neuraminidase inhibitors

ノイラミニダーゼ阻害薬

WordNet

1. a substance that retards or stops an activity

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 抑制する人(物) / 化学反応抑制剤

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/11 17:15:54」(JST)

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Neuraminidase inhibitors are a class of drugs which block the neuraminidase enzyme. They are commonly used as antiviral drugs because they block the function of viral neuraminidases of the influenza virus, by preventing its reproduction by budding from the host cell. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) a prodrug, Zanamivir (Relenza), Laninamivir (Inavir), and Peramivir belong to this class. Unlike the M2 inhibitors, which work only against the influenza A, neuraminidase inhibitors act against both influenza A and influenza B. The neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir were approved in the US and Europe for treatment and prevention of influenza A and B.

The efficacy was highly debated in recent years. The benefits of neuraminidase inhibitors in those who are otherwise healthy do not appear to outweigh its risks. The combination of diagnostic uncertainty, the risk for virus strain resistance, possible side effects and financial cost outweigh the small benefits of oseltamivir or zanamivir for the prophylaxis and treatment of healthy individuals. No benefit of treatment, on hospitalization, complications or risk of death has been found in randomized trials in those people at high risk for complications or the elderly. The United States Centers for Disease Control continues to recommend the use of oseltamavir treatment for people at high risk for complications and the elderly and those at lower risk who present within 48 hours of first symptoms of infection.

Common side effects include nausea and vomiting. For oseltamivir there were neuropsychiatric effects and for zanamivir bronchoconstriction occurred.

Specific neuraminidase inhibitors

• Laninamivir
• Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
• Peramivir
• Zanamivir (Relenza)

Extracts and natural molecules

• Cyanidin-3-sambubioside (Extract of Sambucus nigra, black elderberry)
• Quercetin (not a Neuraminidase inhibitor)

See also

• Discovery and development of Neuraminidase Inhibitors

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. インフルエンザに対する抗ウイルス剤の薬理学 pharmacology of antiviral drugs for influenza
• 2. 季節性インフルエンザウイルスにおける抗ウイルス薬耐性 antiviral drug resistance among seasonal influenza viruses
• 3. 成人における季節性インフルエンザの治療 treatment of seasonal influenza in adults
• 4. 小児における季節性インフルエンザ：予防および治療のための抗ウイルス剤 seasonal influenza in children prevention and treatment with antiviral drugs
• 5. 成人における、抗ウイルス剤による季節性インフルエンザの予防 prevention of seasonal influenza with antiviral drugs in adults

English Journal

• Outcomes and Susceptibility to Neuraminidase Inhibitors in Individuals Infected With Different Influenza B Lineages: The Influenza Resistance Information Study.

• van der Vries E1, Ip DK2, Cowling BJ2, Zhang JD3, Tong X4, Wojtowicz K5, Schutten M1, Boucher CA1.
• The Journal of infectious diseases.J Infect Dis.2016 Jan 15;213(2):183-90. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv375. Epub 2015 Jul 9.
• BACKGROUND: Little is known about how influenza infections caused by B/Victoria and B/Yamagata virus lineages compare with respect to disease course and susceptibility to antiviral therapy.METHODS: Data from patients with influenza B infections from the first 5 years (2009-2013) of the prospective I
• PMID 26160744

• Use of neuraminidase inhibitors for prophylaxis and treatment of pandemic influenza: summary of a Faculty of Public Health meeting.

• Haroon S1, Middleton J2, Milne E3.
• Journal of public health (Oxford, England).J Public Health (Oxf).2015 Dec 29. pii: fdv196. [Epub ahead of print]
• On 15th December 2014, a meeting was held at the Faculty of Public Health (FPH) to gain views and where possible consensus on the prophylactic use among the general population of neuraminidase inhibitors (NIs) for pandemic influenza. These perspectives were to be used to help inform the FPH's positi
• PMID 26715256

• Discovery of Influenza A virus neuraminidase inhibitors using support vector machine and Naïve Bayesian models.

• Lian W1, Fang J1, Li C1, Pang X1, Liu AL2,3,4, Du GH5,6,7.
• Molecular diversity.Mol Divers.2015 Dec 21. [Epub ahead of print]
• Neuraminidase (NA) is a critical enzyme in the life cycle of influenza virus, which is known as a successful paradigm in the design of anti-influenza agents. However, to date there are no classification models for the virtual screening of NA inhibitors. In this work, we built support vector machine
• PMID 26689205

Japanese Journal

• 抗インフルエンザウイルス薬 : 新規薬剤を中心に (特集 新しい治療薬と呼吸器感染症診療の展開)

• 渡辺 彰
• 日本胸部臨床 71(9), 893-901, 2012-09-00
• NAID 40019422765

• A randomized, controlled trial comparing traditional herbal medicine and neuraminidase inhibitors in the treatment of seasonal influenza

• NABESHIMA Shigeki,KASHIWAGI Kenichiro,AJISAKA Kazuhiko,MASUI Shinta,TAKEOKA Hiroaki,IKEMATSU Hideyuki,KASHIWAGI Seizaburo
• Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 18(4), 534-543, 2012-08-01
• NAID 10030948165

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• n.

• 阻害剤、阻害薬、抑制薬、抑制剤、(内在性物質について)インヒビター、抑制物質

関

blocker、depressant、suppressant