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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/28 14:34:23」(JST)

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Structure of the metaperiodate ion

periodate

Periodate /pəˈraɪ.ədeɪt/ is an anion composed of iodine and oxygen. Periodates include two forms. The metaperiodate ion is IO₄⁻; the orthoperiodate ion is IO₆⁵⁻. Usually both forms are called periodates. Periodate is the conjugate base of periodic acid.

In neutral or weak acid conditions, IO₄⁻ is most common, in equilibrium with a smaller amount of H₄IO₆⁻. In basic conditions, H₃IO₆²⁻ is formed, plus some other ions.

Like its neighbor, tellurium, and unlike lighter halogens, iodine tends to be hexacoordinate, and the units H_nIO₆^(5−n)- are quite common; but tetracoordinate units, such as IO₄⁻, are also quite common with iodine, tetracoordinate being the only form possible with lighter perhalogenates, such as perchlorate.

Sodium metaperiodate can be isolated from the oxidation of sodium iodide with sodium hypochlorite and is best recrystallized from nitric acid. However, electrochemistry offers an easier alternative.

Uses[edit source | edit]

Periodates can cleave carbon-carbon bonds when both carbon atoms bear an oxygen atom, either in the form of a hydroxyl or a carbonyl group. This property is often utilized in molecular biochemistry for the purposes of modifying saccharide rings, as many five- and six-membered sugars often have vicinal diols. Periodates are highly selective etchants for certain ruthenium-based oxides.^[1]

Examples[edit source | edit]

Potassium periodate, KIO₄
Sodium periodate, NaIO₄

References[edit source | edit]

^ Dieter Weber, Róza Vöfély, Yuehua Chen, Yulia Mourzina, Ulrich Poppe: Variable resistor made by repeated steps of epitaxial deposition and lithographic structuring of oxide layers by using wet chemical etchants. Thin Solid Films (2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.11.118

English Journal

Structure and immunobiological activity of a new polysaccharide from Bletilla striata.

Peng Q1, Li M2, Xue F3, Liu H4.
Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2014 Jul 17;107:119-23. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.042. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
A new polysaccharide (designated BSPF2), with a molecular weight of 2.35 × 10(5)Da, was isolated from the tubers of Bletilla striata. It contained mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 9.4:2.6:1.0. The acetyl content of BSPF2 was estimated to be 2.9%, and acetyl groups were located in
PMID 24702926

The preparation, characterization and evaluation of regenerated cellulose/collagen composite hydrogel films.

Cheng Y1, Lu J1, Liu S2, Zhao P3, Lu G3, Chen J4.
Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2014 Jul 17;107:57-64. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.034. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
Porous structured regenerated cellulose films were oxidized by periodate oxidation to obtain 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose (DARC) films, which were then reacted with collagen to obtain DARC/Col composite films. The subsequent FT-IR spectra indicated that collagen was immobilized on the DARC matrix via th
PMID 24702918

Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.

Gupta B1, Tummalapalli M2, Deopura BL2, Alam MS3.
Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2014 Jun 15;106:312-8. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.019. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin. The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin. The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction t
PMID 24721084

Japanese Journal

Vitamin A Determination in Milk Samples Based on the Luminol-Periodate Chemiluminescence System

RISHI Lubna,YAQOOB Mohammad,WASEEM Amir [他]
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology 60(1), 9-16, 2014-02
NAID 40019998947

Vitamin A Determination in Milk Samples Based on the Luminol-Periodate Chemiluminescence System

RISHI Lubna,YAQOOB Mohammad,WASEEM Amir,NABI Abdul
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 60(1), 9-16, 2014
… A simple and rapid flow injection (FI) method for the determination of retinyl acetate is reported based on its enhancing effect on the luminol-periodate chemiluminescence (CL) system in an alkaline medium. …
NAID 130003393768