WordNet
- deaden (a sound or noise), especially by wrapping (同)mute, dull, damp, dampen, tone_down
- a kiln with an inner chamber for firing things at a low temperature
- a scarf worn around the neck
- fail to catch, as of a ball
- a warm tubular covering for the hands
- wrapped up especially for protection or secrecy; "children muffled almost to the eyebrows"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (保温・保護のために)…‘を'『包む』,覆う《+『名』+『up,』+『up』+『名』》 / (音を小さくするために)…‘を'包む / 〈音・声〉‘を'消す,抑える
- えり巻き,マフラー / 《米》(自動車などの)消音装置(《英》silencer);(ピアノの)響き止め
- マフ(毛皮類を筒状にして両端から手を入れ暖める) / =earmuff
- へま,やりそこない;(特に球技で)球の受けそこない / 〈仕事・役割など〉‘を'しくじる;〈機会など〉‘を'へまをして逃;(球技で)〈受けた球〉‘を'落とす / へまをする,機会を逃がす
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/06/07 15:32:56」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
An Automatic Oil Muffle Furnace, circa 1910. Petroleum is contained in tank A, and is kept under pressure by pumping at intervals with the wooden handle, so that when the valve B is opened, the oil is vaporized by passing through a heating coil at the furnace entrance, and when ignited burns fiercely as a gas flame. This passes into the furnace through the two holes, C, C, and plays under and up around the muffle D, standing on a fireclay slab. The doorway is closed by two fireclay blocks at E.
High temperature muffle-furnace, maximum temperature is 1,473 K (1,200 °C; 2,192 °F).
A muffle furnace (sometimes, retort furnace) in historical usage is a furnace in which the subject material is isolated from the fuel and all of the products of combustion including gases and flying ash.[1] After the development of high-temperature electric heating elements and widespread electrification in developed countries, new muffle furnaces quickly moved to electric designs.[2]
Today, a muffle furnace is (usually) a front-loading box-type oven or kiln for high-temperature applications such as fusing glass, creating enamel coatings, ceramics and soldering and brazing articles. They are also used in many research facilities, for example by chemists in order to determine what proportion of a sample is non-combustible and non-volatile (i.e., ash). Some digital controllers allow RS232 interface and permit the operator to program up to 126[citation needed] segments, such as ramping, soaking, sintering, and more. Also, advances in materials for heating elements, such as molybdenum disilicide, can now produce working temperatures up to 1,800 degrees Celsius (3,272 degrees Fahrenheit), which facilitate more sophisticated metallurgical applications.[citation needed]
The term muffle furnace may also be used to describe another oven constructed on many of the same principles as the box type kiln mentioned above, but takes the form of a long, wide, and thin hollow tube used in roll to roll manufacturing processes.[citation needed]
Both of the above mentioned furnaces are usually heated to desired temperatures by conduction, convection, or blackbody radiation from electrical resistance heating elements.[citation needed] Therefore there is (usually) no combustion involved in the temperature control of the system, which allows for much greater control of temperature uniformity and assures isolation of the material being heated from the byproducts of fuel combustion.
References
- ^ Bulletin - United States Geological Survey, Issues 47-54, 1889, pp. 180 (834)
- ^ Electric Muffle Furnace, C.A. Crowley, Popular Mechanics, 67:6, June 1937, pp. 941-945
Iron and steel production
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History of ferrous metallurgy
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Iron production
(Ironworks) |
Smelting
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- Bloomery (produces sponge iron)
- Blast furnace (Cold blast • Hot blast) (produces pig iron)
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Secondary
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- Wrought iron (via Finery forge or Puddling furnace)
- Cast iron (via Cupola furnace or Induction furnace)
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Steelmaking
(Steel mill) |
Primary (Pre-1850)
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- Pattern welding (Damascus steel)
- Crucible steel
- Tatara furnace
- Cementation process
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Primary (Post-1850)
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- Bessemer process
- Open hearth furnace
- Electric arc furnace
- Basic oxygen process
- HIsarna process
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Secondary
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- Electro-slag remelting
- Vacuum arc remelting
- Argon oxygen decarburization
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Establishment of a method to determine the magnetic particles in mouse tissues.
- Wu Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Li Q, Gao G, Dong N, Hu H, Wang K, Wu J, Gao Z, Cui D.SourceBeijing Institute of Pharmacoloy and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China. wangyuxia1962@hotmail.com.
- Nanoscale research letters.Nanoscale Res Lett.2012 Dec 6;7(1):665. doi: 10.1186/1556-276X-7-665.
- This work is aimed to evaluate a method to detect the residual magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in animal tissues. Ferric ions released from MNPs through acidification with hydrochloric acid can be measured by complexation with potassium thiocyanate. MNPs in saline could be well detected by this chemic
- PMID 23216680
- Sewage sludge ash to phosphate fertilizer by chlorination and thermal treatment: residence time requirements for heavy metal removal.
- Nowak B, Wegerer H, Aschenbrenner P, Rechberger H, Winter F.SourceInstitute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria. benedikt.nowak@tuwien.ac.at
- Environmental technology.Environ Technol.2012 Oct-Nov;33(19-21):2375-81.
- Heavy metal removal from sewage sludge ash can be performed by mixing the ash with environmentally compatible chlorides (e.g. CaCl2 or MgCl2) and water, pelletizing the mixture and treating the pellets in a rotary reactor at about 1000 degrees C. Thermogravimetry-mass spectroscopy, muffle oven tests
- PMID 23393980
- Nutrient release from combustion residues of two contrasting herbaceous vegetation types.
- Hogue BA, Inglett PW.SourceUniversity of Florida, Soil and Water Science Department, 106 Newell Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2012 Aug 1;431:9-19. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.074. Epub 2012 Jun 2.
- Fire is a critical regulator of biogeochemical cycles in approximately 40% of the earth's land surface. However, little is known about nutrient release from combustion residues (ash and char) from herbaceous or grassland fires of varying intensity. Much of our knowledge in this area is derived from
- PMID 22664533
- [Preparation and characterization of Zn/Cr-LDHs and their removal performances of reactive brilliant orange X-GN].
- Wang XR, Wu PX.SourceKey Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suoth China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. xiaorong0911@163.com
- Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.].Huan Jing Ke Xue.2012 Jul;33(7):2432-7.
- Zn/Cr-LDHs with cationic ratios of 1:1 to 1:5 were prepared using the co-precipitation method. After preparation of the layered double hydroxides, 2:1 Zn/Cr-LDHs were calcined at 300, 400 and 500 degrees C in a Muffle furnace for 2 h. The obtained mixed oxides are also called calcined layered double
- PMID 23002623
Japanese Journal
- Preparation of LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Precursor Solution by Li/TMA Ion Exchange in TMA<sub>6</sub>[H<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>6</sub>O<sub>19</sub>]
- 高温加熱の影響を受けたコンクリートの破壊特性に及ぼす粗骨材種類の影響
- 加工食品中の銅クロロフィル・銅クロロフィリンナトリウム分析法の開発
- Synthesis of perovskite-type oxide, LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, from coordination polymer precursor, La[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]·5H<sub>2</sub>O
Related Links
- 従来のローパーティションよりも声や音が反響しにくい「muffle」 オカムラでは音響性能評価機関に委託し、「muffle」と従来のローパーティション(当社製品)について残響室法吸音率測定(JIS A 1409準拠)を実施。人の話し声に多く ...
- muffleとは。意味や和訳。[動](他)1 〈顔・首などを〉(ショール・コートなどで)包む,くるむ;〈人の〉体を衣服にくるむ((up))muffle one's throat首にスカーフなどを巻きつけるmuffle up oneself well十分に着込む.2 (布などで防[消]音のため ...
- So that, through their zeal for him, they had all conspired, so far as in them lay, to muffle up the knowledge of this thing from others; and hence it was, that not till a considerable interval had elapsed, did it transpire upon the Pequod's ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- muffle furnace
[★]
- 関
- muffle kiln
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- (音などが)(弱められて)よく聞こえない、かすかな