スクラーゼ
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/04/24 13:36:02」(JST)
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Sucrase is the name given to a number of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of sucrose to fructose and glucose. The enzyme invertase, which occurs more commonly in plants, also hydrolyzes sucrose but by a different mechanism.[1]
Contents
- 1 Types
- 2 Physiology
- 3 Use in chemical analysis
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Types
- EC 3.2.1.10 is sucrase-isomaltase
- EC 3.2.1.26 is invertase
- EC 3.2.1.48 is sucrose alpha-glucosidase
Physiology
Sucrose intolerance (also known as Congenital Sucrase-Isomaltase Deficiency (CSID) or Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency) occurs when sucrase is not secreted in the small intestine. With sucrose intolerance, the result of consuming sucrose is excess gas production and often diarrhea and malabsorption. Lactose intolerance is a related disorder that reflects an individual's inability to hydrolyze the disaccharide lactose.
Sucrase is secreted by the tips of the villi of the epithelium in the small intestine. Its levels are reduced in response to villi-blunting events such as celiac sprue and the inflammation associated with the disorder. The levels increase in Pregnancy/Lactation and Diabetes as the villi hypertrophy.
Use in chemical analysis
Sucrose itself is a non-reducing sugar and therefore will not test positive with Benedict's solution. In order to test for sucrose, the sample is treated with sucrase. The sucrose is hydrolysed into glucose and fructose, with glucose being a reducing sugar, which in turn tests positive with Benedict's solution[citation needed].
References
- ^ Hubert Schiweck, Margaret Clarke, Günter Pollach "Sugar” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a25_345.pub2
External links
- Sucrase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Diagnosis of sucrase deficiency
Hydrolase: sugar hydrolases (EC 3.2)
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3.2.1: Glycoside hydrolases |
Disaccharidase |
- Sucrase/Sucrase-isomaltase/Invertase
- Maltase
- Trehalase
- Lactase
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Glucosidases |
- Cellulase
- Alpha-glucosidase
- Acid
- Neutral AB
- Neutral C
- Beta-glucosidase
- Debranching enzyme
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Other |
- Amylase
- Chitinase
- Lysozyme
- Neuraminidase
- NEU1
- NEU2
- NEU3
- NEU4
- Bacterial neuraminidase
- Viral neuraminidase
- Galactosidases
- alpha-Mannosidase
- Glucuronidase
- Hyaluronidase
- Pullulanase
- Glucosylceramidase
- Galactosylceramidase
- Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase
- Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase
- Fucosidase
- Hexosaminidase
- Iduronidase
- Maltase-glucoamylase
- Heparanase
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3.2.2: Hydrolysing
N-Glycosyl compounds |
- DNA glycosylases: Oxoguanine glycosylase
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- B
- enzm
- 1.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
- 13
- 14
- 15-18
- 2.1
- 3.1
- 4.1
- 5.1
- 6.1-3
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Effects of medium-chain triglycerides on intestinal morphology and energy metabolism of intrauterine growth retarded weanling piglets.
- Zhang LL1, Zhang H1, Li Y1, Wang T1.
- Archives of animal nutrition.Arch Anim Nutr.2017 Jun;71(3):231-245. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2017.1312812.
- PMID 28429991
- Phenolic compounds increase the transcription of mouse intestinal maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase.
- Simsek M1, Quezada-Calvillo R, Nichols BL, Hamaker BR.
- Food & function.Food Funct.2017 May 24;8(5):1915-1924. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00015d.
- PMID 28443839
- A potential anti-tumor effect of leukotriene C4 through the induction of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase expression in colon cancer cells.
- Mehdawi LM1, Satapathy SR1, Gustafsson A2, Lundholm K2, Alvarado-Kristensson M3, Sjölander A1.
- Oncotarget.Oncotarget.2017 May 23;8(21):35033-35047. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16591.
- PMID 28402256
Japanese Journal
- 血糖値上昇抑制効果を有する機能性糖質L-アラビノースの生理機能研究と工業生産技術の開発
- 柴沼 清,出川 洋子,宮脇 洋之,世利 謙二,讃井 和子
- 応用糖質科学 : 日本応用糖質科学会誌 = Bulletin of applied glycoscience 1(1), 65-69, 2011-01-20
- NAID 10027412282
- Jejunal Induction of SI and SGLT1 Genes in Rats by High-Starch/Low-Fat Diet Is Associated with Histone Acetylation and Binding of GCN5 on the Genes
- INOUE Seiya,MOCHIZUKI Kazuki,GODA Toshinao
- Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 57(2), 162-169, 2011
- … The intestinal expression of genes involved in carbohydrate digestion and absorption, such as sucrase-isomaltase (SI) and sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter (SGLT1), is higher in rodents fed a high-starch/low-fat (HS) diet than in those fed a low-starch/high-fat (LS) diet. …
- NAID 130000822219
Related Links
- Sucrase is the name given to a number of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of sucrose to fructose and glucose. The enzyme invertase, which occurs more commonly in plants, also hydrolyzes sucrose but by a different mechanism.
- Congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency is a disorder that affects a person's ability to digest certain sugars. People with this condition cannot break down the sugars sucrose and maltose. Sucrose (a sugar found in fruits, and also known as ...
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