関: last loculus

WordNet

relating to or occurring in a term or fixed period of time; "terminal examinations"; "terminal payments"
a contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves (同)pole
station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods (同)terminus, depot
electronic equipment consisting of a device providing access to a computer; has a keyboard and display
being or situated at an end; "the endmost pillar"; "terminal buds on a branch"; "a terminal station"; "the terminal syllable"
causing or ending in or approaching death; "a terminal patient"; "terminal cancer"
of or relating to or situated at the ends of a delivery route; "freight pickup is a terminal service"; "terminal charges"
a chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps it to the arteries (同)heart_ventricle
one of four connected cavities in the brain; is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord and contains cerebrospinal fluid

PrepTutorEJDIC

『終りの』,末端の / 毎期の,定期の;学期末の / 『死に至る』, / 末端 / (電池の)端子 / (町の中心に近い)空港バス発着場;(一般に,鉄道・バスの)終点,終着駅
(脳髄・喉頭などの)室,空洞,(心臓の)心室

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/10/21 17:48:53」(JST)

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The central canal, also known as ependymal canal, is the cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord. The central canal is continuous with the ventricular system of the brain. The fourth ventricle narrows at a region called the obex to become the central canal of the spinal cord. The central canal helps to transport nutrients to the spinal cord as well as protect it by cushioning the impact of a force when the spine is affected

The central canal represents the adult remainder of the central cavity of the neural tube. It generally occludes (closes off) with age.^[1]

Structure

Clinical significance

Syringomyelia is a disease caused by the occlusion of the central canal. Occlusions of the central canal typically occur at the lower cervical and upper thoracic levels. This typically damages white matter fibers that cross in anterior white commissure, leading to the loss of temperature, pain, and motor function at the affected levels on contralateral sides.

Terminal ventricle

The terminal ventricle (ventriculus terminalis, fifth ventricle or ampulla caudalis) is the widest part of the central canal of the spinal cord that is located at or near the conus medullaris.^[2] It was described by Stilling in 1859 and Krause in 1875.^[3] Krause introduced the term fifth ventricle after observation of normal ependymal cells.^[3] The central canal expands as a fusiform terminal ventricle, and approximately 8–10 mm in length in the conus medullaris (or conus terminalis).^[4] Although the terminal ventricle is visible in the fetus and children, it is usually absent in adults.^[2]

Sometimes, the terminal ventricle is observed by MRI or Sonography in children less than 5 years old.^[5] An MRI scan can be particularly helpful in its detection.

In pathological conditions, an MRI is useful at the level of the conus medullaris. Findings may be related to the following:

Spina bifida
Arnold-Chiari syndrome
Tumors of the conus medullaris
Myelomeningocele
Syringomyelia
Hydromyelia. In hydromyelia, a dilation of the central canal of the spinal cord is caused by an increase of cerebrospinal fluid.^[6]
Syringohydromyelia (i.e., both Syringomyelia and Hydromyelia)^[6]
Tethered cord

In some cases, the terminal ventricle may cause clinical symptoms due to its expansion.

Central gelatinous substance

Throughout the cervical and thoracic regions the central canal is situated in the anterior third of the spinal cord; in the lumbar enlargement it is near the middle, and in the conus medullaris it approaches the posterior surface. It is filled with cerebrospinal fluid, and lined by ciliated, columnar epithelium, outside of which is an encircling band of gelatinous substance, the substantia gelatinosa centralis (or central gelatinous substance of spinal cord). This gelatinous substance consists mainly of neuroglia, but contains a few nerve cells and fibers; it is traversed by processes from the deep ends of the columnar ciliated cells which line the central canal.

It should not be confused with the Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando, which is located more dorsally.

References

^ Yasui K, Hashizume Y, Yoshida M, Kameyama T, Sobue G (1999). "Age-related morphologic changes of the central canal of the human spinal cord". Acta Neuropathol. 97 (3): 253–9. PMID 10090672. doi:10.1007/s004010050982.
^ ^a ^b "ventriculus terminalis". |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)^{[unreliable source?]}
^ ^a ^b Liccardo G, Ruggeri F, De Cerchio L, Floris R, Lunardi P (June 2005). "Fifth ventricle: an unusual cystic lesion of the conus medullaris". Spinal Cord. 43 (6): 381–4. PMID 15655569. doi:10.1038/sj.sc.3101712.
^ Williams & Warwick. Gray's Anatomy .THIRTY-SEVENTH EDITION.ISBN 0 443 04177 6^{[page needed]}
^ Celli P, D'Andrea G, Trillò G, Roperto R, Acqui M, Ferrante L (March 2002). "Cyst of the medullary conus: malformative persistence of terminal ventricle or compressive dilatation?". Neurosurgical Review. 25 (1–2): 103–6. PMID 11954762. doi:10.1007/s10143-001-0203-8.
^ ^a ^b "imaging in syringohydromyelia". |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

"Anatomy diagram: 13048.000-3". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2014-01-01.
ancil-993 at NeuroNames

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Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「終室」「last loculus」
関連記事	「terminal」「ventricle」

「終室」

Central gelatinous substance of spinal cord
	Substantia gelatinosa centralis is Rexed lamina X, labeled at center.
Details
Identifiers
Latin	substantia gelatinosa centralis medullae spinalis
MeSH	A08.186.854.610.800
Dorlands; /Elsevier	s_27/12766744
TA	A14.1.02.019
FMA	78497
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

Central canal of spinal cord
	Cross-section through cervical spinal cord.
Details
Identifiers
Latin	canalis centralis medullae spinalis
Dorlands; /Elsevier	c_04/12208559
TA	A14.1.02.019
FMA	78497
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]