ポリソーム
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/10/15 23:44:05」(JST)
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A polyribosome (or polysome) is a complex of an mRNA molecule and two or more ribosomes that is formed during active translation.[1] Originally coined "ergosomes" in 1963 [2] they were further characterized by Jonathan Warner, Paul Knopf, and Alex Rich.[3] Polysomes can be directly visualized by electron microsopy because they form very high molecular weight particles.[1] Many ribosomes simultaneously read one mRNA progressing along the mRNA to synthesize the same protein. They may appear as linear polysomes or circular rosettes with microscopy but are mainly circular in vivo. This circularization is aided by the fact that mRNA is able to be twisted into a circular formation, creating a cycle of rapid ribosome recycling and utilization of ribosomes. The 5' 7-methylguanosine cap and 3' poly(A) tail present on eukaryotic mRNA aid in this process.[4]
Polyribosomes can be found in three forms: free, cytoskeletal bound, and membrane bound.
References
- ^ a b Michael M. Cox; Jennifer A. Doudna; Michael O'Donnell (July 2011). Molecular Biology: Principles and Practice. Macmillan Higher Education. ISBN 978-1-4292-9273-3.
- ^ Staehelin, T.; Brinton, C. C.; Wettstein, F. O.; Noll, H. (1963). "Structure and Function of E. Coli Ergosomes". Nature. 199 (4896): 865–870. doi:10.1038/199865a0. ISSN 0028-0836.
- ^ Warner JR, Knopf PM, Rich A (1963). "A multiple ribosomal structure in protein synthesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 49: 122–129. Bibcode:1963PNAS...49..122W. doi:10.1073/pnas.49.1.122. PMC 300639. PMID 13998950. Summary
- ^ Harvey Lodish (1999). "4.5. Stepwise Formation of Proteins on Ribosomes". Molecular cell biology. New York: Scientific American Books. ISBN 0-7167-3136-3.
External links
- Theoretical and experimental structure of polysome
English Journal
- Cumulus Cell Transcripts Transit to the Bovine Oocyte in Preparation for Maturation.
- Macaulay AD1, Gilbert I1, Scantland S1, Fournier E1, Ashkar F2, Bastien A1, Saadi HA1, Gagné D1, Sirard MA3, Khandjian ÉW3, Richard FJ1, Hyttel P4, Robert C5.
- Biology of reproduction.Biol Reprod.2016 Dec;94(1):16. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.127571. Epub 2015 Nov 19.
- So far, the characteristics of a good quality egg have been elusive, similar to the nature of the physiological, cellular, and molecular cues leading to its production both in vivo and in vitro. Current understanding highlights a strong and complex interdependence between the follicular cells and th
- PMID 26586844
- The MazF-regulon: a toolbox for the post-transcriptional stress response in Escherichia coli.
- Sauert M1, Wolfinger MT2, Vesper O1, Müller C1, Byrgazov K1, Moll I3.
- Nucleic acids research.Nucleic Acids Res.2016 Feb 22. pii: gkw115. [Epub ahead of print]
- Flexible adaptation to environmental stress is vital for bacteria. An energy-efficient post-transcriptional stress response mechanism in Escherichia coli is governed by the toxin MazF. After stress-induced activation the endoribonuclease MazF processes a distinct subset of transcripts as well as the
- PMID 26908653
- A tRNA methyltransferase paralog is important for ribosome stability and cell division in Trypanosoma brucei.
- Fleming IM1, Paris Z1, Gaston KW2, Balakrishnan R1,2, Fredrick K1,3, Rubio MA1, Alfonzo JD1,3.
- Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2016 Feb 18;6:21438. doi: 10.1038/srep21438.
- Most eukaryotic ribosomes contain 26/28S, 5S, and 5.8S large subunit ribosomal RNAs (LSU rRNAs) in addition to the 18S rRNA of the small subunit (SSU rRNA). However, in kinetoplastids, a group of organisms that include medically important members of the genus Trypanosoma and Leishmania, the 26/28S l
- PMID 26888608
Japanese Journal
- Genome-Wide Analyses of Changes in Translation State Caused by Elevated Temperature in Oryza sativa
- UEDA Kiyotaka,MATSUURA Hideyuki,YAMAGUCHI Masatoshi,DEMURA Taku,KATO Ko
- Plant and cell physiology 53(8), 1481-1491, 2012-08-01
- NAID 10031052889
- Genome-Wide Analyses of Changes in Translation State Caused by Elevated Temperature in Oryza sativa
- Ueda Kiyotaka,Matsuura Hideyuki,Yamaguchi Masatoshi [他]
- Plant and Cell Physiology 53(8), 1481-1491, 2012-08-00
- NAID 40019389679
- 植物の環境ストレス応答と翻訳レベルの遺伝子発現制御
Related Links
- Polysome definition, a complex of ribosomes strung along a single strand of messenger RNA that translates the genetic information coded in the messenger RNA during protein synthesis. See more. Thesaurus Translator Reference ...
- polysomeとは。意味や和訳。[名]生物ポリソーム:1本のmRNA鎖上に並んだリボソーム(ribosome)の複合体.... - goo英和辞書は14万項目以上を収録し、発音、音声、慣用句、例文が分かる英和辞書です。
- polysomeの意味は?goo辞書は無料で使える日本最大級の辞書サービスです。国語辞典、英和辞典、和英辞典、類語辞典、中国語辞典、百科事典などを提供しています。 ... 「polysome」で始まる言葉 - 辞書すべての検索結果 すべて
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