関: recombinant vaccine

WordNet

systematic combining of root and modifying elements into single words
a compound made artificially by chemical reactions (同)synthetic substance
involving or of the nature of synthesis (combining separate elements to form a coherent whole) as opposed to analysis; "limnology is essentially a synthetic science composed of elements...that extend well beyond the limits of biology"- P.S.Welch (同)synthetical
of a proposition whose truth value is determined by observation or facts; "`all men are arrogant is a synthetic proposition" (同)synthetical
not genuine or natural; "counterfeit rhetoric that flourishes when passions are synthetic"- George Will
immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies (同)vaccinum

PrepTutorEJDIC

総合の,統合的な / 合成の,人造の / にせの,作りごとの / (言語が)総合的な(統語的関係を表すのに,独立した語より屈折形を広く用いるもの) / 合成品,人造物
牛痘種,痘苗(牛痘を起こすビールスで,天然痘予防のために人体に接種される) / (伝染病の病原菌から作った)ワクチン

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/09/20 18:40:38」(JST)

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A synthetic vaccine is a vaccine consisting mainly of synthetic peptides, carbohydrates, or antigens. They are usually considered to be safer than vaccines from bacterial cultures. Creating vaccines synthetically has the ability to increase the speed of production. This is especially important in the event of a pandemic.

History

The world's first synthetic vaccine was created in 1982 from diphtheria toxin by Louis Chedid (scientist) from the Pasteur Institute and Michael Sela from the Weizmann Institute.^{[citation needed]}

In 1986, Manuel Elkin Patarroyo created the SPf66, the first version of a synthetic vaccine for Malaria.^{[citation needed]}

During the H1N1 outbreak in 2009, vaccines only became available in large quantities after the peak of human infections. This was a learning experience for vaccination companies. Novartis Vaccine and Diagnostics, among other companies, developed a synthetic approach that very rapidly generates vaccine viruses from sequence data in order to be able to administer vaccinations early in the pandemic outbreak. Philip Dormatizer, the leader of viral vaccine research at Novartis, says they have "developed a way of chemically synthesizing virus genomes and growing them in tissue culture cells".^[1]

Phase I data of UB-311, a synthetic peptide vaccine targeting amyloid beta, showed that the drug was able to generate antibodies to specific amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils with no decrease in antibody levels in patients of advanced age. Results from the Phase II trial are expected in the second half of 2018.^[2]^[3]

References

^ Young Rojahn, Susan (May 14, 2013). "Synthetic Biology Could Speed Flu Vaccine Production". MIT Technology Review.
^ http://www.bioworld.com/content/alz-players-stand-united-new-beta-bids-also-fall^{[full citation needed]}
^ Wang, Chang Yi; Wang, Pei-Ning; Chiu, Ming-Jang; Finstad, Connie L; Lin, Feng; Lynn, Shugene; Tai, Yuan-Hung; De Fang, Xin; Zhao, Kesheng; Hung, Chung-Ho; Tseng, Yiting; Peng, Wen-Jiun; Wang, Jason; Yu, Chih-Chieh; Kuo, Be-Sheng; Frohna, Paul A (2017). "UB-311, a novel UBITh ® amyloid β peptide vaccine for mild Alzheimer's disease". Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions. 3 (2): 262–272. doi:10.1016/j.trci.2017.03.005. PMC 5651432 . PMID 29067332.

External links

Article on synthetic Hib vaccine
CRISP Thesaurus entry on Synthetic Vaccines
Web Health Centre: History of Vaccines

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1. 健康成人における予防接種に対するアプローチ approach to immunizations in healthy adults
2. 旅行者のための予防接種 immunizations for travel
3. 小児および思春期における標準的予防接種 standard immunizations for children and adolescents
4. 予防接種に対するアレルギー反応 allergic reactions to vaccines
5. B型肝炎ウイルスワクチン hepatitis b virus vaccination

English Journal

Valency and density matter: Deciphering impacts of immunogen structures on immune responses against a tumor associated carbohydrate antigen using synthetic glycopolymers.

Qin Q1, Yin Z1, Wu X1, Haas KM2, Huang X3.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2016 Sep;101:189-98. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.050. Epub 2016 Jun 2.
For successful carbohydrate based anti-cancer vaccines, it is critical that B cells are activated to secret antibodies targeting the tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs). Despite the availability of many TACA based constructs, systematic understanding of the effects of structural features
PMID 27294537

Safety, immune and clinical responses in metastatic melanoma patients vaccinated with a long peptide derived from indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in combination with ipilimumab.

Bjoern J1, Iversen TZ2, Nitschke NJ3, Andersen MH3, Svane IM4.
Cytotherapy.Cytotherapy.2016 Aug;18(8):1043-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.05.010.
BACKGROUND AIM: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an emerging new target in cancer therapy that can be targeted with active immunotherapy (e.g. through peptide vaccination). Furthermore, IDO has been identified as a key mechanism underlying resistance to treatment with the checkpoint blocking ant
PMID 27378345

The preparation and characterization of PLG nanoparticles with an entrapped synthetic TLR7 agonist and their preclinical evaluation as adjuvant for an adsorbed DTaP vaccine.

Bruno C1, Agnolon V2, Berti F3, Bufali S4, O'Hagan DT5, Baudner BC6.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V.Eur J Pharm Biopharm.2016 Aug;105:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 17.
The design of safe and potent adjuvants able to enhance and modulate antigen-specific immunity is of great interest for vaccine research and development. In the present study, negatively charged poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) nanoparticles have been combined with a synthetic immunepotentiator mole
PMID 27224856