WordNet

a sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue separating or binding together muscles and organs etc (同)facia
of or relating to the pelvis; "pelvic exam"; "pelvic inflammation"

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(髪を束ねる)細ひも / 鼻隠(はなかくし)板(軒先のたる木の木口を隠す板)
骨盤の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/02 16:45:02」(JST)

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The fascia of the pelvis can be divided into:

(a) the fascial sheaths of
- the Obturator internus muscle (Fascia of the Obturator internus)
- the Piriformis muscle (Fascia of the Piriformis)
- the pelvic floor
(b) fascia associated with the organs of the pelvis.

Structure

Fascia of pelvic organs

Pelvic fascia extends to cover the organs within the pelvis.

It is attached to the fascia that runs along the pelvic floor along the tendinous arch. The fascia which covers pelvic organs can be divided according to the organs that are covered:

The front is known as the "vesical layer". It forms the anterior and lateral ligaments of the bladder.
In males, its middle lamina crosses the floor of the pelvis between the rectum and vesiculæ seminales as the rectovesical septum; in the female this is perforated by the cervix and is named the transverse cervical ligament.
At the back, the fascia passes to the side of the rectum; it forms a loose sheath for the rectum, but is firmly attached around the anal canal. This portion is known as the "rectal layer".

Fascia of the pelvic floor

Superior

The part of the pelvic fascia on the pelvic floor covers both surfaces of the Levatores ani muscle.

The layer covering the upper surface of the pelvic diaphragm follows, above, the line of origin of the Levator ani and is therefore somewhat variable. In front it is attached to the back of the pubic symphysis about 2 cm above its lower border.

It can then be traced laterally across the back of the superior ramus of the pubis for a distance of about 1.25 cm, when it reaches the obturator fascia.

It is attached to this fascia along a line which pursues a somewhat irregular course to the spine of the ischium.

The irregularity of this line is because the origin of the Levator ani, which in lower forms is from the pelvic brim, is in man lower down, on the obturator fascia.

Tendinous fibers of origin of the muscle are therefore often found extending up toward, and in some cases reaching, the pelvic brim, and on these the fascia is carried.

Inferior

The diaphragmatic part of the pelvic fascia covers both surfaces of the Levatores ani. The inferior layer is known as the anal fascia. It is attached above to the obturator fascia along the line of origin of the Levator ani, while below it is continuous with the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, and with the fascia on the Sphincter ani internus.

Additional images

The relations of the femoral and abdominal inguinal rings, seen from within the abdomen. Right side.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

part_6/chapter_37.html — Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School

UpToDate Contents

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1. 女性における骨盤臓器脱：疫学、危険因子、臨床症状、およびマネージメントの概要 pelvic organ prolapse in women an overview of the epidemiology risk factors clinical manifestations and management
2. 女性における筋膜性骨盤痛症候群のマネージメントのための骨盤底の運動療法 pelvic floor physical therapy for management of myofascial pelvic pain syndrome in women
3. 妊娠および出産に関連した尿失禁および骨盤臓器脱 urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse associated with pregnancy and childbirth
4. 直腸脱の概要 overview of rectal procidentia rectal prolapse
5. 女性における慢性骨盤痛の原因 causes of chronic pelvic pain in women

English Journal

Transabdominal-pelvic-perineal (TAPP) anterolateral thigh flap: A new reconstructive technique for complex defects following extended abdominoperineal resection.

di Summa PG1, Matter M2, Kalbermatten DF3, Bauquis O4, Raffoul W4.
Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS.J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg.2016 Mar;69(3):359-67. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.10.044. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
BACKGROUND: Abdominoperineal resection (APR) following radiotherapy is associated with a high rate of perineal wound complications. The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap, combined with the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle, can cover complex perineal and pelvic anteroposterior defects. This is used for the
PMID 26732292

Modified Open Laparoscopy Using a 5-mm Laparoscope.

Pryor KP1, Hurd WW.
Obstetrics and gynecology.Obstet Gynecol.2016 Mar;127(3):535-8. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001202.
BACKGROUND: In an effort to minimize injuries associated with closed laparoscopic entry, many surgeons use a 10-mm standard open laparoscopy technique. Disadvantages of this open technique are that it requires a larger incision, fascial sutures, and does not always achieve an airtight seal. Although
PMID 26855100

Laparoscopic implantation of artificial urinary sphincter: An option for treating recurrent female urinary incontinence.

Baldissera-Aradas JV1, Rodríguez-Villamil L2, González-Rodríguez I2, Gil-Ugarteburu R2, Fernández-Pello-Montes S2, Mosquera-Madera J2.
Actas urologicas espanolas.Actas Urol Esp.2016 Feb 19. pii: S0210-4806(16)00010-3. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2015.12.012. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: The failure rate for anti-incontinence surgery ranges from 5% to 80%. There is not actual consensus on the use of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) as treatment for recurrent urinary incontinence in women. Several authors have shown that AUS can be useful, if the intrinsic sphincteric
PMID 26905948

Japanese Journal

超高齢社会における女性の尿失禁の的確な診断と治療(特別講演3,第66回日本産科婦人科学会・学術講演会)

石河修
日本産科婦人科學會雜誌 66(8), 1979-1989, 2014-08-01
… Lower urinary tract is anatomically supported by the anterior vagina and the anterior vagina is the pubocervical fascia which is composed of elastic membrane located between the ischial spine and pubis symphysis. … In addition, the author reported that β2 adrenergic agent improved SUI and MI by a combination with pelvic floor muscle training. …
NAID 110009833016

尿管が原因となった広汎子宮全摘術後の絞扼性イレウスの1例

石川亘,石田康彦,山野武寿,立花光夫,三村太亮,宗友良憲
日本臨床外科学会雑誌 75(4), 1089-1092, 2014
症例は50歳の女性．既往歴として，約1カ月前に子宮頸がんに対して広汎子宮全摘術が施行された．嘔吐と腹痛を主訴に救急外来を受診した．腹部は軽度膨隆し圧痛軽度，間欠的な蠕動痛があり，腸蠕動音は亢進していた．癒着性イレウスと診断し保存的に加療していたが，第3病日に腹部造影CTにて絞扼性イレウスと診断し緊急手術を施行した．回腸がループを形成し限局的に拡張しており，左尿管と左総から内腸骨動静脈の間隙に陥頓し …
NAID 130004713912

傍腟組織と直腸・肛門管の神経連絡

秦史壮,荒川高志,岡田邦明,西森英史,池田慎一郎,山田真美,平間知美,矢嶋知己,石山元太郎,阿部伸一
日本大腸肛門病学会雑誌 67(8), 495-503, 2014
傍腟組織と直腸・肛門管は，直腸間膜によって遠く隔てられた構造と思われがちだが，両者の間には神経連絡があると推測される．成人女性献体10体から前頭断類似の組織切片を作成，平滑筋および神経の免疫組織染色を施した．傍腟組織は多数の神経および神経節を含み，恥頸筋膜とデノビエ筋膜がそれぞれ前後の境界を，上骨盤隔膜筋膜が外側縁をなしていた．肛門挙筋が腟に近接する高さでは，傍腟組織の前後をはさむ筋膜が不明瞭にな …
NAID 130004679123

「骨盤筋膜」

Pelvic fascia
	Coronal section of pelvis, showing arrangement of fasciæ. Viewed from behind.
	Median sagittal section of pelvis, showing arrangement of fasciæ.
Details
Latin	fascia pelvis
Identifiers
Gray's	p.420
Dorlands; /Elsevier	f_03/12355361
TA	A04.5.03.001
FMA	19725
	Anatomical terminology