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1. 原発性（先天性）脳ヘルニア primary congenital encephalocele
2. 神経管欠損症の超音波診断 ultrasound diagnosis of neural tube defects
3. キアリ奇形 chiari malformations
4. 鼻の先天異常 congenital anomalies of the nose
5. ネフロン癆の臨床症状、診断、および治療 clinical manifestations diagnosis and treatment of nephronophthisis

Maternal serum vitamin D levels in pregnancies complicated by neural tube defects.

Daglar K1, Tokmak A1, Kirbas A1, Guzel AI1, Erkenekli K1, Yucel A1, Uygur D1.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2016 Jan;29(2):298-302. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2014.999037. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
OBJECTIVE: The association between vitamin D deficiency and abnormal neural development has been proposed previously. We aimed to evaluate maternal serum vitamin D levels in pregnancies complicated by neural tube defects (NTDs) and compared them with healthy pregnant women.METHODS: A total of 60 pre
PMID 25544605

[Prevalence of neural tube defects and estimation of cases averted in the post-fortification period in Argentina].

Bidondo MP1, Liascovich R1, Barbero P1, Groisman B1.
Archivos argentinos de pediatría.Arch Argent Pediatr.2015 Dec 1;113(6):498-501.
Periconceptional intake of folic acid has demonstrated to be effective to reduce the frequency of neural tube defects, and food fortification has been one of the strategies implemented to increase it. An update is herein presented on the reduced prevalence of neural tube defect cases in the post-for
PMID 26593794

Yang Z1, Wang Z1, Wang B1, Liu P2.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.J Clin Neurosci.2015 Dec;22(12):1916-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.03.066.
We performed a retrospective study to assess the mechanisms and surgical strategies for transsellar transsphenoid encephalocele, a rare type of basal encephalocele. Its clinical presentations include multiple endocrine disturbances, visual deficits, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and dyspnea. Howeve
PMID 26256066

Airway management in a patient with occipital encephalocele with retrognathia and complete bilateral cleft palate

Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis in Newborns With Neuraxial Malformations : Two Case Reports

GULCAN Hande,ONAL Cagatay,ARSLAN Selda,BAYINDIR Tuba
Neurologia medico-chirurgica 45(10), 536-539, 2005-10-15
… Two neonates presented with inspiratory stridor due to bilateral vocal cord paralysis associated with occipital encephalocele, Chiari malformation, and hydrocephalus in one patient, and cervical meningomyelocele and Chiari malformation in the other patient. … The clinical symptoms dramatically regressed after repair of the encephalocele or meningomyelocele with no requirement for craniovertebral decompressive procedures or shunts in the acute phase. …
NAID 110002556713