WordNet

pleasantly new or different; "common sense of a most refreshing sort" (同)refreshing
a printed and bound book that is an extended work of fiction; "his bookcases were filled with nothing but novels"; "he burned all the novels"
an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story
(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
a specific kind of something; "a species of molecule"; "a species of villainy"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『新奇な』,ざん新な
(長編の)『小説』
〈C〉(生物分類上の)『種』(しゅ),種族(「属」(genus)の下の単位) / 〈C〉(…の)種類《+『of』+『名』》 / 《the ~》人類(mankind)
(紙弊に対した)正金,正貨

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 皮膚リーシュマニア症の疫学およびマネージメント epidemiology and control of cutaneous leishmaniasis
2. 成人における市中肺炎の疫学、病因、および微生物学 epidemiology pathogenesis and microbiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults
3. バルトネラ属の基礎生物学 basic biology of bartonella species
4. 急性呼吸窮迫症候群の新しい治療法 novel therapies for the acute respiratory distress syndrome
5. トリコスポロン種およびBlastoschizomyces capitatus
による感染 infections due to trichosporon species and blastoschizomyces capitatus

English Journal

Atrial natriuretic peptide gene variants and circulating levels: implications in cardiovascular diseases.

Rubattu S, Sciarretta S1, Volpe M.Author information 1†IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Isernia), Italy.AbstractANP (atrial natriuretic peptide), discovered 30 years ago in rat cardiac atria, has been extensively investigated with regard to physiology, pathophysiology, cardiovascular disease therapeutics and molecular genetic aspects. Besides its diuretic, natriuretic and vasorelaxant effects, novel properties of this hormone have been described. Thus anti-hypertrophic, anti-fibrotic, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory actions suggest that ANP contributes not only to haemodynamic homoeostasis and adjustments, but has also a role in cardiovascular remodelling. Circulating ANP levels represent a valuable biomarker in cardiovascular diseases. ANP structure is highly conserved among species, indicating a key role in cardiovascular health. Thus an abnormal ANP structure may contribute to an increased risk of disease due to altered functions at either the vascular or cardiac level. Among others, the 2238T>C exon 3 variant has been associated with endothelial cell damage and dysfunction and with an increased risk of acute cardiovascular events, a frameshift mutation within exon 3 has been related to increased risk of atrial fibrillation, and ANP gene variants have been linked to increased risk of hypertension in different ethnic groups. On the other hand, the rs5068 variant, falling within the 3' UTR and associated with higher circulating ANP levels, has been shown to have a beneficial cardioprotective and metabolic effect. Dissecting out the disease mechanisms dependent on specific ANP molecular variants may reveal information useful in the clinical setting for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes. Furthermore, insights from molecular genetic analysis of ANP may well integrate advancing knowledge on the role of ANP as a significant biomarker in patients affected by cardiovascular diseases.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2014 Jul 1;127(1):1-13. doi: 10.1042/CS20130427.
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide), discovered 30 years ago in rat cardiac atria, has been extensively investigated with regard to physiology, pathophysiology, cardiovascular disease therapeutics and molecular genetic aspects. Besides its diuretic, natriuretic and vasorelaxant effects, novel properti
PMID 24611929

Novel sensory surface for creatine kinase electrochemical detection.

Moreira FT1, Dutra RA2, Noronha JP3, Sales MG4.Author information 1BioMark/ISEP, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Porto, Portugal; UOSE, INESC-Porto, Faculdade Ciências/Universidade Porto, Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/FCT-UNL, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.2PROCAPE, LAPED, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.3REQUIMTE/FCT-UNL, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.4BioMark/ISEP, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: goreti.sales@gmail.com.AbstractThis work describes a novel concept of biosensor for quantifying enzymes, where the substrate is immobilized directly over the working area of a screen printed electrode (Au-SPE). This concept is applied here to creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), a cardiac biomarker in ischemic conditions. It acts as a phospho-transferase on creatine (Crea), requiring the presence of phosphate. So, the phosphorylated form of creatine (Pcrea) was immobilized on the Au/SPE previously aminated with cysteamine (Cys) by self-assembling monolayer technique. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies were used to follow the chemical modifications in the Au-SPE. Since Pcrea is an electroactive species at low potential, its consumption over the platform by the enzyme changed the electrical response of the biosensor. So, CK-MB determination has been achieved in mediator free-conditions due the redox proprieties of the Pcrea. The analytical features of the resulting biosensor were studied by square wave voltammetry (SWV). The limit of detection was 0.11µg/mL and the slope was -0.029(±0.0035)µA×mL/µg. The interference effect of troponin T (TnT), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and myoglobin (Myo) in the performance of the sensor was tested and good selectivity was observed. The biosensor was successfully applied to biological fluids, showing good stability at room temperature and excellent sensitivity and selectivity. This new concept of biosensor is especially useful for point of care (POC) applications, due to the low cost and small size of the final device.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Jun 15;56:217-22. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.12.052. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
This work describes a novel concept of biosensor for quantifying enzymes, where the substrate is immobilized directly over the working area of a screen printed electrode (Au-SPE). This concept is applied here to creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), a cardiac biomarker in ischemic conditions. It acts a
PMID 24508544

A label-free electrical impedimetric biosensor for the specific detection of Alzheimer's amyloid-beta oligomers.

Rushworth JV1, Ahmed A2, Griffiths HH3, Pollock NM3, Hooper NM3, Millner PA2.Author information 1School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: j.v.h.rushworth@leeds.ac.uk.2School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.3School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, with over 37 million sufferers worldwide and a global cost of over $600 billion. There is currently no cure for AD and no reliable method of diagnosis other than post-mortem brain examination. The development of a point-of-care test for AD is an urgent requirement in order to provide earlier diagnosis and, thus, useful therapeutic intervention. Here, we present a novel, label-free impedimetric biosensor for the specific detection of amyloid-beta oligomers (AβO), which are the primary neurotoxic species in AD. AβO have been proposed as the best biomarker for AD and levels of AβO in the blood have been found to correlate with cerebrospinal fluid load. The biorecognition element of our biosensor is a fragment of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C), residues 95-110), a highly expressed synaptic protein which mediates the neuronal binding and toxicity of AβO. During the layer-by-layer sensor construction, biotinylated PrP(C) (95-110) was attached via a biotin/NeutrAvidin bridge to polymer-functionalised gold screen-printed electrodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy were used to validate biosensor assembly and functionality. EIS was employed for biosensor interrogation in the presence of Aβ oligomers or monomers. The biosensor was specific for the detection of synthetic AβO and gave a linear response, without significant detection of monomeric Aβ, down to an equivalent AβO concentration of ~0.5pM. The biosensor was also able to detect natural, cell-derived AβO present in conditioned medium. The eventual commercialisation of this biosensor system could allow for the early diagnosis and disease monitoring of AD.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Jun 15;56:83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.12.036. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, with over 37 million sufferers worldwide and a global cost of over $600 billion. There is currently no cure for AD and no reliable method of diagnosis other than post-mortem brain examination. The development of a point-of-care test for A
PMID 24480125

Japanese Journal

Selective recovery of indium from lead-smelting dust

Sawai Hikaru,Rahman Ismail M.M.,Tsukagoshi Yoshinori,Wakabayashi Tomoya,Maki Teruya,Mizutanai Satoshi,Hasegawa Hiroshi
Chemical Engineering Journal 277, 219-228, 2015-10-01
… Non-ferrous smelting dust, especially lead-smelting dust (LSD), contains percent levels of indium and thus constitutes a novel indium resource. … Therefore, hydroxide precipitation at pH 5 has been introduced as the final step, ensuring the maintenance of zinc as a soluble species in the supernatant and the selective separation of indium (~88%) as a hydroxide precipitate. …
NAID 120005613963

Gain of cis-regulatory activities underlies novel domains of wingless gene expression in Drosophila.

Koshikawa Shigeyuki,Giorgianni Matt W,Vaccaro Kathy,Kassner Victoria A,Yoder John H,Werner Thomas,Carroll Sean B
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112(24), 7524-7529, 2015-06-01
… Here, we sought to identify molecular events underlying the origins of three novel features of wingless (wg) gene expression that are associated with distinct pigmentation patterns in Drosophila guttifera. … For pupal tissues, however, we found three novel wg enhancer activities in D. … guttifera associated with novel domains of wg expression, including two enhancers located surprisingly far away in an intron of the distant Wnt10 gene. … guttifera and other species. …
NAID 120005611429