肺胸膜
WordNet
- the thin serous membrane around the lungs and inner walls of the chest
PrepTutorEJDIC
- ろく膜,胸膜
- 肺の;肺を冒す
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/28 11:22:26」(JST)
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"Pleura" redirects here. For other uses, see Pleuron (disambiguation).
| Pulmonary pleurae |
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A transverse section of the thorax, showing the contents of the middle and the posterior mediastinum. The pleural and pericardial cavities are exaggerated since normally there is no space between the pulmonary pleurae and between the pericardium and heart.
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| Details |
| Nerve |
intercostal nerves, phrenic nerves |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
pleurae pulmonarius |
| Code |
TH H3.05.03.0.00006 |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
p_24/12646791 |
| Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
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The pulmonary pleurae are the two pleurae of the invaginated sac surrounding each lung and attaching to the thoracic cavity. The visceral pleura is the delicate serous membrane that covers the surface of each lung and dips into the fissures between the lobes. The parietal pleura is the outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity. It also separates the pleural cavity from the mediastinum. The parietal pleura is innervated by the intercostal nerves and the phrenic nerve.
Between the membranes is a fluid filled space called the pleural cavity.
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 3 Innervation
- 4 Development
- 5 Clinical significance
- 6 References
- 7 External links
Structure
Detail of lung showing the pleurae
The visceral pleura is a delicate serous membrane that closely covers the surfaces of the lungs and dips into the fissures that separate the lobes.
The parietal pleura is the outer membrane that attaches to and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity, covers the upper surface of the diaphragm and is reflected over structures within the middle of the thorax. It separates the pleural cavity from the mediastinum.
The parietal pleura is differentiated into regions in line with the location in the thorax. The ‘’cervical pleura’’ (or ‘’cupula of pleura’’) is in the region of the cervical vertebrae extending beyond the apex of the lung and into the neck. The ‘’costal pleura’’ lines the inner surfaces of the ribs and the intercostal muscles and are separated from them by endothoracic fascia. An extension of the endothoracic fascia known as the suprapleural membrane covers the apex of each lung in a thickened layer of connective tissue. The ‘’diaphragmatic pleura’’ lines the convex surface of the diaphragm. The ‘’mediastinal pleura’’ attaches to the other organs in the mediastinum and forms the separating lateral wall.
Between the two membranes is a space called the pleural cavity or interpleural space which contains a lubricating fluid.
Function
The contraction of the diaphragm creates a negative pressure within the pleural cavity which forces the lungs to expand resulting in passive exhalation and active inhalation. This breathing process can be made forceful through the contraction of the external intercostal muscles which forces the rib cage to expand and add to the negative pressure in the pleural cavity causing the lungs to fill with air. The fluid in the cavity provides lubrication and cushioning.
Innervation
The parietal pleura is innervated by the intercostal nerves and the phrenic nerve. The costal pleura is innervated by the intercostal nerves. The diaphragmatic portion of the parietal pleura overlies the diaphragm and is innervated by the phrenic nerve in its central portion and by the intercostal nerves in its peripheral portion. The mediastinal portion of the parietal pleura forms the lateral wall of the mediastinum and is innervated by the phrenic nerve.
Development
The visceral and parietal pleurae both derive from the lateral plate mesoderm which splits into two layers the somatopleuric mesoderm forming the parietal membrane and the splanchnopleuric mesoderm of the visceral membrane.[1]
Clinical significance
Pleurisy is a condition of inflamed pleurae.
Pleurisy can lead to a build-up of fluid known as pleural effusion in the pleural cavity. Pleural effusion can also occur from other causes.
References
- ^ Larsen, William J. (2001). Human embryology (3. ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone. p. 138. ISBN 0-443-06583-7.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pulmonary pleurae. |
- -1288372165 at GPnotebook
- thoraxlesson2 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
- Atlas image: lung_pleura at the University of Michigan Health System - "X-ray, chest, posteroanterior view"
- Atlas image: lung_lymph at the University of Michigan Health System - "Transverse section through lung"
- MedEd at Loyola Grossanatomy/thorax0/thor_lec/thor6.html
- Diagram at kent.edu
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Anatomy of the thorax
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| General |
- Mediastinum
- Thoracic wall
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| Pleural cavity |
- Parietal pleura
- Visceral pleura
- Pulmonary ligament
- Recesses
- Costomediastinal
- Costodiaphragmatic
- Endothoracic fascia
- Suprapleural membrane
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Probing softness of the parietal pleural surface at the micron scale.
- Kim JH, Butler JP, Loring SH.SourceDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Dana 715, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
- Journal of biomechanics.J Biomech.2011 Sep 23;44(14):2558-64. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
- The pleural surfaces of the chest wall and lung slide against each other, lubricated by pleural fluid. During sliding motion of soft tissues, shear induced hydrodynamic pressure deforms the surfaces, promoting uniformity of the fluid layer thickness, thereby reducing friction. To assess pleural defo
- PMID 21820660
Japanese Journal
- 末梢小型肺病変の術中局在診断における臓側胸膜バーチャル像の有用性の検討
- 上林 孝豊
- 肺癌 51(3), 177-181, 2011
- 目的．末梢小型肺病変の術中局在診断における，術前の臓側胸膜のバーチャル像の有用性を検討する．研究計画．2008年7月上旬から2010年4月下旬までの間に，術中に病変の局在を診断することの困難が予想された末梢小型肺病変に対して，術前に臓側胸膜のバーチャル像を作成・評価し，その後手術を行った12症例12病変を対象とした．術中の病変局在診断における術前の臓側胸膜のバーチャル像評価の有用性を検討した．結果 …
- NAID 130000761270
Related Links
- A portion of the serous membrane covers the surface of the lung and dips into the fissures between its lobes; it is called the pulmonary pleura (or visceral pleura). The visceral pleura is attached directly to the lungs, as opposed to the parietal ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- pulmonary pleura (Z)
- 同
- 臓側胸膜, visceral pleura
[★]
- 関
- lung、pneumo
