WordNet

dying after bearing fruit only once
a plant that bears fruit once and dies (同)monocarpic plant, monocarpous plant

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/10 16:13:11」(JST)

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Monocarpic plants are those that flower, set seeds and then die. Other terms with the same meaning are hapaxanth and semelparous. The term was first used by Alphonse de Candolle.

The antonym is polycarpic, a plant that flowers and sets seeds many times during its lifetime; the antonym of semelparous is iteroparous. Plants which flower en masse (gregariously) before dying are known as plietesials.

The plant can live a number of years before it will flower. Flowering does not by itself result in the death of the plants but the production of fruits and seeds causes changes within the plants which lead to death. These changes are induced by chemicals that act as hormones, redirecting the resources of the plants from the roots and leaves to the production of fruits and or seeds.

The century plant in the genus Agave, some terrestrial bromeliads of the genus Puya, Tillandsia utriculata, some yuccas, and many bamboos can take 8 to 20 years or in the case of bamboos even over 100 years to bloom and then die. Hawaiian silverswords and their relatives in the genus Wilkesia may take 10–50 years before flowering.

Monocot plant families which contain monocarpic species include Agavaceae, Araceae, Arecaceae, Bromeliaceae, Musaceae and Poaceae. Dicot plant families which include monocarpic species include Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae. Few dicot shrubs with multiple branching and secondary growth species have been described. Those that have include Strobilanthes species, Cerberiopsis candelabrum, Tachigali versicolor and other Tachigali species.^[1]

Often monocarpic plants can be kept alive after flowering if the flowers are removed as soon as they are done blooming, before seed formation begins, or if the flower buds are removed before they begin blooming.

References

^ Kitajima, Kaoru; Carol K. Augspurger (August 1989). "Seed and Seedling Ecology of a Monocarpic Tropical Tree, Tachigalia Versicolor". Ecology (jstor) 70 (4): 1102–1114. doi:10.2307/1941379. JSTOR 1941379.

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English Journal

Wheat cultivars differing in heat tolerance show a differential response to oxidative stress during monocarpic senescence under high temperature stress.

Khanna-Chopra R1, Chauhan S.
Protoplasma.Protoplasma.2015 Sep;252(5):1241-51. doi: 10.1007/s00709-015-0755-z. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Wheat crop may experience heat stress during post-anthesis phase associated with oxidative stress, enhanced senescence, and reduced productivity. Stay green is a desirable character for the selection for heat tolerance in wheat. In the present study, antioxidant metabolism was studied under post-ant
PMID 25586109

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Investigation of the Aerial Parts of Dorema glabrum Fisch. & C.A. Mey.

Delnavazi MR1, Hadjiakhoondi A1, Delazar A2, Ajani Y1, Tavakoli S1, Yassa N1.
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.Iran J Pharm Res.2015 Summer;14(3):925-31.
Dorema glabrum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. (Apiaceae) is a monocarpic perennial plant distributed in southern Caucasus. In Azerbaijan Republic folk medicine, the gum-resin of this species is used as a diuretic and anti-diarrheal agent. It is also traditionally used for the treatment of bronchitis and cat
PMID 26330882

Genetic analysis of rhizomatousness and its relationship with vegetative branching of recombinant inbred lines of Sorghum bicolor × S. propinquum.

Kong W1, Kim C1, Goff VH1, Zhang D1, Paterson AH1.
American journal of botany.Am J Bot.2015 May;102(5):718-24. doi: 10.3732/ajb.1500035. Epub 2015 May 20.
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Rhizomes, subterranean stems that grow horizontally, are a storage organ that is highly associated with overwintering and regrowth. This quantitative study aimed to discover genetic determinants of rhizomatousness, an important trait related to perenniality and invasiveness.MET
PMID 26022486

Japanese Journal

チュウゴクザサの実生の成長様式

阿部佑平,柴田昌三
Bamboo journal (29), 1-7, 2015-03
NAID 40020462811

Evolution of Epiphytism in Ferns and Lycophytes with an Emphasis on Davalliaceae(<SPECIAL SERIES>INVITED ARTICLES BY SUCCESSIVE PRESIDENTS OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR PLANT SYSTEMATICS)

KATO MASAHIRO,TSUTSUMI CHIE
APG : Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica 64(3), 159-177, 2013-10-31
… Epiphytic gametophytes are strap-shaped, ribbon-like or filamentous, branched, gemmiferous and long-lived in, e.g., grammitids, Hymenophyllaceae and vittarioids, while, like terrestrial gametophytes, they are heart-shaped and monocarpic in, e.g., Davalliaceae and Polypodiaceae. …
NAID 110009661544