ミグリトール
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/12/06 05:58:06」(JST)
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Not to be confused with Meglutol.
Miglitol
|
Clinical data |
Trade names |
Glyset |
AHFS/Drugs.com |
Monograph |
MedlinePlus |
a601079 |
License data |
|
Pregnancy
category |
- AU: B3
- US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
|
Routes of
administration |
By mouth (tablets) |
ATC code |
A10BF02 (WHO) |
Legal status |
Legal status |
|
Pharmacokinetic data |
Bioavailability |
Dose-dependent |
Protein binding |
Negligible (<4.0%) |
Metabolism |
Nil |
Biological half-life |
2 hours |
Excretion |
Renal (95%) |
Identifiers |
IUPAC name
- (2R,3R,4R,5S)-1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)
piperidine-3,4,5-triol
|
CAS Number |
72432-03-2 Y |
PubChem (CID) |
441314 |
IUPHAR/BPS |
4842 |
DrugBank |
DB00491 Y |
ChemSpider |
390074 Y |
UNII |
0V5436JAQW Y |
KEGG |
D00625 Y |
ChEMBL |
CHEMBL1561 Y |
Chemical and physical data |
Formula |
C8H17NO5 |
Molar mass |
207.224 g/mol |
3D model (Jmol) |
Interactive image |
Density |
1.458 g/cm3 |
Melting point |
114 °C (237 °F) |
SMILES
-
OCCN1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C1)CO
|
InChI
-
InChI=1S/C8H17NO5/c10-2-1-9-3-6(12)8(14)7(13)5(9)4-11/h5-8,10-14H,1-4H2/t5-,6+,7-,8-/m1/s1 Y
-
Key:IBAQFPQHRJAVAV-ULAWRXDQSA-N Y
|
(verify) |
Miglitol is an oral anti-diabetic drug that acts by inhibiting the ability of the patient to break down complex carbohydrates into glucose. It is primarily used in diabetes mellitus type 2 for establishing greater glycemic control by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides) into monosaccharides which can be absorbed by the body.[1]
Miglitol, and other structurally-related iminosugars, inhibit glycoside hydrolase enzymes called alpha-glucosidases. Since miglitol works by preventing digestion of carbohydrates, it lowers the degree of postprandial hyperglycemia. It must be taken at the start of main meals to have maximal effect.[2] Its effect will depend on the amount of non-monosaccharide carbohydrates in a person's diet.
In contrast to acarbose (another alpha-glucosidase inhibitor), miglitol is systemically absorbed; however, it is not metabolized and is excreted by the kidneys.
See also
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
- Miglustat
References
- ^ "Migliotl: MedlinePlus Drug Information". MedlinePlus. National Institudes of Health. 1 September 2010. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
- ^ "Glyset (miglitol) tablets label - Accessdata FDA" (PDF). Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. August 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
Oral anti-diabetic drugs, insulins and insulin analogs, and other drugs used in diabetes (A10)
|
|
Insulin |
Sensitizers |
Biguanides |
- Buformin‡
- Metformin#
- Phenformin‡
|
|
TZDs/"glitazones" (PPAR) |
- Ciglitazone§
- Darglitazone§
- Englitazone§
- Lobeglitazone
- Netoglitazone§
- Pioglitazone
- Rivoglitazone†
- Rosiglitazone
- Troglitazone‡
|
|
Dual PPAR agonists |
- Aleglitazar†
- Muraglitazar§
- Saroglitazar
- Tesaglitazar§
|
|
|
Secretagogues |
K+ATP |
Sulfonylureas |
- 1st generation: Acetohexamide
- Carbutamide
- Chlorpropamide
- Glycyclamide
- Metahexamide
- Tolazamide
- Tolbutamide
- 2nd generation: Glibenclamide (glyburide)#
- Glibornuride
- Glicaramide
- Gliclazide
- Glimepiride
- Glipizide
- Gliquidone
- Glisoxepide
- Glyclopyramide
|
|
Meglitinides/"glinides" |
- Mitiglinide
- Nateglinide
- Repaglinide
|
|
|
GLP-1 agonists |
- Albiglutide†
- Dulaglutide
- Exenatide
- Liraglutide
- Lixisenatide
- Semaglutide†
- Taspoglutide†
|
|
DPP-4 inhibitors/"gliptins" |
- Alogliptin
- Anagliptin
- Gemigliptin
- Linagliptin
- Omarigliptin
- Saxagliptin
- Sitagliptin
- Teneligliptin
- Vildagliptin
|
|
Free fatty acid receptor 1 (GPR40) |
|
|
|
Analogs/other insulins |
- fast-acting (Insulin aspart
- Insulin glulisine
- Insulin lispro)
- short-acting (Regular insulin)
- long-acting (Insulin detemir
- Insulin glargine
- NPH insulin)
- ultra-long-acting (Insulin degludec)
- inhalable (Exubera‡
- Afrezza)
|
|
|
Other |
Aldose reductase inhibitors |
- Epalrestat
- Fidarestat§
- Ranirestat†
- Tolrestat‡
- Zenarestat§
|
|
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
- Acarbose
- Miglitol
- Voglibose
|
|
Amylin analog |
|
|
Sodium glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibitors/"gliflozins" |
- Canagliflozin
- Dapagliflozin
- Empagliflozin
- Ipragliflozin
- Remogliflozin§
- Sergliflozin§
- Tofogliflozin†
|
|
Other |
- Benfluorex‡
- Bromocriptine
|
|
|
-
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Lipid Lowering and Antioxidant Effect of Miglitol in Triton Treated Hyperlipidemic and High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats.
- Shrivastava A, Chaturvedi U, Singh SV, Saxena JK, Bhatia G.SourceBiochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, 1 M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
- Lipids.Lipids.2013 Jan 20. [Epub ahead of print]
- Miglitol, an anti-diabetic drug, has been shown to reduce plasma lipids and inhibit free radical generation. The anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of miglitol were studied in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats and high fat diet-fed obese rats. Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides levels we
- PMID 23334955
- α-1-C-butyl-1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-arabinitol as a second-generation iminosugar-based oral α-glucosidase inhibitor for improving postprandial hyperglycemia.
- Kato A, Hayashi E, Miyauchi S, Adachi I, Imahori T, Natori Y, Yoshimura Y, Nash RJ, Shimaoka H, Nakagome I, Koseki J, Hirono S, Takahata H.SourceDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. kato@med.u-toyama.ac.jp
- Journal of medicinal chemistry.J Med Chem.2012 Dec 13;55(23):10347-62. doi: 10.1021/jm301304e. Epub 2012 Nov 19.
- We report on the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a series of α-1-C-alkylated 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-arabinitol (LAB) derivatives. The asymmetric synthesis of the derivatives was achieved by asymmetric allylic alkylation, ring-closing metathesis, and Negishi cross-coupling as key reactio
- PMID 23106358
- The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol affects bile acid metabolism and ameliorates obesity and insulin resistance in diabetic mice.
- Hamada Y, Nagasaki H, Fuchigami M, Furuta S, Seino Y, Nakamura J, Oiso Y.SourceDepartment of Metabolic Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. Electronic address: yhama@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
- Metabolism: clinical and experimental.Metabolism.2012 Nov 26. pii: S0026-0495(12)00421-0. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.10.015. [Epub ahead of print]
- OBJECTIVE: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (α-GIs) show various anti-diabetic or anti-obesity effects in addition to the suppression of postprandial hyperglycemia. Based on recent observations that bile acids (BAs) are involved in glucose and energy homeostasis, we examined the ability of miglitol, an
- PMID 23194643
Japanese Journal
- Reduced Expression of β_2 Integrin Genes in Rat Peripheral Leukocytes by Inhibiting Postprandial Hyperglycemia
- MOCHIZUKI Kazuki,SHIMADA Masaya,TANAKA Yutaro,FUKAYA Nanae,GODA Toshinao
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 74(12), 2470-2474, 2010-12-23
- … We performed in this study sucrose loading to rats with moderate postprandial hyperglycemia with/without once-daily dosing of the α-glucosidase inhibitor, miglitol, for 4 days under 4-h fasting conditions. … Miglitol reduced postprandial hyperglycemia and the gene expression of CD11a with fasting and of CD11b 3-h postprandial on day 4. …
- NAID 10027728241
- Industrial Info. これからの糖尿病治療にはたす吸収型α-グルコシダーゼ阻害薬セイブル(ミグリトール)の役割
Related Links
- 文献 Pharmacokinetics of miglitol. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion following administration to rats, dogs, and man H. J. Ahr, M. Boberg, E. Brendel, H. P. Krause, W. Steinke, Arzneimitt. Forsch. 1997, 47, 734.
- How to use miglitol: Use miglitol as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions. Take miglitol by mouth at the start (with the first bite) of each main meal, unless directed otherwise by your ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- miglitol
- 商
- セイブル
- 小腸上部で吸収される
- 回腸末端ではミグリトールの濃度は低下し、二糖類の分解は阻害されにくい。
- 二糖類のまま結腸に到達する糖類が少ないため副作用が出にくい。
- 用量:1回50mg 1日3回 毎食前から開始。1回75mgまで増量可能。
- 剤形:25mg錠、50mg錠、75mg錠