WordNet

use wrongly or improperly or excessively; "Her husband often abuses alcohol"; "while she was pregnant, she abused drugs"
use foul or abusive language towards; "The actress abused the policeman who gave her a parking ticket"; "The angry mother shouted at the teacher" (同)clapperclaw, blackguard, shout
a rude expression intended to offend or hurt; "when a student made a stupid mistake he spared them no abuse"; "they yelled insults at the visiting team" (同)insult, revilement, contumely, vilification
of or relating to or characterized by sexuality; "sexual orientation"; "sexual distinctions"
having or involving sex; "sexual reproduction"; "sexual spores"
used improperly or excessively especially drugs; "an abused substance"
subjected to cruel treatment; "an abused wife" (同)ill-treated, maltreated, mistreated

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉〈C〉(自分の,あるいは人の権利などの)『乱用』,悪用《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》悪習,悪弊 / 〈U〉『悪口』,悪態,ののしり / 〈地位・権力など〉'を'『乱用する』,悪用する / …'を'『虐待する』(maltreat),酷使する / …'を'『ののしる』,‘の'悪口をいう
性の,男女(雌雄)の / 有性生殖の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/24 11:09:55」(JST)

wiki en

Sexual abuse, also referred to as molestation, is forcing undesired sexual behavior by one person upon another. When that force is immediate, of short duration, or infrequent, it is called sexual assault. The offender is referred to as a sexual abuser or (often pejoratively) molester.^[1] The term also covers any behavior by any adult towards a child to stimulate either the adult or child sexually. When the victim is younger than the age of consent, it is referred to as child sexual abuse.

Spousal sexual abuse

Spousal sexual abuse is a form of domestic violence. When the abuse involves forced sex, it may constitute rape upon the other spouse, depending on the jurisdiction, and may also constitute an assault.

Positions of power

Sexual misconduct can occur where one person uses a position of authority to compel another person to engage in an otherwise unwanted sexual activity. For example, sexual harassment in the workplace might involve an employee being coerced into a sexual situation out of fear of being dismissed. Sexual harassment in education might involve a student submitting to the sexual advances of a person in authority in fear of being punished, for example by being given a failing grade.

Several sexual abuse scandals have involved abuse of religious authority and often cover-up among non-abusers, including cases in the Southern Baptist religion,^[2] Catholic Church, Episcopalian religion,^[3] Islam,^[4] Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran church,^[5] Methodist Church,^[6] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,^[7] the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Orthodox Judaism,^[8] other branches of Judaism,^[9] and various cults.

Child sexual abuse

Child sexual abuse is a form of child abuse in which a child is abused for the sexual gratification of an adult or older adolescent.^[10]^[11] It includes direct sexual contact, the adult or otherwise older person engaging indecent exposure (of the genitals, female nipples, etc.) to a child with intent to gratify their own sexual desires or to intimidate or groom the child, asking or pressuring a child to engage in sexual activities, displaying pornography to a child, or using a child to produce child pornography.^[10]^[12]^[13]

Effects of child sexual abuse include shame and self-blame,^[14] depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, self-esteem issues, sexual dysfunction, chronic pelvic pain, addiction, self-injury, suicidal ideation, borderline personality disorder, and propensity to re-victimization in adulthood.^[15] Child sexual abuse is a risk factor for attempting suicide.^[16] Much of the harm caused to victims becomes apparent years after the abuse happens.

Sexual abuse by a family member is a form of incest, and results in more serious and long-term psychological trauma, especially in the case of parental incest.^[17]

Globally, approximately 18–19% of women and 8% of men disclose being sexually abused when they were children.^[18]^[19] The gender gap may be caused by higher victimization of girls, lower willingness of men to disclose abuse, or both.^[18] Most sexual abuse offenders are acquainted with their victims; approximately 30% are relatives of the child, most often fathers, uncles or cousins; around 60% are other acquaintances such as friends of the family, babysitters, or neighbors; strangers are the offenders in approximately 10% of child sexual abuse cases. Most child sexual abuse is committed by men; women commit approximately 14% of offenses reported against boys and 6% of offenses reported against girls.^[20] Child sexual abuse offenders are not pedophiles unless they have a primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children.^[21]

Sexual abuse of people with developmental disabilities

People with developmental disabilities are often victims of sexual abuse. According to research, people with disabilities are at a greater risk for victimization of sexual assault or sexual abuse because of lack of understanding (Sobsey & Varnhagen, 1989). The rate of sexual abuse happening to people with disabilities is shocking, yet most of these cases will go unnoticed.

Sexual abuse and minorities

Sexual abuse is a problem in some minority communities. In 2007, a number of Hispanic victims were included in the settlement of a massive sexual abuse case involving the Los Angeles archdiocese of the Catholic Church.^[22] To address the issue of sexual abuse in the African-American community, the prestigious Leeway Foundation^[23] sponsored a grant to develop www.blacksurvivors.org,^[24] a national online support group and resource center for African-American sexual abuse survivors. The non-profit group was founded in 2008 by Sylvia Coleman, an African-American sexual abuse survivor and national sexual abuse prevention expert.

Survivor

The term survivor is sometimes used for a living victim, even of usually non-fatal harm, to honor and empower the strength of an individual to heal, in particular a living victim of sexual abuse or assault.^[25] For example, there are the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests and The Survivors Trust.

Other animals

Sexual abuse has been identified among animals as well; for example, among the Adélie penguins.^[26]

References

^ "Peer commentaries on Green (2002) and Schmidt (2002)". Archives of Sexual Behavior 31. 2002. Child molester is a pejorative term applied to both the pedophile and incest offender.
^ Stop Baptist Predators
^ Episcopalian Ministers
^ Joe Murphy (2012-05-18). "Baroness Warsi: Some Pakistani men think young white girls are "fair game" for sex abuse - Politics - News - Evening Standard". Thisislondon.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-06-02.
^ The LutheranLutheran abuse
^ Methodist abuse
^ Anderson, Lavina (1995). Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance Volume 1. ISBN 0-10-878835-0.
^ Abuse Scandal Plagues Hasidic Jews In Brooklyn by Barbara Bradley Hagerty. All Things Considered, National Public Radio. 2 February 2009.
^ Amy, Neustein, ed. (2009). Tempest in the Temple: Jewish Communities and Child Sex Scandals. Brandeis Series in American Jewish History, Culture, and Life. Waltham, Massachusetts: Brandeis University Press. ISBN 978-1-58465-671-5.
^ ^a ^b "Child Sexual Abuse". Medline Plus. U.S. National Library of Medicine,. 2008-04-02.
^ Committee on Professional Practice and Standards (COPPS), Board of Professional Affairs (BPA), American Psychological Association (APA); Catherine Acuff, Ph.D.; Steven Bisbing, Ph.D.; Michael Gottlieb, Ph.D.; Lisa Grossman, Ph.D.; Jody Porter, Ph.D.; Richard Reichbart, Ph.D.; Steven Sparta, Ph.D.; and C. Eugene Walker, Ph.D (August 1999). "Guidelines for Psychological Evaluations in Child Protection Matters". American Psychologist 54 (8): 586–593. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.8.586. PMID 10453704. Retrieved 2008-05-07. Lay summary – APA PsycNET (2008-05-07). Abuse, sexual (child): generally defined as contacts between a child and an adult or other person significantly older or in a position of power or control over the child, where the child is being used for sexual stimulation of the adult or other person.
^ Martin, J.; Anderson, J.; Romans, S.; Mullen, P; O'Shea, M (1993). "Asking about child sexual abuse: methodological implications of a two-stage survey". Child Abuse and Neglect 17 (3): 383–392. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90061-9. PMID 8330225.
^ Child sexual abuse definition from the NSPCC
^ Whiffen, V. E., & MacIntosh, H. B. (2005). "Mediators of the link between childhood sexual abuse and emotional distress: a critical review". Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 6 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1177/1524838004272543.
^ Maniglio, R. (2009). "The impact of child sexual abuse on health: A systematic review of reviews". Clinical Psychology Review 29 (7): 647–657. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.08.003.
^ Maniglio, R. (2011). "The role of child sexual abuse in the etiology of suicide and non‐suicidal self‐injury". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 124 (1): 30–41. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01612.x.
^ Courtois, Christine A. (1988). Healing the Incest Wound: Adult Survivors in Therapy. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 208. ISBN 0-393-31356-5.
^ ^a ^b Stoltenborgh, M., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Euser, E. M., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (2011). "A global perspective on child sexual abuse: meta-analysis of prevalence around the world". Child Maltreatment 16 (2): 79–101. doi:10.1177/1077559511403920.
^ Pereda, N., Guilera, G., Forns, M., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2009). "The prevalence of child sexual abuse in community and student samples: A meta-analysis". Clinical Psychology Review 29 (4): 328–338. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.02.007.
^ Whealin, Julia Whealin (2007-05-22). "Child Sexual Abuse". National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, US Department of Veterans Affairs.
^ Seto, Michael (2008). Pedophilia and Sexual Offending Against Children. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. p. vii.
^ NPR.org
^ Leeway.org
^ Blacksurvivors.org
^ "Dean of Students Office | Clark University". Clarku.edu. Retrieved 2012-06-02.
^ McKie, Robin (9 June 2012). "'Sexual depravity' of penguins that Antarctic scientist dared not reveal". Guardian.co.uk.

External links

Sexual abuse at DMOZ
Child Sexual Abuse at the National Institutes of Health

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児および思春期における性的虐待の評価 evaluation of sexual abuse in children and adolescents
2. 子供および思春期における性的虐待のマネージメントおよび後遺症 management and sequelae of sexual abuse in children and adolescents
3. 配偶者などからの暴力：診断およびスクリーニング intimate partner violence diagnosis and screening
4. 女性における慢性骨盤痛の原因 causes of chronic pelvic pain in women
5. 新生児および小児の婦人科検査 gynecologic examination of the newborn and child

English Journal

Adverse childhood experiences, gender, and HIV risk behaviors: Results from a population-based sample.

Fang L1, Chuang DM1, Lee Y2.
Preventive medicine reports.Prev Med Rep.2016 May 31;4:113-20. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.05.019. eCollection 2016.
Recent HIV research suggested assessing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as contributing factors of HIV risk behaviors. However, studies often focused on a single type of adverse experience and very few utilized population-based data. This population study examined the associations between ACE (
PMID 27413671

History of abuse and risky sex among substance users: The role of rejection sensitivity and the need to belong.

Woerner J1, Kopetz C2, Lechner WV3, Lejuez C4.
Addictive behaviors.Addict Behav.2016 Nov;62:73-8. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.006. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
This study investigates abuse and rejection sensitivity as important correlates of risky sexual behavior in the context of substance use. Victims of abuse may experience heightened sensitivity to acute social rejection and consequently engage in risky sexual behavior in an attempt to restore belongi
PMID 27344009

Childhood sexual abuse and two stages of cigarette smoking in African-American and European-American young women.

Sartor CE1, Grant JD2, Duncan AE3, McCutcheon VV2, Nelson EC2, Calvert WJ4, Madden PA2, Heath AC2, Bucholz KK2.
Addictive behaviors.Addict Behav.2016 Sep;60:131-6. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.039. Epub 2016 Apr 9.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to determine whether the higher rates of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) but lower rates of cigarette smoking in African-American vs. European-American women can be explained in part by a lower magnitude of association between CSA and smoking in African-Ameri
PMID 27131220

Japanese Journal

症例報告性的虐待から解離性同一症を発症した女子の1例

広島医学 69(8), 589-592, 2016-08
NAID 40020943676

性的虐待による被害を受けた児童に対する刑事手続上の支援 : 証言の際のセラピー犬の同伴を中心に (関静雄先生中川幾郎先生吉田和男先生退職記念号)

帝塚山法学 = Tezukayama law review (27), 101-158, 2016-03
NAID 40020814389

子ども虐待の「今」(第18回)子どもへの性暴力 : 性暴力救援センター・大阪SACHICO 5年間の活動からみえるもの

子どもの虐待とネグレクト = Japanese journal of child abuse
NAID 40020761093

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「性的虐待」「性虐待」「sex offense」
関連記事	「abuse」「sexual」

「性的虐待」

　　[★]

英: sexual abuse
関: 性虐待、性的攻撃

「性虐待」

　　[★]

英: sexual abuse
関: 性的虐待

「sex offense」

　　[★]

性的攻撃

関: sexual abuse

「abuse」

　　[★]

vt.

(才能、地位、人の好意などを)濫用する、悪用する、誤用する。(薬物などを)濫用する
虐待する、酷使する。口汚く罵る、罵倒する

n.

濫用、悪用、誤用。(薬物、酒などの)不正使用、過剰摂取、濫用。悪弊、悪習
虐待、酷使

ex.

child abuse 児童虐待、sexual abuse 性的虐待

同: substance abuse
関: dependence

「sexual」

　　[★]

adj.

性的な

関: sexually

[asb-1] "Peer commentaries on Green (2002) and Schmidt (2002)". Archives of Sexual Behavior 31. 2002. Child molester is a pejorative term applied to both the pedophile and incest offender.

[2] Stop Baptist Predators

[3] Episcopalian Ministers

[4] Joe Murphy (2012-05-18). "Baroness Warsi: Some Pakistani men think young white girls are "fair game" for sex abuse - Politics - News - Evening Standard". Thisislondon.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-06-02.

[5] The LutheranLutheran abuse

[6] Methodist abuse

[7] Anderson, Lavina (1995). Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance Volume 1. ISBN 0-10-878835-0.

[8] Abuse Scandal Plagues Hasidic Jews In Brooklyn by Barbara Bradley Hagerty. All Things Considered, National Public Radio. 2 February 2009.

[9] Amy, Neustein, ed. (2009). Tempest in the Temple: Jewish Communities and Child Sex Scandals. Brandeis Series in American Jewish History, Culture, and Life. Waltham, Massachusetts: Brandeis University Press. ISBN 978-1-58465-671-5.

[medline2008-10] "Child Sexual Abuse". Medline Plus. U.S. National Library of Medicine,. 2008-04-02.

[APA_Guidelines-11] Committee on Professional Practice and Standards (COPPS), Board of Professional Affairs (BPA), American Psychological Association (APA); Catherine Acuff, Ph.D.; Steven Bisbing, Ph.D.; Michael Gottlieb, Ph.D.; Lisa Grossman, Ph.D.; Jody Porter, Ph.D.; Richard Reichbart, Ph.D.; Steven Sparta, Ph.D.; and C. Eugene Walker, Ph.D (August 1999). "Guidelines for Psychological Evaluations in Child Protection Matters". American Psychologist 54 (8): 586–593. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.8.586. PMID 10453704. Retrieved 2008-05-07. Lay summary – APA PsycNET (2008-05-07). Abuse, sexual (child): generally defined as contacts between a child and an adult or other person significantly older or in a position of power or control over the child, where the child is being used for sexual stimulation of the adult or other person.

[12] Martin, J.; Anderson, J.; Romans, S.; Mullen, P; O'Shea, M (1993). "Asking about child sexual abuse: methodological implications of a two-stage survey". Child Abuse and Neglect 17 (3): 383–392. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90061-9. PMID 8330225.

[nspcc-13] Child sexual abuse definition from the NSPCC

[14] Whiffen, V. E., & MacIntosh, H. B. (2005). "Mediators of the link between childhood sexual abuse and emotional distress: a critical review". Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 6 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1177/1524838004272543.

[15] Maniglio, R. (2009). "The impact of child sexual abuse on health: A systematic review of reviews". Clinical Psychology Review 29 (7): 647–657. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.08.003.

[16] Maniglio, R. (2011). "The role of child sexual abuse in the etiology of suicide and non‐suicidal self‐injury". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 124 (1): 30–41. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01612.x.

[Courtois-17] Courtois, Christine A. (1988). Healing the Incest Wound: Adult Survivors in Therapy. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 208. ISBN 0-393-31356-5.

[stolt-18] Stoltenborgh, M., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Euser, E. M., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (2011). "A global perspective on child sexual abuse: meta-analysis of prevalence around the world". Child Maltreatment 16 (2): 79–101. doi:10.1177/1077559511403920.

[pereda-19] Pereda, N., Guilera, G., Forns, M., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2009). "The prevalence of child sexual abuse in community and student samples: A meta-analysis". Clinical Psychology Review 29 (4): 328–338. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.02.007.

[Whealin-20] Whealin, Julia Whealin (2007-05-22). "Child Sexual Abuse". National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, US Department of Veterans Affairs.

[21] Seto, Michael (2008). Pedophilia and Sexual Offending Against Children. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. p. vii.

[22] NPR.org

[23] Leeway.org

[24] Blacksurvivors.org

[25] "Dean of Students Office | Clark University". Clarku.edu. Retrieved 2012-06-02.

[GD2012-26] McKie, Robin (9 June 2012). "'Sexual depravity' of penguins that Antarctic scientist dared not reveal". Guardian.co.uk.

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案内

sexual abuse