関: hypomenorrhea、menstruation disorder、menstruation disturbance、retrograde menstruation

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/19 21:12:18」(JST)

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A menstrual disorder is an irregular condition in a woman's menstrual cycle.

Disorders of ovulation

Disorders of ovulation include oligoovulation and anovulation:

Oligoovulation is infrequent or irregular ovulation (usually defined as cycles of ≥36 days or <8 cycles a year)
Anovulation is absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected (in a post-menarchal, premenopausal woman). Anovulation usually manifests itself as irregularity of menstrual periods, that is, unpredictable variability of intervals, duration, or bleeding. Anovulation can also cause cessation of periods (secondary amenorrhea) or excessive bleeding (dysfunctional uterine bleeding).

Disorders of cycle length

Polymenorrhea is the medical term for cycles with intervals of 21 days or fewer.

Irregular menstruation is where there is variation in menstrual cycle length of more than approximately eight days for a woman. The term metrorrhagia is often used for irregular menstruation that occurs between the expected menstrual periods.^[1]

Oligomenorrhea is the medical term for infrequent, often light menstrual periods (intervals exceeding 35 days).

Amenorrhea is the absence of a menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age. Physiologic states of amenorrhoea are seen during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding). Outside of the reproductive years there is absence of menses during childhood and after menopause.

Disorders of flow

Hypomenorrhea is abnormally light menstrual periods.

Menorrhagia (meno = month,^[2] rrhagia = excessive flow/discharge) is an abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual period. If there is excessive menstrual and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation, menometrorrhagia (meno = prolonged, metro = uterine, rrhagia = excessive flow/discharge) may be diagnosed. Causes may be due to abnormal blood clotting, disruption of normal hormonal regulation of periods or disorders of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Depending upon the cause, it may be associated with abnormally painful periods (dysmenorrhoea).

Dysmenorrhea

Dysmenorrhea (or dysmenorrhoea), cramps or painful menstruation, involves menstrual periods that are accompanied by either sharp, intermittent pain or dull, aching pain, usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen.

References

^ MedicineNet.com > Definition of Metrorrhagia Last Editorial Review: 3/17/2003
^ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/meno-

External links

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 思春期における異常子宮出血：定義および評価 abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents definition and evaluation
2. 女性における生殖器出血の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of genital tract bleeding in women

English Journal

Premenstrual disorder and the adolescent: clinical case report, literature review, and diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Akgül S, Kanbur N.
International journal of adolescent medicine and health.Int J Adolesc Med Health.2015 Nov 1;27(4):363-8. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2014-0051.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to present a case with premenstrual dysphoric disorder and to review the diagnosis from an adolescent medicine approach, discussing why diagnosis and treatment must be distinct for this age group and different from the adult approach.INTRODUCTION: Premenstrual dis
PMID 25418969

Nature and prevalence of menstrual disorders among teenage female students at Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Nooh AM1, Abdul-Hady A2, El-Attar N3.
Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol.2015 Sep 3. pii: S1083-3188(15)00309-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2015.08.008. [Epub ahead of print]
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the nature and prevalence of menstrual disorders among teenage females.DESIGN: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study.SETTING: Zagazig University Students' Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt.PARTICIPANTS: A representative sample of female students attending the univer
PMID 26343844

Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid disorders among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Abdel Hamid AM1, Borg TF2, Madkour WA3.
International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.Int J Gynaecol Obstet.2015 Aug 24. pii: S0020-7292(15)00514-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.05.035. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid disorders among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) compared with matched controls.METHODS: In 2013-2014, an observational study of women with AUB (group A) and women with regular menstruation (group B) was undertaken
PMID 26372350

Japanese Journal

思春期の月経周期に対する鍼通電療法の効果の検討

田口玲奈,吉元授,今井賢治 [他]
全日本鍼灸学会雑誌 = Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 62(2), 148-156, 2012-05
NAID 40019352731

思春期の月経周期に対する鍼通電療法の効果の検討

田口玲奈,吉元授,今井賢治,北小路博司
全日本鍼灸学会雑誌 62(2), 148-156, 2012
　【目的】鍼治療が月経周期に及ぼす影響を明らかにする目的で、月経周期の異常がある女子大学生25名に鍼通電療法を行い、月経周期および排卵回数、高温期日数の変化を検討した。また、鍼通電療法によるこれらの月経異常の改善効果と治療前の肥満度分類の関連性を検討した。 <BR>【方法】研究期間は7ヵ月間とし、無治療期間 (治療前) と治療期間の各々3.5ヵ月を設定したAB法デザインで行 …
NAID 130004513486

Menstrual disturbances in various thyroid diseases

, , , , , , , , , , , , ,
Endocrine Journal 57(12), 1017-1022, 2010
… The prevalence of menstrual disturbances, including secondary amenorrhea, hypomenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, hypermenorrhea, polymenorrhea and irregular menstrual cycle were prospectively examined in 586 patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, 111 with hypothyroidism, 558 with euthyroid chronic thyroiditis, 202 with painless thyroiditis and 595 with thyroid tumor. …
NAID 130004443597