WordNet

going or proceeding or going in advance; showing the way; "we rode in the leading car"; "the leading edge of technology"
greatest in importance or degree or significance or achievement; "our greatest statesmen"; "the countrys leading poet"; "a preeminent archeologist" (同)preeminent
indicating the most important performer or role; "the leading man"; "prima ballerina"; "prima donna"; "a star figure skater"; "the starring role"; "a stellar role"; "a stellar performance" (同)prima, star, starring, stellar
the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment
a surface on which an organism grows or is attached; "the gardener talked about the proper substrate for acid-loving plants" (同)substratum
an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population; "the Celtic languages of Britain are a substrate for English" (同)substratum
any stratum or layer lying underneath another (同)substratum

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Evaluation of ionic liquids as alternative solvents for aldolase activity: Use of a new automated SIA methodology.

Cunha E1, Pinto PC2, Saraiva ML3.
Talanta.Talanta.2015 Aug 15;141:293-9. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.04.028. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
An automated methodology is proposed for the evaluation of a set of ionic liquids (ILs) as alternative reaction media for aldolase based synthetic processes. For that, the effect of traditionally used organic solvents and ILs on the activity of aldolase was studied by means of a novel automated meth
PMID 25966417

Isothermal titration calorimetry determination of individual rate constants of trypsin catalytic activity.

Aguirre C1, Condado-Morales I1, Olguin LF2, Costas M3.
Analytical biochemistry.Anal Biochem.2015 Jun 15;479:18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.03.014. Epub 2015 Mar 28.
Determination of individual rate constants for enzyme-catalyzed reactions is central to the understanding of their mechanism of action and is commonly obtained by stopped-flow kinetic experiments. However, most natural substrates either do not fluoresce/absorb or lack a significant change in their s
PMID 25823683

Microstructure and optical dispersion characterization of nanocomposite sol-gel TiO2-SiO2 thin films with different compositions.

Kermadi S1, Agoudjil N2, Sali S3, Zougar L3, Boumaour M3, Broch L4, En Naciri A4, Placido F5.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2015 Jun 15;145:145-54. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.110. Epub 2015 Mar 5.
Nanocomposite TiO2-SiO2 thin films with different compositions (from 0 to 100mol% TiO2) were deposited by sol-gel dip-coating method on silicon substrate. Crystal structure, chemical bonding configuration, composition and morphology evolutions with composition were followed by Raman scattering, Four
PMID 25770938