WordNet

a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earths crust; an important component of most plants and animals (同)Ca, atomic number 20

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『カルシウム』(金属元素;化学記号は『Ca』)

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1. Calcium: Drug formulations (oral and parenteral)
2. 思春期におけるカルシウムの所要量 calcium requirements in adolescents
3. 骨粗鬆症におけるカルシウムおよびビタミンDの補充 calcium and vitamin d supplementation in osteoporosis
4. カルシウムおよびリン酸バランスの調節 regulation of calcium and phosphate balance
5. 成人における再発性カルシウム結石の予防 prevention of recurrent calcium stones in adults

English Journal

Nateglinide stimulates glucagon-like peptide-1 release by human intestinal L cells via a K(ATP) channel-independent mechanism.

Kitahara Y1, Miura K, Yasuda R, Kawanabe H, Ogawa S, Eto Y.Author information 1Exploratory Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Kawasaki, Japan. yoshiro_kitahara@ajinomoto.comAbstractA reduced incretin effect is one of the well-known characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes, and impaired release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to be at least partly involved. In this study, we investigated the effect of nateglinide on GLP-1 release in vivo and in vitro. The GLP-1 level in the portal blood at 20 min after oral administration of nateglinide to Wistar rats was about twice that in vehicle-treated rats. To clarify whether this effect of nateglinide was related to direct stimulation of intestinal cells, in vitro studies were performed using human intestinal L cells (NCI-H716). Nateglinide stimulated GLP-1 release in a concentration-dependent manner from 500 µM, along with transient elevation of the intracellular calcium level. However, diazoxide, nitrendipine, and dantrolene did not block this effect of nateglinide. In addition, the major metabolite of nateglinide, tolbutamide, and mitiglinide, all of which augment insulin secretion by the pancreatic islets, had no effect on GLP-1 release by this cell line. On the other hand, capsazepine significantly inhibited the promotion of GLP-1 release by nateglinide in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings indicate that nateglinide directly stimulates GLP-1 release by intestinal L cells in a K(ATP) channel-independent manner. A novel target of nateglinide may be involved in increasing intracellular calcium to stimulate GLP-1 release, e.g., the transient receptor potential channels. Taken together, the present findings indicate that promotion of GLP-1 release from intestinal L cells may be another important mechanism by which nateglinide restores early-phase insulin secretion and regulates postprandial glucose metabolism.
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin.Biol Pharm Bull.2011;34(5):671-6.
A reduced incretin effect is one of the well-known characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes, and impaired release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to be at least partly involved. In this study, we investigated the effect of nateglinide on GLP-1 release in vivo and in vitr
PMID 21532155

Glinide, but not sulfonylurea, can evoke insulin exocytosis by repetitive stimulation: imaging analysis of insulin exocytosis by secretagogue-induced repetitive stimulations.

Aoyagi K1, Ohara-Imaizumi M, Nishiwaki C, Nakamichi Y, Nagamatsu S.Author information 1Department of Biochemistry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.AbstractTo investigate the different effects between sulfonylurea (SU) and glinide drugs in insulin secretion, pancreatic beta-cells were repeatedly stimulated with SU (glimepiride) or glinide (mitiglinide). Total internal reflection fluorescent (TIRF) microscopy revealed that secondary stimulation with glimepiride, but not glucose and mitiglinide, failed to evoke fusions of insulin granules although primary stimulation with glucose, glimepiride, and mitiglinide induced equivalent numbers of exocytotic responses. Glimepiride, but not glucose and mitiglinide, induced abnormally sustained [Ca(2+)](i) elevations and reductions of docked insulin granules on the plasma membrane. Our data suggest that the effect of glinide on insulin secretory mechanisms is similar to that of glucose.
Experimental diabetes research.Exp Diabetes Res.2009;2009:278762. doi: 10.1155/2009/278762. Epub 2009 Dec 28.
To investigate the different effects between sulfonylurea (SU) and glinide drugs in insulin secretion, pancreatic beta-cells were repeatedly stimulated with SU (glimepiride) or glinide (mitiglinide). Total internal reflection fluorescent (TIRF) microscopy revealed that secondary stimulation with gli
PMID 20069052

Gateways to clinical trials.

Bayes M1, Rabasseda X, Prous JR.Author information 1Prous Science, Barcelona, Spain. mbayes@prous.comAbstract(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, [188Re]-P2045, 12B75, 89-12; Abacavir sulfate/lamivudine, Abatacept, Abiraterone acetate, ABT-869, Adalimumab, Ad-rh Endostatin, AI-700, Alemtuzumab, Alvimopan hydrate, Amrubicin hydrochloride, AP-12009, Apomab 7.3, Arformoterol tartrate, Aripiprazole, AS-1404, Azacitidine, AZD-0530; Bevacizumab, BHT-3009, Biapenem, Bortezomib, Bosentan, Bremelanotide; CA9-SCAN, Calcitonin gene-related peptide, Canertinib dihydrochloride, Cannabidiol, Carboxyamidotriazole, Caspofungin acetate, Celgosivir, Certolizumab pegol, Cinacalcet hydrochloride, Clevudine, CP-751871, Curcumin, Cx-401, Cypher; Darunavir, Decitabine, Deforolimus, Dexamet, Dipyridamole/prednisolone, Drospirenone, Drospirenone/estradiol, DTPw-HepB-Hib, Duloxetine hydrochloride; Efalizumab, Emtricitabine, Erlotinib hydrochloride, Escitalopram oxalate, Eszopiclone; Ferumoxtran-10, Ferumoxytol, Fondaparinux sodium, Fosaprepitant dimeglumine; gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium, Gefitinib, Genistein, Ghrelin (human), Gimatecan, GM-CSF PMED, Golimumab, gp100 PMED; Imatinib mesylate, Immunoglobulin intravenous (human), IV Gamma-globulin; LA-419, Laropiprant, L-BLP-25, Levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone, Lidocaine/prilocaine, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Lumiracoxib, LY-2076962; Mepolizumab, Methylnaltrexone bromide, Mitiglinide calcium hydrate, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt, Myristyl nicotinate; Natalizumab, Nesiritide, Niacin/lovastatin; Oblimersen sodium, Ofatumumab, Olmesartan medoxomil, Olmesartan medoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide, Ozarelix; Palonosetron hydrochloride, Parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), Pazopanib hydrochloride, Pegaptanib octasodium, Pegfilgrastim, Peginterferon alfa- 2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pegvisomant, Pemetrexed disodium, Pexelizumab, Picoplatin, Pimecrolimus, Posaconazole, Pregabalin, PRO-1762, Progesterone caproate, Prulifloxacin; Ramelteon, Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Reparixin, Rosuvastatin calcium; Rotigotine; Satraplatin, Sertraline, Sipuleucel-T, SLIT-cisplatin, SNDX-275, Solifenacin succinate, Sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, Talnetant, Tanespimycin, Taxus, Tegaserod maleate, Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine, Teriparatide, tgAAC-94, Tiotropium bromide, Tocilizumab, Tolvaptan, Trimethoprim; Vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, Vatalanib succinate, Vinflunine, Voriconazole, VX-680; XL-880; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan.
Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology.Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol.2007 Oct;29(8):547-83.
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, [188Re]-P2045, 12B75, 89-12; Abacavir sulfate/lamivudine, Abatacept, Abiraterone acetate, ABT-869, Adalimumab, Ad-rh Endostatin, AI-700, Alemtuzumab, Alvimopan hydrate, Amrubicin hydrochloride, AP-12009, Apomab 7.3, Arformoterol tartrate, Aripiprazole, AS-1404, Azacitid
PMID 18040531