n.

WordNet

nocturnal wildcat of Central America and South America having a dark-spotted buff-brown coat (同)panther cat, Felis pardalis
beat with a cat-o-nine-tails
feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats (同)true cat
a spiteful woman gossip; "what a cat she is!"
type genus of the Felidae: true cats and most wildcats (同)genus Felis
cats; wildcats; lions; leopards; cheetahs; saber-toothed tigers (同)family Felidae

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オセロット(はん点のある中型のヤマネコ;中・南米産)
『猫』;(ライオン,トラ,ヒョウなどの)ネコ科の動物

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/06 15:13:40」(JST)

The ocelot (/ˈɒsəlɒt/; Leopardus pardalis), also known as the dwarf leopard, is a wild cat distributed extensively within South America including the islands of Trinidad and Margarita, Central America, and Mexico. It has been reported as far north as Texas.^[2]^[3] North of Mexico, it is found regularly only in the extreme southern part of Texas,^[4] although there are rare sightings in southern Arizona.^[5]

The ocelot is similar in appearance to a domestic cat. Its fur resembles that of a clouded leopard or jaguar and was once regarded as particularly valuable. As a result, hundreds of thousands of ocelots were once killed for their fur. The feline was classified as a vulnerable species from 1972 until 1996, and is now listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.

Etymology

The name ocelot comes from the Nahuatl word ōcēlōtl (pronounced [oːˈseːloːt͡ɬ]), which usually refers to the jaguar (Panthera onca) rather than the ocelot.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Taxonomy

The ocelot's genus Leopardus consists of nine species similar to the ocelot, such as Geoffroy's cat and the margay, which are also endemic to South and Central America. All of the cats in Leopardus are spotted, lithe, and small, with the ocelot being the biggest.

Subspecies

The following are the currently recognized subspecies of ocelot:^[2]

Leopardus pardalis pardalis, Amazon Rainforest
Leopardus pardalis aequatorialis, northern Andes and Central America
Leopardus pardalis albescens, eastern Mexico, southern Texas
Leopardus pardalis melanurus, Venezuela, Guyana, Trinidad
Leopardus pardalis mitis, Argentina, Paraguay
Leopardus pardalis nelsoni, southwestern Mexico
Leopardus pardalis pseudopardalis, Colombia
Leopardus pardalis puseaus, Ecuador
Leopardus pardalis sonoriensis, northwestern Mexico, southern Arizona
Leopardus pardalis steinbachi, Bolivia

Certain ocelot subspecies are officially endangered, although the species as a whole is not.^{[citation needed]}

Characteristics

Profile.

The ocelot ranges from 68 to 100 centimetres (27 to 39 in) in length, plus 26 to 45 centimeters (10 to 18 in) in tail length, and typically weighs 8 to 18 kilograms (18 to 40 lb), although much larger individuals have occasionally been recorded,^[9]^[10]^[11] making it the largest of the Leopardus genus. It has sleek, smooth fur, rounded ears and relatively large front paws. While similar in appearance to the oncilla and margay, which inhabit the same region, the ocelot is larger.

The coat pattern of ocelots can vary, being anything from cream to reddish-brown in color, or sometimes grayish, and marked with black rosettes. In many individuals, some of the spots, especially on the back, blend together to form irregular curved stripes or bands. The fur is short, and paler than the rest of the coat beneath. There are also single white spots, called ocelli, on the backs of the ears. Two black stripes line both sides of the face, and the long tail is banded by black.

Ecology and behavior

Captive ocelot

The ocelot is mostly nocturnal and territorial. It will fight fiercely, sometimes to the death, in territorial disputes. In addition, the cat marks its territory with urine. Like most felines, it is solitary, usually meeting only to mate. However, during the day it rests in trees or other dense foliage, and occasionally shares its spot with another ocelot of the same sex. Males occupy territories of 3.5 to 46 square kilometers (1.4 to 17.8 sq mi), while females occupy smaller, non-overlapping territories of 0.8 to 15 square kilometers (0.31 to 5.79 sq mi). Territories are marked by urine spraying and by leaving feces in prominent locations, sometimes favoring particular latrine sites.^[10]

Barro Colorado Island holds the highest ocelot density recorded: between 1.59-1.74 ocelots per km2 (0.62 mi2), probably due to high number of prey, artificial lake, increased protection from poaching, and lack of large predators, such as cougars and jaguars, though they temporarily visit the island.^[12]^[13]

Ocelots hunt over a range of 18 km² (6.9 sq mi), taking mostly small animals, including mammals, lizards, turtles, and frogs, crabs, birds, and fish.^[14] Almost all of the prey that the ocelot hunts is far smaller than itself, with rodents, rabbits, and opossums forming the largest part of the diet.^[10] Results of studies suggest that it follows and finds prey via odor trails, but the ocelot also has very good vision, including night vision.

Reproduction and life cycle

Ocelot

Ocelots mate at any time of year, but have litters only once every other year. The female may mate again shortly after losing a litter. When in estrus, she is sexually receptive for between seven to 10 days. After mating, she looks for a den in a cave in a rocky bluff, hollow tree, or a dense, preferably thorny, thicket. Gestation lasts 79 to 82 days, and usually results in the birth of a single kitten with closed eyes and a thin covering of hair. Litters of two or three kittens also occur, but are less common. The small litter size and relative infrequency of breeding make the ocelot particularly vulnerable to population loss.^[10]

Compared with other small cats, ocelot kittens grow quite slowly. They weigh around 250 grams (8.8 oz) at birth, and do not open their eyes for 15 to 18 days. They begin to leave the den at three months, but remain with their mother for up to two years, before dispersing to establish their own territory. Ocelots live for up to 20 years in captivity.^[10]

Distribution and habitat

Moche Ocelot. 200 A.D. Larco Museum Collection Lima, Peru

The ocelot is distributed extensively over South America (including the islands of Margarita and Trinidad), Central America, and Mexico with a small population in southern Texas.^[2]^[3]^[15]^[16] Countries in this range are: Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States and Venezuela. The cat is likely extinct in Uruguay.^[1]

Ocelots only inhabit areas with relatively dense vegetation cover, although they may occasionally hunt in more open areas at night. They are found in tropical forest, thorn forest, mangrove swamps and savanna, at elevations ranging up to 1,200 meters (3,900 ft).^[10]

The ocelot once inhabited the chaparral thickets of the Gulf Coast of south and eastern Texas, and could be found in Arizona, Louisiana, and Arkansas.^[17] In the United States, it now ranges only in several small areas of dense thicket in South Texas and is rarely sighted in Arizona. On November 7, 2009, an ocelot was photographed in the mountains of Cochise County, Arizona. This was the first such verifiable evidence of the feline's presence in the state.^[18] In February 2011, the Arizona Game and Fish Department confirmed the sighting of another ocelot in the Huachuca Mountains of southern Arizona.^[19] Most surviving Texas ocelots are in the shrublands remaining at or near the Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge near Brownsville, where only 30-35 animals remain.^[20]

Threats

The remnant U.S. ocelot population in south Texas has declined from 80-120 individuals in 1995 to less than 50 in recent years, with about half of ocelot deaths resulting from automobile accidents.^[21]^[22]

In Trinidad, habitat fragmentation, as well as direct exploitation via illegal poaching are major threats to the survival of the remnant populations of ocelots on the island. No empirical studies have been conducted to reliably estimate population status on the island. Historical records indicate that the species once existed on the island of Tobago, but it has long been extirpated there.^{[citation needed]}

As pets

Salvador Dalí and Babou the ocelot

Like many wild cats, ocelots are occasionally kept as pets. Salvador Dalí frequently traveled with his pet ocelot Babou,^[23] even bringing it aboard the luxury ocean liner SS France.^[24]

Musician Gram Parsons kept an ocelot as a pet in the back yard swimming pool area of his family's Winter Haven, Florida, home, during his teens, in the mid-1960s.^[25]

The Moche people of ancient Peru worshipped animals and often depicted the ocelot in their art.^[26]

References

^ ^a ^b Caso, A., Lopez-Gonzalez, C., Payan, E., Eizirik, E., de Oliveira, T., Leite-Pitman, R., Kelly, M. & Valderrama, C. (2008). "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015. International Union for Conservation of Nature.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wozencraft, W.C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 538. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ ^a ^b Ocelot. The Animal Files. Retrieved on 2012-04-10.
^ "The Nature Conservancy in Texas – Mammals – Ocelot". nature.org.
^ "North American Mammals – Carnivora – Felidae – Leopardus pardalis". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
^ "ocelot, n.". Oxford English Dictionary. 2004.
^ Karttunen, Frances (1983). An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl. Austin: University of Texas Press. p. 176.
^ Lockhart, James (2001). Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 228.
^ Burnie, D.; D. E. Wilson (2001). Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife. New York City: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0-7894-7764-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Sunquist, M.; Sunquist, F. (2002). Wild cats of the World. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 120–129. ISBN 0-226-77999-8.
^ Moreno, R. S.; Kays, R. W.; Samudio, R. (2006). "Competitive release in diets of ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and puma (Puma concolor) after jaguar (Panthera onca) decline" (PDF). Journal of Mammalogy 87 (4): 808–816. doi:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-360R2.1.
^ "Comparison of noninvasive genetics and camera trapping for estimating population density of ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama" (PDF). Tropical Conservation Science 7(4): 690–705. 19 August 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
^ Hance, Jeremy (December 18, 2014). "Ocelots live in super densities on Barro Colorado Island". Retrieved March 2015.
^ Briggs, M.; P. Briggs (2006). The Encyclopedia of World Wildlife. Parragon Books. ISBN 978-1-4054-3679-3.
^ Trinidad. Paria Springs. Retrieved on 2011-09-15.
^ "News Release, March 2014 - Laguna Atascosa - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service". Fws.gov. Retrieved 2014-04-21.
^ Mammals: Ocelot The San Diego Zoo
^ "Rare ocelot photographed in southern Arizona". Associated Press. 17 April 2010.
^ "Rare ocelot observed in southern Arizona". Arizona Game and Fish Department. 9 February 2011.
^ "Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis)". Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
^ Ocelot (PDF) (Report). Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
^ Steve Sinclair (2013-10-10). "Current Sightings: Plight of the ocelot: Endangered cat’s future uncertain". The Coastal Current. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
^ Dali with Capitain Moore and Ocelot – Vintage photo. Ecademy.com. Retrieved on 2011-09-15.
^ Huggler, Justin. "Chic ship too toxic for scrapping". ssMaritime.com. Archived from the original on 2007-02-21.
^ "Return of the grievous angel: New bio of Gram Parsons offers tragic insights" (PDF). Austin American Statesman. Retrieved 2009-11-02. ^{[dead link]}
^ Museo Arqueologico Rafael Larco Herrera (1997). Katherine Berrin, ed. The Spirit of Ancient Peru: Treasures from the Museo Arqueologico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York City: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-01802-6.

External links

IUCN / SCC Cat Specialist Group: Ocelot
National Geographic Society: Ocelot
Ocelot Behavior & Care, by Mindy Stinner
Ecology of the Ocelot and Margay

English Journal

Nipah virus: epidemiology, pathology, immunobiology and advances in diagnosis, vaccine designing and control strategies - a comprehensive review.

Singh RK, Dhama K, Chakraborty S, Tiwari R, Natesan S, Khandia R, Munjal A, Vora KS, Latheef SK, Karthik K, Singh Malik Y, Singh R, Chaicumpa W, Mourya DT.
The Veterinary quarterly. 2019 Dec;39(1)26-55.
Nipah (Nee-pa) viral disease is a zoonotic infection caused by Nipah virus (NiV), a paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. It is a biosafety level-4 pathogen, which is transmitted by specific types of fruit bats, mainly Pteropus spp. which are natural reservo
PMID 31006350

Feline Panleukopenia: A Re-emergent Disease.

, B B, V V, V V, .
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice. 2019 Jul;49(4)651-670.
Feline panleukopenia (FPL) is caused by a Carnivore protoparvovirus infection. Feline parvovirus (FPV) causes most cases. When Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) first emerged, it could not replicate in cats. All current CPV variants (CPV-2a-c) can infect cats to cause subclinical disease or FPL. Feline pa
PMID 30967253

Update on Feline Hemoplasmosis.

, B B, E E, E E, .
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice. 2019 Jul;49(4)733-743.
"The wall-less, hemotropic, mycoplasma species Mycoplasma haemofelis, "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" and, to a lesser extent, "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" have the potential to induce clinical hemolytic anemia in infected cats. Prevalence varies markedly between infecting species, compli
PMID 30961999

Japanese Journal

An execution time prediction analytical model for GPU with instruction-level and thread-level parallelism awareness

研究報告ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティング（HPC） 2011-HPC-130(19), 1-9, 2011-07-20
NAID 110008583375

Ocelot Leopardus pardalis in Belize : the impact of trap spacing and distance moved on density estimates

Oryx 41, 469-477, 2007
NAID 80018055307

ニホンスモモにおける種子数と胚の発育程度の品種間差及びそれらと果実肥大の関係

九州大学農学部農場研究報告 (12), 30-35, 2005-10
NAID 120001280542

トバゴ(ウエストインディーズ)とトリニダードで飼育されているコクリコ(ワキアカヒメシヤクケイ)の現地調査

Japanese journal of zoo and wildlife medicine = 日本野生動物医学会誌 6(2), 61-66, 2001-09-01
NAID 110002665392

Related Pictures

Ocelots | Carolina Tiger Rescue File:Ocelot.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Wildlife guide to the Pantanal Ocelot Animal | Facts Information & Latest Pictures | All Wildlife Photographs How do you titillate an ocelot? : Jokes The Ocelot | Animals Lover Ocelot | Animal Wildlife Facts About Ocelots

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リンク元	「cat」「Felis」「Felis catus」「Felidae」「domestic cat」

「cat」

Ocelot
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Felidae
Genus:	Leopardus
Species:	L. pardalis
Binomial name
	Leopardus pardalis; (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Ocelot range

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n.

(食肉類の動物)ネコ

関: domestic cat、Felidae、feline、Felis、Felis catus、ocelot

linux

1. ファイル内容表示(windows -> type)
2. splitで分割したファイルの結合

cat sophos1.* > newfile.png

関: cats, toxoplasmosis

「Felis」

　　[★]

n.

(食肉類の一属)ネコ属、フェリス属、Felis属

関: cat、domestic cat、Felidae、Felis catus、ocelot

「Felis catus」

　　[★]

ネコ、イエネコ

関: cat、domestic cat、Felidae、feline、Felis、ocelot

「Felidae」

　　[★]

n.

(食肉類)ネコ科
関: cat、domestic cat、Felis、Felis catus、ocelot

「domestic cat」

　　[★]

イエネコ

関: cat、Felidae、Felis、Felis catus、ocelot

[iucn-1] Caso, A., Lopez-Gonzalez, C., Payan, E., Eizirik, E., de Oliveira, T., Leite-Pitman, R., Kelly, M. & Valderrama, C. (2008). "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015. International Union for Conservation of Nature.

[msw3-2] Wozencraft, W.C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 538. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[theanimalfiles1-3] Ocelot. The Animal Files. Retrieved on 2012-04-10.

[4] "The Nature Conservancy in Texas – Mammals – Ocelot". nature.org.

[5] "North American Mammals – Carnivora – Felidae – Leopardus pardalis". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2010-02-23.

[6] "ocelot, n.". Oxford English Dictionary. 2004.

[7] Karttunen, Frances (1983). An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl. Austin: University of Texas Press. p. 176.

[8] Lockhart, James (2001). Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 228.

[Animal-9] Burnie, D.; D. E. Wilson (2001). Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife. New York City: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0-7894-7764-5.

[WCoW-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Sunquist, M.; Sunquist, F. (2002). Wild cats of the World. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 120–129. ISBN 0-226-77999-8.

[11] Moreno, R. S.; Kays, R. W.; Samudio, R. (2006). "Competitive release in diets of ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and puma (Puma concolor) after jaguar (Panthera onca) decline" (PDF). Journal of Mammalogy 87 (4): 808–816. doi:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-360R2.1.

[12] "Comparison of noninvasive genetics and camera trapping for estimating population density of ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama" (PDF). Tropical Conservation Science 7(4): 690–705. 19 August 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2015.

[13] Hance, Jeremy (December 18, 2014). "Ocelots live in super densities on Barro Colorado Island". Retrieved March 2015.

[EWW-14] Briggs, M.; P. Briggs (2006). The Encyclopedia of World Wildlife. Parragon Books. ISBN 978-1-4054-3679-3.

[15] Trinidad. Paria Springs. Retrieved on 2011-09-15.

[16] "News Release, March 2014 - Laguna Atascosa - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service". Fws.gov. Retrieved 2014-04-21.

[17] Mammals: Ocelot The San Diego Zoo

[18] "Rare ocelot photographed in southern Arizona". Associated Press. 17 April 2010.

[19] "Rare ocelot observed in southern Arizona". Arizona Game and Fish Department. 9 February 2011.

[20] "Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis)". Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved 2013-10-18.

[21] Ocelot (PDF) (Report). Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved 2013-10-18.

[22] Steve Sinclair (2013-10-10). "Current Sightings: Plight of the ocelot: Endangered cat’s future uncertain". The Coastal Current. Retrieved 2013-10-18.

[23] Dali with Capitain Moore and Ocelot – Vintage photo. Ecademy.com. Retrieved on 2011-09-15.

[24] Huggler, Justin. "Chic ship too toxic for scrapping". ssMaritime.com. Archived from the original on 2007-02-21.

[25] "Return of the grievous angel: New bio of Gram Parsons offers tragic insights" (PDF). Austin American Statesman. Retrieved 2009-11-02. ^{[dead link]}

[26] Museo Arqueologico Rafael Larco Herrera (1997). Katherine Berrin, ed. The Spirit of Ancient Peru: Treasures from the Museo Arqueologico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York City: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-01802-6.

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