立毛筋
WordNet
- the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle; approximately equal to 3.14159265358979323846...
- the 16th letter of the Greek alphabet
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉パイ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第16字Π,π;英語のP,pに相当) / 〈U〉円周率(記号はπ)
- ごちゃまぜの活字 / ごちゃまぜ,混乱
- 《集合的に》たくさんのくい / たくさんのくいで作った物
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/04/12 09:09:54」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Arrector pili muscle |
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Base of pilosebaceous unit: An arrector pili muscle can be seen as the pink-staining band of tissue at the bottom center and bottom left of image
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| Details |
| Nerve |
Sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
Musculus arrector pili |
| Code |
TH H3.12.00.3.01041 |
| TA |
A16.0.00.024 |
| FMA |
67821 |
| Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
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The arrector pili muscles are small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals. Contraction of these muscles causes the hairs to stand on end,[1] known colloquially as goose bumps.
Each arrector pili is composed of a bundle of smooth muscle fibres which attach to several follicles (a follicular unit), and is innervated by the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system. The contraction of the muscle is then involuntary–stresses such as cold, fear etc. may stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, and thus cause contraction.
Contraction of the muscles has a number of different purposes. Its principal function in the majority of mammals is to provide insulation: air becomes trapped between the erect hairs, helping the animal retain heat. Erection of the porcupine's long, thick hairs causes the animal to become more intimidating, scaring predators. Pressure exerted by the muscle may cause sebum to be forced along the hair follicle towards the surface, protecting the hair.
The effectiveness of the muscles' action in humans has been questioned, as humans have relatively little body hair to allow for thermal insulation.[citation needed]
Additional images
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Insertion of sebaceous glands into hair shaft
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Cross-section of all skin layers
References
- ^ David H. Cormack (1 June 2001). Essential histology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-0-7817-1668-0. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
- Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web; http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/topics/mammal_anatomy/hair.html
- Burkitt, Young; et al. (1993). Wheater's Functional Histology: a text and colour atlas. Heath. p. 162.
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Skin and related structures
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| Skin |
| Epidermis |
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum lucidum
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum spinosum
- Stratum basale
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| Basement membrane |
- Basal keratinocyte
- Lamina lucida
- Lamina densa
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| Dermis |
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| Subcutaneous tissue |
- Panniculus/Pannus (Panniculus adiposus
- Panniculus carnosus)
- Membranous layer
- Loose connective tissue
- Superficial fascia
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| Adnexa |
| Skin glands |
- Sweat glands: Apocrine sweat gland
- Eccrine sweat gland
- Sebaceous
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| Hair |
| Root sheath |
- Outer root sheath
- Inner root sheath
- Henle's layer
- Huxley's layer
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| Hair shaft |
- Cuticle
- Cortex
- Medulla
- Bulb with matrix cells
- Hair follicle
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| Muscle |
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| Pilosebaceous unit |
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| Nail |
- Nail matrix
- Nail plate
- Eponychium
- Paronychium
- Hyponychium
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- A New Type of Signaling Pathways as Pilomotor Lines along Skin for Transmitting Acupuncture Signals to Produce Acupuncture Effects.
- Liu LY1.
- The Chinese journal of physiology.Chin J Physiol.2015 Jun 30;58(3). pii: CJP.2015.BAD290. doi: 10.4077/CJP.2015.BAD290. [Epub ahead of print]
- In our previous study, we observed a linear system consisted of sympathetic endings in the arrector pili muscles (AP muscles) along the rat skin termed sympathetic substance lines, or SSLs. After shaving the hair of the rats, the first wave of hair re-growth was not evenly distributed, but followed
- PMID 26014122
- Multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis or reed syndrome: a retrospective study of 13 cases.
- Collgros H1, Iglesias-Sancho M2, Tribó-Boixareu MJ3, Creus-Vila L2, Umbert-Millet P2, Salleras-Redonnet M2.
- Actas dermo-sifiliográficas.Actas Dermosifiliogr.2015 Mar;106(2):117-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.08.005. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
- INTRODUCTION: Multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis (MCUL), or Reed syndrome, is characterized by the presence of cutaneous leiomyomas arising from the arrector pili muscles and, in women, by uterine leiomyomas. In some cases, MCUL is associated with renal cell carcinoma. This syndrome is an
- PMID 25439147
- Flat mount imaging of mouse skin and its application to the analysis of hair follicle patterning and sensory axon morphology.
- Chang H1, Wang Y2, Wu H2, Nathans J3.
- Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE.J Vis Exp.2014 Jun 25;(88):e51749. doi: 10.3791/51749.
- Skin is a highly heterogeneous tissue. Intra-dermal structures include hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, epidermal specializations (such as Merkel cell clusters), sebaceous glands, nerves and nerve endings, and capillaries. The spatial arrangement of these structures is tightly controlled on a
- PMID 24999071
Japanese Journal
- 皮膚末梢神経の形態学的研究:特に正常並びに病的毛嚢部知覚神経および正常立毛筋の植毛性神経について
- Beitrage zur Morphologie des Musculus arrector pili.
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- arrector pili muscle, arrector muscle of hair
- ラ
- musculus arrector pili
- 関
- 毛周期、鳥肌
- [[結合組織性毛包\\から起始、表皮直下の真皮の浅層に停止する。
- 通常、結合組織性毛包から立毛筋が起始しているが、睫毛の毛包は立毛筋を欠く。