WordNet

an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
(of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees

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反射(刺激に対する無意識の反応) / 《複数形で》反射的な動き / (光などの)反射,反射光;映像 / 反射性の / (カメラが)レフ鋼の,反射型の

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1. 成人における便失禁：疫学および評価 fecal incontinence in adults etiology and evaluation
2. 幼児および小児における視覚の発達および視力評価 visual development and vision assessment in infants and children
3. 反射性失神 reflex syncope
4. 乳児および小児における便秘：評価 constipation in infants and children evaluation
5. 肛門そう痒症患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with anal pruritus

English Journal

Vascular events are risk factors for anal incontinence in systemic sclerosis: a study of morphology and functional properties measured by anal endosonography and manometry.

Bartosik I1, Andréasson K, Starck M, Scheja A, Hesselstrand R.Author information 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Section for Rheumatology, Lund University , Lund , Sweden.AbstractObjectives: To study anal sphincter morphology, anal sphincter pressure, and rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) complicated by anal incontinence (AI) and to investigate possible risk factors for AI in SSc. Method: Nineteen SSc patients with severe AI were investigated using anal endosonography, anal manometry, and rectal manovolumetry. To determine risk factors for AI, disease characteristics of SSc patients with AI were compared with those of 95 SSc patients without AI; there were five matched SSc patients without AI for each SSc patient with AI. Results: The mean (SD) internal sphincter thickness was 1.3 (0.46) mm in patients with AI, which was thinner (p < 0.001) than reference data from healthy individuals whose internal sphincter measured 2.2 (0.45) mm, whereas the external sphincter thickness did not differ. The mean (SD) resting pressure in AI patients was lower than the reference data from healthy individuals [60 (22) vs. 94 (29) mmHg, p < 0.002] whereas the squeeze pressure did not differ. Centromeric antibodies and features of vascular disease [i.e. the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), digital ulcers, pitting scars, or the need for iloprost infusions] were associated with AI whereas fibrotic manifestations [i.e. modified Rodnan skin score (mRss), the diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) subset, or low vital capacity (VC)] were not. Conclusions: SSc patients with AI have a thin internal anal sphincter and a low resting pressure. Risk factors for AI among SSc patients are centromeric antibodies and vascular disease, which supports the hypothesis that gastrointestinal involvement in SSc is in part a vascular manifestation of the disease.
Scandinavian journal of rheumatology.Scand J Rheumatol.2014 Apr 11. [Epub ahead of print]
Objectives: To study anal sphincter morphology, anal sphincter pressure, and rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) complicated by anal incontinence (AI) and to investigate possible risk factors for AI in SSc. Method: Nineteen SSc patients with severe AI were in
PMID 24720395

Systematic review: anal and rectal changes after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Krol R1, Smeenk RJ, van Lin EN, Yeoh EE, Hopman WP.Author information 1455 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.AbstractPURPOSE: Pelvic radiotherapy may lead to changes of anorectal function resulting in incontinence-related complaints. The aim of this study was to systematically review objective findings of late anorectal physiology and mucosal appearance after irradiation for prostate cancer.
International journal of colorectal disease.Int J Colorectal Dis.2014 Mar;29(3):273-83. doi: 10.1007/s00384-013-1784-8. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
PURPOSE: Pelvic radiotherapy may lead to changes of anorectal function resulting in incontinence-related complaints. The aim of this study was to systematically review objective findings of late anorectal physiology and mucosal appearance after irradiation for prostate cancer.METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBAS
PMID 24150230

Clinical characteristics and management of benign transient non-organic ileus of neonates: a single-center experience.

Chang HK1, Koh H, Hong YJ, Chang EY, Han SJ, Oh JT.Author information 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea. jtoh@yuhs.ac.AbstractPURPOSE: The term benign transient non-organic ileus of neonates (BTNIN) is applied to neonates who present symptoms and plain radiographic findings of Hirschsprung's disease, but do not have aganglionic bowel and are managed well by conservative treatment. It can often be difficult to diagnose BTNIN because its initial symptoms are similar to those of Hirschsprung's disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and proper treatment of BTNIN.
Yonsei medical journal.Yonsei Med J.2014 Jan;55(1):157-61. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.157.
PURPOSE: The term benign transient non-organic ileus of neonates (BTNIN) is applied to neonates who present symptoms and plain radiographic findings of Hirschsprung's disease, but do not have aganglionic bowel and are managed well by conservative treatment. It can often be difficult to diagnose BTNI
PMID 24339301

Japanese Journal

直腸脱をともなった重症便秘症に対して腹腔鏡補助下結腸亜全摘および直腸固定術を施行した1例

岩川和秀,清地秀典,今井良典,梶原伸介,西江学,濱野亮輔,宮宗秀明,大塚眞哉,岩垣博巳
日本大腸肛門病学会雑誌 64(1), 17-23, 2011-01-01
直腸脱をともなう重症の便秘症に対し結腸亜全摘術および直腸固定術を施行した．症例は36歳，女性．現病歴は20歳頃より便秘に対して下剤を内服し始め，最近では1日に80～100錠服用し排便の度に直腸脱を認めていた．注腸検査では大腸全体にびまん性の拡張を認めた．バリウムを用いたtransit time studyでは2日目に右半結腸までしか進まず，5日目で直腸にバリウムが停滞した．直腸肛門内圧検査では肛門 …
NAID 10027718690