ligule

小舌、葉舌

関

lingula、lingulae、lingular、microglossia

　

WordNet

1. (botany) any appendage to a plant that is shaped like a strap

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/18 19:15:14」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

A ligule (from Latin: ligula "strap", variant of lingula, from lingua "tongue") — is a thin outgrowth at the junction of leaf and leafstalk of many grasses (Poaceae) and sedges. A ligule is also a strap-shaped extension of the corolla, such as that of a ray floret in plants in the daisy family Asteraceae.

Poaceae and Cyperaceae

The ligule is part of the leaf that is found at the junction of the blade and sheath of the leaf. It may take several forms, but it is commonly some form of translucent membrane or a fringe of hairs. The membranous ligule can be very short 1–2 mm (Kentucky Bluegrass, Poa pratensis) to very long 10–20 mm (Johnson grass, Sorghum halepense), it can also be smooth on the edge or very ragged. Some grasses do not have a ligule, for example barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli).

A ligule can also be defined as a membrane-like tissue or row of delicate hairs typically found in grasses at the junction of the leaf sheath and blade. The ligule appears to be a continuation of the leaf sheath and encircles or clasps the stem as does the leaf sheath. There are three basic types of ligules: membranous, a fringe of hairs (ciliate), and absent or lacking. Most grasses have ligules, and the shape, length, and appearance of the ligule margin provide consistent characters for separating genera and some species of grasses.

In grass-like plants such as sedges (Cyperaceae) and rushes (Juncaceae), ligules are usually absent or poorly developed.

Asteraceae

Further information: Ray flower

Ligulate floret, typical for flowers of some members of the family Asteraceae:
A. ovary
B. pappus
C. theca
D. ligule

E. style with stamen

In members of Asteraceae, a ligule is the elongated tongue of the corolla of a ray flower or ligulate flower.

References

English Journal

• How to Pattern a Leaf.

• Bolduc N, O'Connor D, Moon J, Lewis M, Hake S.SourcePlant Gene Expression Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, California 94710.
• Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology.Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol.2012 Nov 21. [Epub ahead of print]
• Leaf development presents a tremendous resource for tackling the question of patterning in biology. Leaves can be simple or highly dissected. They may have elaborated parts such as the tendrils of a pea leaf or the rolled blade of a carnivorous pitcher plant. Despite the variation in size, shape, an
• PMID 23174765

• Reliable transient transformation of intact maize leaf cells for functional genomics and experimental study.

• Kirienko DR, Luo A, Sylvester AW.SourceDepartment of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA.
• Plant physiology.Plant Physiol.2012 Aug;159(4):1309-18. doi: 10.1104/pp.112.199737. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
• Maize (Zea mays) transformation routinely produces stable transgenic lines essential for functional genomics; however, transient expression of target proteins in maize cells is not yet routine. Such techniques are critical for rapid testing of transgene constructs and for experimental studies. Here,
• PMID 22706447

Japanese Journal

• Hybridity and relationship between Chrysanthemum shiwogiku Kitam. and C. vestitum (Hemsl.) Stapf.

• Abd El-Twab Magdy Hussein,Kondo Katsuhiko
• Chromosome Botany 4(3), 65-70, 2009
• … in white-color ligule flowers inherited. …
• NAID 130000152497

• フッ化水素ガスの植物の生育に及ぼす影響(I) : フッ化水素ガスの水稲の生育に及ぼす影響

• 進藤 三幸
• 大気環境学会誌 37(4), 245-255, 2002-08-20
• アルミナ電解工場から排出されたフッ化水素ガスが,水稲の生理並びに生育,収量に与える影響について調査した。障害を受けた水稲は全窒素含量の増加,カルシウム含量の減少が認められ,障害の程度の大きいものほど稲わらのケイ酸含量が多いことも認められた。稲わらのフッ素含量が多いものほど米糠のフッ素含量も多いことから,水稲体内に取り込まれたフッ素の一部は養水分とともに体内を移行し米糠部分へ集積したものと推察した。 …
• NAID 110003841012

• 水稲の上位葉における葉器官の短縮化と登熟との関連について : 第1報 葉身, 葉舌, 葉鞘および葉耳の短縮化について

• 牧野 盛行
• 日本作物學會紀事 61(4), 555-560, 1992-12-05
• 水稲品種コシヒカリの主稈の葉耳遊離部は, 葉位上昇につれ順次長くなり, 止葉(I葉)から下へ数えてIV葉で最長となる. しかし, 止葉の下位III葉からは逆に短くなりはじめ下位II葉でざらに短くなり, 止葉に至っては葉耳遊離部はみられなくなる. 著者は, 上位葉における葉耳遊離部が最初に短くなる葉位の葉を葉耳短縮化第1葉と呼称する. 同様の短縮化が, 葉身, 葉舌, 葉鞘にもみられた. これら4葉 …
• NAID 110001733198

Related Links

• liguleの意味 - goo辞書 英和和英

liguleとは。意味や和訳。[名]《植物》小舌(しょうぜつ), 葉舌(ようぜつ)；舌状弁. - 40万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な無料英和和英辞典。

• Ligule | Define Ligule at Dictionary.com - Dictionary.com ...

Ligule definition, a thin, membranous outgrowth from the base of the blade of most grasses. See more. Dictionary.com Word of the Day Translate Games Blog Thesaurus.com Apps Favorites Log Out Log In follow Dictionary.com ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「lingular」「lingula」「lingulae」「葉舌」

「lingular」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 小舌の

関

ligule、lingula、lingulae、microglossia

「lingula」

　　[★]

小舌

関

ligule、lingulae、lingular、microglossia

「lingulae」

　　[★]

小舌

関

ligule、lingula、lingular、microglossia

「葉舌」

　　[★]

英

ligule

関

小舌