関: beta-fructofuranosidase、invertase、sacrosidase

WordNet

an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose (同)saccharase, sucrase

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/07 14:17:56」(JST)

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Invertase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (breakdown) of sucrose (table sugar).^[1]^[2] Alternate names for invertase include EC 3.2.1.26, saccharase, glucosucrase, beta-h-fructosidase, beta-fructosidase, invertin, sucrase, maxinvert L 1000, fructosylinvertase, alkaline invertase, acid invertase, and the systematic name: beta-fructofuranosidase. The resulting mixture of fructose and glucose is called inverted sugar syrup. Related to invertases are sucrases. Invertases and sucrases hydrolyze sucrose to give the same mixture of glucose and fructose. Invertases cleave the O-C(fructose) bond, whereas the sucrases cleave the O-C(glucose) bond.^[3]

For industrial use, invertase is usually derived from yeast. It is also synthesized by bees which use it to make honey from nectar. Optimum temperature at which the rate of reaction is at its greatest is 60°C and an optimum pH of 4.5.^[3] Typically, sugar is inverted with sulfuric acid.

Applications and examples

Invertase is expensive, so it may be preferable to make fructose from glucose using glucose isomerase, instead.^{[citation needed]}

Chocolate-covered cherries,^[4] other cordials, and fondant candies include invertase, which liquefies the sugar. Once the candy is manufactured, it needs at least a few days to a few weeks in storage so the invertase has time to break down the sucrose.^[5]

References

^ Myrbäck, K. (1960). "Invertases". In Boyer, P.D., Lardy, H. and Myrbäck, K. The Enzymes 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. pp. 379–396.
^ Neumann, N.P. and Lampen, J.O. (1967). "Purification and properties of yeast invertase". Biochemistry 6 (2): 468–475. doi:10.1021/bi00854a015. PMID 4963242.
^ ^a ^b Hubert Schiweck, Margaret Clarke, Günter Pollach "Sugar” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a25_345.pub2
^ LaBau, Elizabeth. "Chocolate-Covered Cherries". About.com Candy. Retrieved December 6, 2012.
^ LaBau, Elizabeth. What is Invertase? About.com. Retrieved April 10, 2015.

External links

Invertase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

English Journal

Structural analysis of β-fructofuranosidase from Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous reveals unique features and the crucial role of N-glycosylation in oligomerization and activity.

Ramírez-Escudero M1, Gimeno-Peréz M2, González B1, Linde D2, Merdzo Z2, Fernández-Lobato M2, Sanz-Aparicio J3.
The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2016 Jan 28. pii: jbc.M115.708495. [Epub ahead of print]
Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous β-fructofuranosidase (XdINV) is a highly glycosylated dimeric enzyme that hydrolyzes sucrose and releases fructose from various fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and fructans. It also catalyzes the synthesis of FOS, prebiotics that stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteri
PMID 26823463

The fructanolytic abilities of the rumen bacterium Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain 3071.

Kasperowicz A1, Stan-Głasek K1, Taciak M1, Michałowski T1.
Journal of applied microbiology.J Appl Microbiol.2016 Jan;120(1):29-40. doi: 10.1111/jam.12976. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
AIMS: To determine if Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain 3071 is able to use fructose polymers for growth and to identify the enzymes involved in their digestion.METHODS AND RESULTS: Strain 3071 utilized 97, 89, 85 and 60% of sucrose, timothy grass fructan, inulin oligosaccharides and inulin, respecti
PMID 26481197

Sequence and structure-based prediction of fructosyltransferase activity for functional subclassification of fungal GH32 enzymes.

Trollope KM1, van Wyk N1, Kotjomela MA1, Volschenk H1.
The FEBS journal.FEBS J.2015 Dec;282(24):4782-96. doi: 10.1111/febs.13536. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
Sucrolytic enzymes catalyse sucrose hydrolysis or the synthesis of fructooligosaccharides (FOSs), a prebiotic in human and animal nutrition. FOS synthesis capacity differs between sucrolytic enzymes. Amino-acid-sequence-based classification of FOS synthesizing enzymes would greatly facilitate the in
PMID 26426731

Japanese Journal

模擬微小重力下でのカイコの吐糸行動と繭糸トレハラーゼおよびシュクラーゼ活性

古澤壽治,一田昌利,小谷英治,塚本幸子,宮崎順司,西田幸代,杉村順夫,渡邊隆夫
宇宙生物科学 = Biological sciences in space 12(3), 246-247, 1998-11
NAID 10002857441

土壌中の稲ワラの腐朽分解過程におけるサッカラーゼ活性

松本貞義,光原祥裕
近畿大学農学部紀要 18, 51-57, 1985-03-15
畑条件下の土壌での有機物の腐朽分解過程について知見を得るため,サッカラーゼ活性の測定を行ない,併せてCO_2放出量や微生物の菌数について調べた.サッカラーゼの活性測定に当っては,土壌に基質として20%サッカロース液を加えて,生成する転化糖量より土壌のサッカラーゼ活性を求めた.実験結果は次のように要約される.1)稲ワラの腐朽分解に伴って放出されるCO_2量と微生物数の間には高い相関が認められた.2) …
NAID 110000978570

各種土壌のサッカラーゼ活性と土壌有機物の量および質との関係

堀田三郎
ペドロジスト 26(1), 2-14, 1982-06-30
… Fifty soil samples were collected from manured plots and unmanured plots of long term experimental farms at 25 Agricultural Experiment Stations and measured for saccharase activity by the method of Hofmann and Scheffer. … When expressed on the basis of unit weight of dry soil, saccharase activity of volcanic ash soils is higher than that of non-volcanic ash soils. … There is a significant correlation between saccharase activity and content of organic matter of the soil. …
NAID 110009427605

「サッカラーゼ」

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Beta-fructofuranosidase
Identifiers
EC number	3.2.1.26
CAS number	9001-57-4
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search
PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins