This article is about the exhaust system component. For other uses, see Muffler (disambiguation).
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Muffler (silver) and exhaust pipe on a Ducati motorcycle
A muffler cut open to show the insulation, chambers and piping inside the shell
A muffler (silencer in British English) is a device for reducing the noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine.
Contents
1History
2Description
3See also
4References
5External links
History
The US Patent for an "Exhaust muffler for engines" was awarded to Milton O. Reeves and Marshall T. Reeves of Columbus, Indiana of the Reeves Pulley Company on 11 May 1897. US Patent Office application № 582485 states that they "have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exhaust-Mufflers for engines".[1]
Description
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.(June 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Dual tailpipes attached to the muffler on a passenger car
A muffler with pipes
Mufflers are installed within the exhaust system of most internal combustion engines. The muffler is engineered as an acoustic device to reduce the loudness of the sound pressure created by the engine by acoustic quieting. The noise of the burning-hot exhaust gas exiting the engine at high velocity is abated by a series of passages and chambers lined with roving fiberglass insulation and/or resonating chambers harmonically tuned to cause destructive interference, wherein opposite sound waves cancel each other out.[citation needed]
An unavoidable side effect of this noise reduction is restriction of the exhaust gas flow, which creates back pressure, which decreases engine efficiency. This is because the engine exhaust must share the same complex exit pathway built inside the muffler as the sound pressure that the muffler is designed to mitigate.
A cutaway muffler showing the interior pipes and chambers.
Some aftermarket mufflers claim to increase engine output and/or reduce fuel consumption by dint of reduced back pressure. This usually entails less noise reduction (i.e., more noise). The legality of altering a motor vehicle's original equipment exhaust system varies by jurisdiction; in many developed countries such as the United States,[2] Canada,[3], and Australia, [4] such modifications are highly regulated or strictly prohibited.
Aftermarket mufflers usually alter the way vehicle performs due to back pressure decrease[5].
A muffler on a large diesel-powered truck
See also
Noise control
Soundproofing
Anechoic chamber
Vibration isolation
Shock absorber
Buffer (disambiguation)
Cushioning
Damped wave
Damping
Damper (disambiguation)
References
^"Exhaust Muffler For Engines Muffler Patent". Google. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
^"Regulations Section". Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
^"Motor Vehicle Act Regulations". www.bclaws.ca. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
^author. "vehicle-noise". NSW Environment & Heritage. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
^D. W. Herrin (2012). "Vibro-Acoustic Design in Mechanical Systems" (PDF). University of Kentucky.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Exhaust silencers.
DNA Mini-barcoding for wildlife trade control: a case study on identification of highly processed animal materials.
Janjua S1,2, Fakhar-I-Abbas1,2, William K1,2, Malik IU3, Mehr J4.
Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis.Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal.2017 Jul;28(4):544-546. doi: 10.3109/24701394.2016.1155051. Epub 2016 Mar 18.
