関: hippocampal mossy fiber、mossy fiber

WordNet

tell a relatively insignificant lie; "Fibbing is not acceptable, even if you dont call it lying"
a trivial lie; "he told a fib about eating his spinach"; "how can I stop my child from telling stories?" (同)story, tale, tarradiddle, taradiddle
tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants

PrepTutorEJDIC

(ささいな,罪のない)うそ / 軽いうそをつく
『コケ』(苔)
苔(こけ)の生えた / 苔のような;苔が生はえたような
=fiber

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/20 03:04:23」(JST)

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Figure 5: Microcircuitry of the cerebellum. Excitatory synapses are denoted by (+) and inhibitory synapses by (-). MF: Mossy fiber. DCN: Deep cerebellar nuclei. IO: Inferior olive. CF: Climbing fiber. GC: Granule cell. PF: Parallel fiber. PC: Purkinje cell. GgC: Golgi cell. SC: Stellate cell. BC: Basket cell.

Mossy fibers are one of the major inputs to cerebellum. There are many sources of this pathway, the largest of which is the cerebral cortex, which sends input to the cerebellum via the pontocerebellar pathway. Other contributors include the vestibular nerve and nuclei, the spinal cord, the reticular formation, and feedback from deep cerebellar nuclei. Axons enter the cerebellum via the middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles, where some branch to make contact with deep cerebellar nuclei. They ascend into the white matter of the cerebellum, where each axon branches to innervate granule cells in several cerebellar folia.

In this case, the pathway is so named for a unique synapse formed by its projections, the mossy fiber rosette. Fine branches of the mossy fiber axons twist through the granule cell layer, and slight enlargements giving a knotted appearance indicate synaptic contacts. These contacts have the appearance of a classic Gray's type 1 synapse, indicating they are glutamatergic and excitatory. Sensory information relayed from the pons through the mossy fibers to the granule cells is then sent along the parallel fibers to the Purkinje cells for processing. Extensive branching in white matter and synapses to granular cells ensures that input from a single mossy fiber axon will influence processing in a very large number of Purkinje cells.

References

Dale Purves; et al. (2001). Neuroscience. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-742-4.
Gordon M. Shepherd (1998). The synaptic organization of the brain. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-511824-7.

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English Journal

Gating of long-term potentiation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the cerebellum input stage.

Prestori F, Bonardi C, Mapelli L, Lombardo P, Goselink R, De Stefano ME, Gandolfi D, Mapelli J, Bertrand D, Schonewille M, De Zeeuw C, D'Angelo E.SourceBrain Connectivity Center, C. Mondino National Institute of Neurology Foundation, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy ; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
PloS one.PLoS One.2013 May 31;8(5):e64828. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064828. Print 2013.
The brain needs mechanisms able to correlate plastic changes with local circuit activity and internal functional states. At the cerebellum input stage, uncontrolled induction of long-term potentiation or depression (LTP or LTD) between mossy fibres and granule cells can saturate synaptic capacity an
PMID 23741401

Expression pattern of synaptic vesicle protein 2 (SV2) isoforms in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis.

Crèvecœur J, Kaminski RM, Rogister B, Foerch P, Vandenplas C, Neveux M, Mazzuferi M, Kroonen J, Poulet C, Martin D, Sadzot B, Rikir E, Klitgaard H, Moonen G, Deprez M.SourceLaboratory of Neuropathology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, Sart Tilman B-4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, Sart Tilman B - 4000 Liege, Belgium.
Neuropathology and applied neurobiology.Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol.2013 Apr 26. doi: 10.1111/nan.12054. [Epub ahead of print]
AIMS: Synaptic vesicle proteins 2 (SV2) are neuronal vesicles membrane glycoproteins that appear as important targets in the treatment of partial and generalized epilepsies. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of SV2 isoforms in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).METHODS
PMID 23617838

Antagonists reversibly reverse chemical LTD induced by group I, group II and group III metabotropic glutamate receptors.

Lodge D, Tidball P, Mercier MS, Lucas SJ, Hanna L, Ceolin L, Kritikos M, Fitzjohn SM, Sherwood JL, Bannister N, Volianskis A, Jane DE, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL.SourceCentre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK. Electronic address: David.Lodge@Bristol.ac.uk.
Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2013 Mar 26. pii: S0028-3908(13)00107-X. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.03.011. [Epub ahead of print]
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are implicated in many neurological and psychiatric diseases and are the targets of therapeutic agents currently in clinical development. Their activation has diverse effects in the central nervous system (CNS) that includes an involvement in synaptic plastici
PMID 23542080

Japanese Journal

小脳スパイキングネットワークモデルにおける条件刺激強度依存性タイミング制御

本多武尊,山崎匡,田中繁 [他],西野哲朗
情報処理学会論文誌数理モデル化と応用（TOM） 3(2), 1-10, 2010-03-17
… なることを確認した．その後条件刺激の強度を上げると，プルキンエ細胞の発火停止のタイミングがより早まることを示した．この結果は，条件反応のタイミングを決定するプルキンエ細胞の発火停止のタイミングが条件刺激強度に依存して変化することを示唆する．We have been developing a large-scale spiking network model of the cerebellar granular layer that represents the passage of time (POT) from the mossy fibre (MF) stimulus …
NAID 110007989965

小脳スパイキングネットワークモデルにおける条件刺激強度依存性タイミング制御

本多武尊,山崎匡,田中繁 [他],西野哲朗
研究報告数理モデル化と問題解決（MPS） 2009-MPS-75(28), 1-6, 2009-09-03
… なることを確認した．その後条件刺激の強度を上げると，プルキンエ細胞の発火停止のタイミングがより早まることを示した．この結果は，条件反応のタイミングを決定するプルキンエ細胞の発火停止のタイミングが条件刺激強度に依存して変化することを示唆する．We have been developing a large-scale spiking network model of the cerebellar granular layer that represents the passage of time (POT) from the mossy fibre (MF) stimulus …
NAID 110007993844