核断片化

WordNet

of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of an atom; "nuclear physics"; "nuclear fission"; "nuclear forces"
(weapons) deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy; "nuclear war"; "nuclear weapons"; "atomic bombs" (同)atomic
constituting or like a nucleus; "annexation of the suburban fringe by the nuclear metropolis"; "the nuclear core of the congregation"
of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of a cell; "nuclear membrane"; "nuclear division"
(computer science) the condition of a file that is broken up and stored in many different locations on a magnetic disk; "fragmentation slows system performance because it takes extra time to locate and assemble the parts of the fragmented file"
the disintegration of social norms governing behavior and thought and social relationships
the scattering of bomb fragments after the bomb explodes

PrepTutorEJDIC

『核の』,細胞核の / [『原子』]『核の』
ばらばら(こなごな)になること,分裂

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1. Clinical significance of antinuclear antibody staining patterns and associated autoantibodies
2. 原子力災害後の小児における放射線被曝のマネージメント management of radiation exposure in children following a nuclear disaster
3. 小児における放射線被曝の臨床的特徴 clinical features of radiation exposure in children
4. 機械的損傷による外因性非免疫性溶血性貧血：断片化溶血および脾機能亢進 extrinsic nonimmune hemolytic anemia due to mechanical damage fragmentation hemolysis and hypersplenism
5. 甲状腺ホルモンの作用 thyroid hormone action

English Journal

Evidence for necrosis, but not apoptosis, in human hepatoma cells with knockdown of mitochondrial aquaporin-8.

Marchissio MJ1, Francés DE, Carnovale CE, Marinelli RA.Author information 1Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.AbstractWe previously found that mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (mtAQP8) channels facilitate mitochondrial H2O2 release in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and that their knockdown causes oxidant-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of viability. Here, we studied whether apoptosis or necrosis is involved as the mode of cell death. We confirmed that siRNA-induced mtAQP8 knockdown significantly decreased HepG2 viability by MTT assay, LDH leakage, and trypan blue exclusion test. Analysis of mitochondrial proapoptotic Bax-to-antiapoptotic BclXL ratio, mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation showed no alterations in mtAQP8-knockdown cells. This indicates a primary mechanism of cell death other than the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Thus, nuclear staining with DAPI did not reveal any increase of apoptotic features, i.e. chromatin condensation or nuclear fragmentation. Flow cytometry studies after double cell staining with annexin V and propidium iodide confirmed lack of apoptosis and suggested necrosis as the primary mechanism of death in mtAQP8-knockdown HepG2 cells. Necrosis was further supported by the increased nuclear delocalization and extracellular release of the High Mobility Group Box 1 protein. The knockdown of mtAQP8 in another human hepatoma-derived cell line, i.e. HuH-7 cells, also induced necrotic but not apoptotic death. Our data suggest that mtAQP8 knockdown induces necrotic cell death in human neoplastic hepatic cells, a finding that might be relevant to therapeutic strategies against hepatoma cells.
Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death.Apoptosis.2014 May;19(5):851-9. doi: 10.1007/s10495-014-0966-3.
We previously found that mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (mtAQP8) channels facilitate mitochondrial H2O2 release in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and that their knockdown causes oxidant-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of viability. Here, we studied whether apoptosis or necrosis is involved as the
PMID 24415197

Photodynamic anti-cancer effects of fullerene [C60]-PEG complex on fibrosarcomas preferentially over normal fibroblasts in terms of fullerene uptake and cytotoxicity.

Asada R1, Liao F, Saitoh Y, Miwa N.Author information 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Butsuryo College of Osaka, 3-33 Otorikita-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, 593-8328, Japan, asada@butsuryo.ac.jp.AbstractA water-soluble complex of fullerene [C60]:polyethylene glycol (PEG) (1:350 wt/wt) (C60-PEG), but not PEG alone, was found in the present study by ESR/DMPO spin-trap method to generate hydroxyl radicals 6.5-fold as abundant as the non-irradiation level, when irradiated with visible light (400-600 nm, 140 J/cm(2): 450-fold as intense as in average outdoor), but not to generate without irradiation. At 3 h after irradiation with C60-PEG, human fibrosarcoma cells HT1080 were obviously degenerated together with diminished microvilli, cell shrinkage and cell fragmentation as observed by SEM and were shown either for increased cytotoxicity by dual stains with calcein-AM and propidium iodide or for nuclear condensation and fragmentation by Hoechst 33342 stain, any of which were, in contrast, scarcely changed in normal human fibroblastic cells DUMS16 derived from the same connective tissue type as HT1080 cells. Under the conditions, the maximum intracellular uptake amount was more abundant for HT1080 cells than for DUMS16 cells, either by immunostain/fluorography using polyclonal antibody against fullerene [C60], or by HPLC method indicating the 2.4-fold preferential uptake of C60-PEG into HT1080 cells, suggested to greater phagocytotic ability characteristic of cancer cells, over DUMS16 cells being non-macrophage-like normal cells. Thus, C60-PEG is expected as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy with scarce side effects to normal cells and preferential reactive oxygen species generation in cancer cells.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry.Mol Cell Biochem.2014 May;390(1-2):175-84. doi: 10.1007/s11010-014-1968-8. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
A water-soluble complex of fullerene [C60]:polyethylene glycol (PEG) (1:350 wt/wt) (C60-PEG), but not PEG alone, was found in the present study by ESR/DMPO spin-trap method to generate hydroxyl radicals 6.5-fold as abundant as the non-irradiation level, when irradiated with visible light (400-600 n
PMID 24496749

Thioridazine, an antipsychotic drug, elicits potent antitumor effects in gastric cancer.

Mu J1, Xu H2, Yang Y2, Huang W2, Xiao J3, Li M1, Tan Z1, Ding Q1, Zhang L1, Lu J1, Wu X1, Liu Y1.Author information 1Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University school of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.2State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China.3College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P.R. China.AbstractThioridazine, an antipsychotic drug, has been reported to induce apoptosis in various types of cancer cells, with specificity on targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, whether it elicits anticancer effects in gastric cancer has never been reported. In the present study, we examined the ability of thioridazine to induce cell death in the gastric cancer cell lines NCI-N87 and AGS, and detected its in vivo tumor inhibition capacity. Thioridazine elicited cytotoxic effects on NCI-N87 and AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibited the colony formation abilitiy of the NCI-N87 and AGS cells. Thioridazine treatment induced nuclear fragmentation, increased the proportion of sub-G1 phase cells, and elevated the percentage of Annexin V-positive cells, suggesting the occurrence of apoptosis. Moreover, thioridazine induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner, as shown by a decrease in the precursors of casapse-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3, and by the ability of the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK to reverse the cytotoxic effect of thioridazine. JC-1 staining further revealed that thioridazine induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. In addition, thioridazine pretreatment inhibited the growth of NCI-N87 cell-derived tumors. The present study demonstrated that the antipsychotic drug thioridazine possesses anti-gastric cancer ability through in vitro and in vivo experiments, suggesting thioridazine as a potential drug in gastric cancer therapy.
Oncology reports.Oncol Rep.2014 May;31(5):2107-14. doi: 10.3892/or.2014.3068. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Thioridazine, an antipsychotic drug, has been reported to induce apoptosis in various types of cancer cells, with specificity on targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, whether it elicits anticancer effects in gastric cancer has never been reported. In the present study, we examined the ability
PMID 24604290

Japanese Journal

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Silene kiusiana (Caryophyllaceae) in the Aso Region, Kyushu, Japan, Revealed by Novel Nuclear Microsatellite Markers

YAMASAKI TAKASHI,OZEKI KEICHI,FUJII NORIYUKI,TAKEHARA MARI,YOKOGAWA MASASHI,KANEKO SHINGO,ISAGI YUJI
APG : Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica 63(3), 107-120, 2013-04-05
… The semi-natural grasslands in the Aso region have decreased in size over the past several decades, and thus habitat fragmentation may have caused genetic differentiation among populations of S. …
NAID 110009596183

TLR3-mediated apoptosis and activation of phosphorylated Akt in the salivary gland epithelial cells of primary Sjögren's syndrome patients

Nakamura Hideki,Horai Yoshiro,Suzuki Takahisa,Okada Akitomo,Ichinose Kunihiro,Yamasaki Satoshi,Koji Takehiko,Kawakami Atsushi
Rheumatology International 33(2), 441-450, 2013-02-00
… Compared with stimulation with the peptidoglycan or lipopolysaccharide, that with poly (I:C) induced significant nuclear fragmentation, as determined by Hoechst staining (p = 0.0098). …
NAID 120005230844

Hybrid lethality with programmed cell death results from reciprocal interspecific crosses between Nicotiana nudicaulis Watson and N. tabacum L.

Liu Hongshuo,Hoshio Misato,Masaki Yusuke,Mori Yojiro,Marubashi Wataru
Plant Biotechnology, 2013
… tabacum seedlings die, features of apoptotic cell death, including chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and fragmentation of DNA, were evident. …
NAID 130003362430