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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/30 12:04:22」(JST)

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Pamidronic acid (INN) or pamidronate disodium (USAN), pamidronate disodium pentahydrate is a nitrogen containing bisphosphonate, used to prevent osteoporosis. It is marketed by Novartis under the brand name Aredia. In India, it is marketed by Curacell Biotech under the brand name Pamimed.

Uses[edit]

It is used to prevent bone loss, and treat osteoporosis. It is also used to strengthen bone in Paget's disease, to prevent bone loss due to steroid use, and in certain cancers with high propensity to bone, such as multiple myeloma. In multiple myeloma, it is usually administered as an intravenous infusion, lasting about 3 hours. The therapy is repeated monthly, and lasts for the life of the patient. Due to its ability to sequester calcium in bone, it is also used to treat high calcium levels. It is also used as an experimental treatment of the bone disorder known as Osteogenesis Imperfecta, brittle bones and fragile fatigues.

Administration[edit]

Intravenous, usually 90 mg monthly. 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg and for hospitals, 120 mg vials are available, mixed with mannitol.

Side effects[edit]

Common side effects include bone pain, low calcium levels, nausea, and dizziness. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a rare complication which has been associated with the use of bisphosphonates, including pamidronate.^[1]

Pamidronate activates human γδ T cells in vitro and in vivo, which may lead to flu-like symptoms upon administration.

References[edit]

^ Zarychanski R, Elphee E, Walton P, Johnston J (2006). "Osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with pamidronate therapy.". Am J Hematol 81 (1): 73–5. doi:10.1002/ajh.20481. PMID 16369966.

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 高カルシウム血症の治療 treatment of hypercalcemia
2. 進行性前立腺癌における骨転移のマネージメント management of bone metastases in advanced prostate cancer
3. 乳癌からの骨転移マネージメントにおける破骨細胞阻害 osteoclast inhibition in the management of bone metastases from breast cancer
4. 多発性骨髄腫患者のビスフォスフォネート製剤の使用 the use of bisphosphonates in patients with multiple myeloma
5. 閉経後女性における骨粗鬆症に対するビスホスホネート投与 the use of bisphosphonates in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

English Journal

A Role of Oral Bacteria in Bisphosphonate-induced Osteonecrosis of the Jaw.

Mawardi H, Giro G, Kajiya M, Ohta K, Almazrooa S, Alshwaimi E, Woo SB, Nishimura I, Kawai T.SourceDepartment of Immunology, The Forsyth Institute, 245 1 St., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Journal of dental research.J Dent Res.2011 Nov;90(11):1339-45. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
No consensus has yet been reached to associate oral bacteria conclusively with the etio-pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ). Therefore, the present study examined the effects of oral bacteria on the development of BONJ-like lesions in a mouse model. In the pamidron
PMID 21921248

Optimising the use of bone-targeted agents in patients with metastatic cancers: a practical guide for medical oncologists.

Bouganim N, Dranitsaris G, Amir E, Clemons M.SourceDivision of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Canada.
Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer.Support Care Cancer.2011 Nov;19(11):1687-96. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
Bone metastases can be associated with a significant worsening of patient morbidity and mortality. Bisphosphonates have been extensively researched and shown to delay the onset and reduce the incidence of complications from bone metastases. The most commonly used bisphosphonates are intravenous pami
PMID 21785900

Japanese Journal

A Case of Primary Hyperparathyroidism Found by Parathyroid Crisis

Sakuragi Shizu,Taguchi Akihiko,Miyazaki Mutsuko,Mitani Noriyuki,Matsuda Kazuyuki,Fukuda Naofumi,Inoue Yasushi
The bulletin of the Yamaguchi Medical School 51(1/2), 17-21, 2004-06
… Serum calsium level decreased gradually after six times of hemodialyses and infusion of bisphosphonate, pamidronate disodium. …
NAID 110004101306

重粒子線照射後のラット骨量減少に対する Etidronate disodium と Pamidronate disodium の抑制効果

長谷川正午,飯田治三
日本骨形態計測学会雑誌 = Journal of Japanese Society of Bone Morphometry 13(1), 43-50, 2003-04-30
NAID 50000829460

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リンク元	「パミドロン酸」「pamidronic acid」

「パミドロン酸」

Pamidronic acid
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
MedlinePlus	a601163
Pregnancy cat.	B3 (AU) D (US)
Legal status	POM (UK) ℞-only (US)
Routes	Intravenous
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	n/a
Protein binding	54%
Metabolism	Nil
Half-life	28 ± 7 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS number	40391-99-9
ATC code	M05BA03
PubChem	CID 4674
DrugBank	DB00282
ChemSpider	4512
UNII	OYY3447OMC
KEGG	D07281
ChEMBL	CHEMBL834
Chemical data
Formula	C3H11NO7P2
Mol. mass	235.07 g/mol
	SMILES O=P(O)(O)C(O)(CCN)P(=O)(O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H11NO7P2/c4-2-1-3(5,12(6,7)8)13(9,10)11/h5H,1-2,4H2,(H2,6,7,8)(H2,9,10,11) ; Key:WRUUGTRCQOWXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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