characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing; "an individual serving"; "single occupancy"; "a single bed" (同)single
a single organism
separate and distinct from others of the same kind; "mark the individual pages"; "on a case-by-case basis" (同)case-by-case, item-by-item
concerning one person exclusively; "we all have individual cars"; "each room has a private bath" (同)private
being or characteristic of a single thing or person; "individual drops of rain"; "please mark the individual pages"; "they went their individual ways" (同)single
a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn; "statistical data" (同)information
someone who takes part in an activity
use of chemical analysis to estimate the age of geological specimens (同)geological dating
Individual participant data (also known as individual patient data, often abbreviated IPD) is raw data from individual participants, and is often used in the context of meta-analysis.
The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) has stated that sharing of deidentified individual participant data is an ethical obligation.[1]
IPD meta-analysis
In an IPD meta-analysis, patient-level data from multiple studies or settings are combined to address a certain research question. IPD meta-analyses tend to be common for large-scale and international projects, and they are less limited than AD meta-analyses in terms of the availability and quality of data they can use.[2] Due to the high level of precision and consistency this approach allows for (which in turn makes it easier for researchers to minimize heterogeneity), it is considered the gold standard of evidence synthesis.[3]
Common aims for a IPD meta-analysis are
to evaluate the safety or efficacy of medical interventions [4]
to identify modifiers of treatment effect
to evaluate the accuracy of diagnostic tests
to evaluate the association of prognostic markers [5]
to develop multivariable prediction models (rules) [5]
to evaluate the predictive performance of prognostic models [5]
Over the past few decades, meta-analyses conducted with IPD (also known as IPD meta-analyses) have become increasingly popular.[6]
References
^Taichman, Darren B.; Backus, Joyce; Baethge, Christopher; Bauchner, Howard; de Leeuw, Peter W.; Drazen, Jeffrey M.; Fletcher, John; Frizelle, Frank A.; Groves, Trish; Haileamlak, Abraham; James, Astrid; Laine, Christine; Peiperl, Larry; Pinborg, Anja; Sahni, Peush; Wu, Sinan (2016). "Sharing Clinical Trial Data: A Proposal From the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors". Annals of Internal Medicine. 164 (7): 505. doi:10.7326/M15-2928. ISSN 0003-4819.
^Tierney, Jayne F.; Pignon, Jean-Pierre; Gueffyier, Francois; Clarke, Mike; Askie, Lisa; Vale, Claire L.; Burdett, Sarah (November 2015). "How individual participant data meta-analyses have influenced trial design, conduct, and analysis". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 68 (11): 1325–1335. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.05.024.
^Thomas, Doneal; Radji, Sanyath; Benedetti, Andrea (19 June 2014). "Systematic review of methods for individual patient data meta- analysis with binary outcomes". BMC Medical Research Methodology. 14 (1). doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-79.
^Tierney, Jayne F.; Vale, Claire; Riley, Richard; Smith, Catrin Tudur; Stewart, Lesley; Clarke, Mike; Rovers, Maroeska (2015-07-21). "Individual Participant Data (IPD) Meta-analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials: Guidance on Their Use". PLOS Medicine. 12 (7): e1001855. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001855. ISSN 1549-1676.
^ abcDebray, Thomas P. A.; Riley, Richard D.; Rovers, Maroeska M.; Reitsma, Johannes B.; Moons, Karel G. M.; Group, Cochrane IPD Meta-analysis Methods (2015-10-13). "Individual Participant Data (IPD) Meta-analyses of Diagnostic and Prognostic Modeling Studies: Guidance on Their Use". PLOS Medicine. 12 (10): e1001886. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001886. ISSN 1549-1676.
^Riley, R. D.; Lambert, P. C.; Abo-Zaid, G. (5 February 2010). "Meta-analysis of individual participant data: rationale, conduct, and reporting". BMJ. 340 (feb05 1): c221–c221. doi:10.1136/bmj.c221.
External links
Individual participant data meta-analysis information at the Cochrane website
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