WordNet

(used as a combining form) relating to--of or by or to or from or for--the self; "self-knowledge"; "self-proclaimed"; "self-induced"
your consciousness of your own identity (同)ego
a person considered as a unique individual; "ones own self"
sufficient resources to provide comfort and meet obligations; "her father questioned the young suitors sufficiency"
the quality of being sufficient for the end in view; "he questioned the sufficiency of human intelligence" (同)adequacy

PrepTutorEJDIC

自給自足 = self sufficiency
(他人と区別して)『自己』,自分,自身 / 〈C〉(人・物の)本質,個性;性格の一面 / 〈U〉私利,私欲,私心 / 同じ材料でできた,共ぎれの
《しばしば a~》(…の)十分な量《+of+名》 / 十分[なこと]

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/04/23 14:22:04」(JST)

wiki en

Self-sufficiency (also called self-containment) is the state of not requiring any aid, support, or interaction, for survival; it is therefore a type of personal or collective autonomy. On a national scale, a totally self-sufficient economy that does not trade with the outside world is called an autarky.

The term self-sufficiency is usually applied to varieties of sustainable living in which nothing is consumed outside of what is produced by the self-sufficient individuals. Examples of attempts at self-sufficiency in North America include simple living, homesteading, off-the-grid, survivalism, DIY ethic and the back-to-the-land movement.

Practices that enable or aid self-sufficiency include autonomous building, permaculture, sustainable agriculture, and renewable energy.

The term is also applied to limited forms of self-sufficiency, for example growing one's own food or becoming economically independent of state subsidies.

The entire human population of the world was, at one time, self-sufficient. Families and groups made their own clothing, tools, weapons, boats and huts. They used gathering, hunting, herding and farming to find/hunt/grow their own food. As the population of the world grew, the wild food supply dwindled. People began to specialise, and to rely on herding and farming more; relying less upon gathering and hunting. In modern times, many farmers produce food on specialised farms. A large part of the worlds population now depends on these farmers to make their food for them. Many in developed nations now depend on job salaries to buy food, clothes, and shelter, rather than making these things from raw materials found in the environment. There are still societies which continue to be self-sufficient, never having given up traditional ways of food gathering and food making. If these people have no jobs and make no salaries, then they are often listed as unemployed.^{[citation needed]}

Influential people

Hippias of Elis
Eustace Conway
Henry David Thoreau
Brian Plummer
Carla Emery
Bill Mollison
Helen and Scott Nearing
James Wesley Rawles
John Seymour
Joel Skousen
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Don Stephens
Mel Tappan
Mahatma Gandhi
Thomas Sankara

References

Five acres and independence, 1973 book, by Maurice Grenville Kains, Dover books. ISBN 0-486-20974-1

External links

Foundation for Self-Sufficiency in Central America

UpToDate Contents

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1. 特別な医療が必要な小児 children with special health care needs
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English Journal

Virtual water and water self-sufficiency in agricultural and livestock products in Brazil.

da Silva VP1, de Oliveira SD2, Braga CC2, Brito JI2, de Sousa FA2, de Holanda RM3, Campos JH4, de Souza EP2, Braga AC2, Rodrigues Almeida RS2, de Araújo LE5.
Journal of environmental management.J Environ Manage.2016 Dec 15;184(Pt 2):465-472. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.10.015. Epub 2016 Oct 17.
Virtual water trade is often considered a solution for restricted water availability in many regions of the world. Brazil is the world leader in the production and export of various agricultural and livestock products. The country is either a strong net importer or a strong net exporter of these pro
PMID 27760721

The Relationship of Dairy Farm Eco-Efficiency with Intensification and Self-Sufficiency. Evidence from the French Dairy Sector Using Life Cycle Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling.

Soteriades AD1, Stott AW1, Moreau S2, Charroin T2, Blanchard M3, Liu J4, Faverdin P5,6.
PloS one.PLoS One.2016 Nov 10;11(11):e0166445. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166445. eCollection 2016.
We aimed at quantifying the extent to which agricultural management practices linked to animal production and land use affect environmental outcomes at a larger scale. Two practices closely linked to farm environmental performance at a larger scale are farming intensity, often resulting in greater o
PMID 27832199

Autism in 2016: the need for answers.

Posar A1, Visconti P2.
Jornal de pediatria.J Pediatr (Rio J).2016 Nov 9. pii: S0021-7557(16)30244-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.09.002. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorders are lifelong and often devastating conditions that severely affect social functioning and self-sufficiency. The etiopathogenesis is presumably multifactorial, resulting from a very complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The dramatic increa
PMID 27837654

Japanese Journal

熱電発電システムの冷却性能向上手法

中島達哉,石川敏嗣,奥将俊,田島大輔,林則行
宮崎大學工學部紀要 44, 13-19, 2015-07-31
… The problem of energy self-sufficiency rate decreases have occurred because in Japan that rely most of the energy consumed in imports from overseas. … So the use of the unused energy to increase the energy self-sufficiency rate is noted now. …
NAID 120005652952

超高効率固液分離技術を用いたエネルギーマネジメントシステム (京都大学環境衛生工学研究会第37回シンポジウム講演論文集)

島田正夫,宮田篤,坪井博和
環境衛生工学研究 : 京都大学環境衛生工学研究会機関誌 29(3), 79-82, 2015-07
NAID 40020534461

教育機会を保障する政策の機能分析 : 学習支援費の創設の議論から

荒牧孝次
社会福祉学 = Japanese journal of social welfare 56(1), 50-60, 2015-05
NAID 40020562152

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