet

hunt frogs for food
any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species (同)toad, toad frog, anuran, batrachian, salientian
a decorative loop of braid or cord
a person of French descent (同)Gaul
common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America (同)butter-and-eggs, wild snapdragon, devil''s flax, Linaria vulgaris
a uniformly warty stocky toad of washes and streams of semiarid southwestern United States (同)Bufo microscaphus
nocturnal burrowing toad of mesquite woodland and prairies of the United States southwest (同)Bufo speciosus
low-growing annual rush of damp low-lying ground; nearly cosmopolitan (同)Juncus bufonius
small green or yellow-green toad with small black bars and stripes (同)Bufo debilis

PrepTutorEJDIC

ヒキガェル,大形のカエル
『カエル』
フロッグ(上着の胸につける装飾的なひもとボタンによる留め具)
《方向》(1)(到着の意を含めて)…『へ』,に,まで / 《状況の変化》…[のほう]へ;…に[なるまで],その結果…になる / 《適用範囲》(1)《動詞に伴って》『…に対して』,に,へ / (2)《形容詞[句]・[代]名倍に伴って》『…に対して』 / 《程度・範囲》『…[に至る]まで』 / 《時間の終り》『…まで』(till) / 《to one's+『名』の形で》(…が)『…したことに[は]』 / 《比較・対比・割合》『…と比べて』,より,に対して / 《一致・適合》『…に合わせて』,に合って,に応じて / 《目的・意図》『…のために』 / 《運命・境遇》『…に』 / 《所属・関係》『…へ』,に[対して] / 《付加・付着・固執》『…に』 / 《対立・対向》…に[対して] / いつもの状態(位置)に / 停止(閉鎖)の状態に / 活動状態に(へ),仕事に
《名詞的用法》『…すること』 / 《形容詞的用法》『…するための,すべき』 / 《副詞的用法》『…するために』,して,するとは,すれば / 《独立用法》 / 《文全体を修飾する慣用語句》…すれば,してみると,…だが / 短縮文

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/04 03:50:54」(JST)

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A "fire-bellied toad", Bombina bombina

A toad is any of a number of species of amphibians in the order Anura (frogs) characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and snout-like parotoid glands.^{[citation needed]}

Biology

A distinction between frogs and toads is not made in taxonomy, but is common in popular culture, in which toads are associated with drier skin and more terrestrial habitats than animals commonly called frogs.^[1] In taxonomy, toads are found in the families Bufonidae, Bombinatoridae, Discoglossidae, Pelobatidae, Rhinophrynidae, Scaphiopodidae, and Microhylidae.^[2] A group of toads is called a knot.^[3]

The bumps on a toad's skin help the animal to blend into its environment visually by breaking up its outline.^{[citation needed]} Although the parotoid glands are sometimes referred to as "warts", they are present on healthy specimens and are not a result of infection.^[4]

References

^ "Toad". Dictionary.com, LLC. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
^ "Anura, Taxonomic Serial No.: 173423". ITIS Report. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
^ Fellows, Dave (29 September 2006). "Animal Congregations, or What Do You Call a Group of.....?". United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
^ Ray, Crystal. "Do Toads Really Cause Warts". Yahoo!. Retrieved 29 January 2013.

External links

Look up toad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Toad.

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Toad". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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English Journal

Active foraging for toxic prey during gestation in a snake with maternal provisioning of sequestered chemical defences.

Kojima Y1, Mori A2.
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society.Proc Biol Sci.2015 Jan 7;282(1798). pii: 20142137. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2137.
Many animals sequester dietary defensive compounds and incorporate them into the offspring, which protects the young against predation. One possible but poorly investigated question is whether females of such species actively prey upon toxic diets. The snake Rhabdophis tigrinus sequesters defensive
PMID 25392472

Analysis of heart rate control to assess thermal sensitivity responses in Brazilian toads.

Natali JE, Santos BT, Rodrigues VH, Chauí-Berlinck JG.
Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas / Sociedade Brasileira de Biofisica ... [et al.].Braz J Med Biol Res.2015 Jan;48(1):46-50. Epub 2014 Oct 24.
In anurans, changes in ambient temperature influence body temperature and, therefore, energy consumption. These changes ultimately affect energy supply and, consequently, heart rate (HR). Typically, anurans living in different thermal environments have different thermal sensitivities, and these cann
PMID 25493382

Temperature effects on baroreflex control of heart rate in the toad, Rhinella schneideri.

Zena LA1, Gargaglioni LH1, Bícego KC2.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol.2015 Jan;179:81-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.09.027. Epub 2014 Sep 28.
For an adequate blood supply to support metabolic demands, vertebrates regulate blood pressure to maintain sufficient perfusion to avoid ischemia and other tissue damage like edema. Using a pharmacological approach (phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside) we investigated baroreflex sensitivity at 15
PMID 25263128