purpuric

• adj.

• 紫斑の

関

peliosis、purpura

WordNet

1. any of several blood diseases causing subcutaneous bleeding (同)peliosis

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/16 19:14:20」(JST)

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For other uses of "Purpura", see Purpura (disambiguation).

Purpura
Petechiae and purpura on the lower limb due to medication induced vasculitis
Classification and external resources
Specialty	Dermatology, hematology
ICD-10	D69
ICD-9-CM	287
DiseasesDB	25619
MedlinePlus	003232
MeSH	D011693

Purpura is a condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. The spots are caused by bleeding underneath the skin usually secondary to vasculitis or dietary deficiency of vitamin C (scurvy). They measure 0.3–1 cm (3–10 mm), whereas petechiae measure less than 3 mm, and ecchymoses greater than 1 cm.

Pupura is common with typhus and can be present with meningitis caused by meningococci or septicaemia. In particular, meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis), a Gram-negative diplococcus organism, releases endotoxin when it lyses. Endotoxin activates the Hageman factor (clotting factor XII), which causes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The DIC is what appears as a rash on the affected individual.

Classification

Purpura are a common and nonspecific medical sign; however, the underlying mechanism commonly involves one of:

• Platelet disorders (thrombocytopenic purpura)
  • Primary thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Secondary thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Post-transfusion purpura
• Vascular disorders (nonthrombocytopenic purpura)
  • Microvascular injury, as seen in senile (old age) purpura, when blood vessels are more easily damaged
  • Hypertensive states
  • Deficient vascular support
  • Vasculitis, as in the case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• Coagulation disorders
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
  • Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) - defect in collagen synthesis due to lack of hydroxylation of procollagen results in weakened capillary walls and cells
• Meningococcemia
• Cocaine use with concomitant use of the one-time chemotherapy drug and now veterinary deworming agent levamisole can cause purpura of the ears, face, trunk, or extremities, sometimes needing reconstructive surgery. Levamisole is purportedly a common cutting agent.
• Decomposition of blood vessels including purpura is a symptom of acute radiation poisoning in excess of 2 Grays of radiation exposure. This is an uncommon cause in general, but is commonly seen in victims of nuclear disaster.

Cases of psychogenic purpura are also described in the medical literature, some claimed to be due to "autoerythrocyte sensitization". Other studies suggest the local (cutaneous) activity of tissue plasminogen activator can be increased in psychogenic purpura, leading to substantial amounts of localized plasmin activity, rapid degradation of fibrin clots, and resultant bleeding. Petechial rash is also characteristic of a rickettsial infection.

Etymology and pronunciation

The word purpura (/ˈpɜrpɜrə/) comes from Latin purpura, "purple". It is a mass noun naming the condition or state, not the name of an individual spot (thus there is no *pupurum, *purpura or *purpura, *purpurae count declension).

See also

• Bruise, which is a hematoma caused by trauma
• Petechia, which is a small type of hematoma (<3mm)
• Ecchymosis, which is a large type of hematoma (>1 cm)
• Purpura secondary to clotting disorders
• Purpura haemorrhagica in horses
• Pigmented purpuric dermatosis
• Schamberg disease (progressive pigmentary purpura)

References

External links

• Evaluating the Child with Purpura from American Academy of Family Physicians

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 色素性紫斑（毛細血管炎） pigmented purpuric dermatoses capillaritis
• 2. 小児における紫斑の評価 evaluation of purpura in children
• 3. 血管炎の皮膚病変を有する成人の評価 evaluation of adults with cutaneous lesions of vasculitis
• 4. 小児血管炎の分類および発生率 classification and incidence of childhood vasculitis
• 5. 網状（角ばった）紫斑が認められる患者に対するアプローチ approach to the patient with retiform angulated purpura

English Journal

• [Papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome and thrombocytopenia related to parvovirus B19 infection.]

• Elena-González A, Lozano-Durán C, Cuadros-Tito P, Gete-García L.SourceServicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España. Electronic address: aelena83@hotmail.com.
• Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica.Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin.2013 Jul 8. pii: S0213-005X(13)00161-4. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2013.05.003. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 23845252

• [Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Resulting in an Obstructive Bladder Mass.]

• Comploj E, Cassar W, Trenti E, Palermo S, Reinstadler P, Ladurner C, Dechet C, Pycha A.SourceAbteilung für Urologie, Zentralkrankenhaus Bozen, Bozen, Italien.
• Aktuelle Urologie.Aktuelle Urol.2013 Jul 3. [Epub ahead of print]
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common form of an immunological systemic vasculitis of childhood. The classic clinical symptoms include purpuric rash, abdominal pain, arthralgias, and haematuria, but the spectrum of HSP may vary to very rare forms. This arti-cle reports on an 8-year-old
• PMID 23824929

• The 2011 dengue haemorrhagic Fever outbreak in lahore - an account of clinical parameters and pattern of haemorrhagic complications.

• Ahmed S, Mohammad WW, Hamid F, Akhter A, Afzal RK, Mahmood A.SourceDepartment of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Cantt.
• Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak.2013 Jul;23(7):463-7. doi: 07.2013/JCPSP.463467.
• Objective: To describe the frequency and outcome of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) cases and determine the association of clinical and laboratory parameters with haemorrhagic complications. Study Design: A descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, from Augu
• PMID 23823947

Japanese Journal

• 症例 サイトメガロウイルス感染に伴って生じたPapular-purpuric Gloves and Socks Syndromeの1例

• 紺野 亜希子,船坂 陽子,川名 誠司
• 皮膚科の臨床 55(10), 1299-1302, 2013-10
• NAID 40019835651

• 症例 アセトアミノフェンによる紫斑型薬疹の1例

• 平野 亜由子,福本 隆也,藤井 秀孝 [他]
• 西日本皮膚科 = The Nishinihon journal of dermatology : 日本皮膚科学会西部支部機関誌 75(5), 444-447, 2013-10
• NAID 40019823351

• 白血球除去療法が有効であった下部消化管出血を伴った成人Henoch-Schönlein紫斑病（HSP）の2例

• 小林 園実,田端 秀日朗,安藤 明利 [他],西村 英樹,佐中 孜,新田 孝作,内藤 隆
• 日本透析医学会雑誌 46(7), 671-680, 2013
• 　症例1は57歳，男性．感冒様症状が出現後，腹痛や関節痛および両下肢浮腫・紫斑が出現した．ネフローゼ症候群をきたし，皮膚生検および腎生検の病理結果よりHenoch-Schönlein紫斑病（HSP）と診断した．Prednisolone（PSL）投与にて両下肢の紫斑および関節痛は軽快傾向であったが，腹痛および下血は改善せず，白血球除去療法（leukocytapheresis：LCAP）を計7回施行し …
• NAID 130003372798

Related Links

• purpuricの意味 - 英和辞書 - goo辞書

purpuricとは。意味や和訳。[形] ⇒pur・pu・ra - goo辞書は国語、英和、和英、中国語、百科事典等からまとめて探せる辞書検索サービスです。 ... 辞書すべて 国語 類語 英和 和英 中日 日中 ※「説明文に含む」「見出し語に含む」検索は ...

• Purpuric | インターネット内の検索結果 | cyclopaedia.net

ウィキペディアの英語版でPurpuricという用語が挙げてありますが、そこでは、以下の意味で使われています。Purpura (from Latin: purpura, meaning "purple") is the appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「peliosis」

「peliosis」

　　[★]

• n.

• 紫斑病、紫斑

関

purpura、purpuric