関: parahippocampal、parahippocampal gyrus

WordNet

a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain (同)convolution

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1. 失語症患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with aphasia
2. 痙攣発作およびてんかんの病態生理 pathophysiology of seizures and epilepsy
3. 前頭側頭型認知症：疫学、病理学、および病因 frontotemporal dementia epidemiology pathology and pathogenesis
4. 成人における単極性うつ病：外科的アプローチによる治療 unipolar depression in adults treatment with surgical approaches
5. 神経管欠損および脳室拡大を除く中枢神経系異常の出生前診断 prenatal diagnosis of cns anomalies other than neural tube defects and ventriculomegaly

English Journal

Where there's smoke, there's fire: The brain reactivity of chronic smokers when exposed to the negative value of smoking.

Dinh-Williams L1, Mendrek A2, Bourque J1, Potvin S3.Author information 1Centre de recherche Fernand-Seguin, Institut Universitaire de Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.2Centre de recherche Fernand-Seguin, Institut Universitaire de Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychology, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, Canada.3Centre de recherche Fernand-Seguin, Institut Universitaire de Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address: stephane.potvin@umontreal.ca.AbstractRATIONAL: The addictive nature of smoking is characterized by responses to cigarette stimuli that significantly impede smoking cessation efforts. Studies have shown that smokers are roused by appetitive smoking-related stimuli, and their consumption tends to be unaffected by the negative value of smoking.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2014 Apr 3;50:66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.009. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
RATIONAL: The addictive nature of smoking is characterized by responses to cigarette stimuli that significantly impede smoking cessation efforts. Studies have shown that smokers are roused by appetitive smoking-related stimuli, and their consumption tends to be unaffected by the negative value of sm
PMID 24361634

Positron emission tomography imaging of 5-hydroxytryptamine1B receptors in Parkinson's disease.

Varrone A1, Svenningsson P2, Forsberg A3, Varnäs K3, Tiger M3, Nakao R3, Halldin C4, Nilsson LG5, Farde L6.Author information 1Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: andrea.varrone@ki.se.2Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.3Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden.4Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.5Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.6Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; AstraZeneca Translational Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.AbstractImpairment of the central serotonin system in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been shown postmortem and in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET). The aim of this PET study was to examine and compare the availability of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(1B)-receptor subtype in patients with PD and age-matched control subjects. Twelve control subjects and 12 PD patients were examined with PET using the 5-HT(1B)-radioligand [(11)C]AZ10419369. In PD patients, 5-HT(1B)-receptor availability in the right orbitofrontal cortex was lower than in control subjects. A statistically significant negative correlation between 5-HT(1B)-receptor availability and age was obtained for the right temporal cortex in control subjects and for the right midbrain and left parahippocampal gyrus in PD patients. The lower regional 5-HT(1B)-receptor availability is in line with previous studies showing a decrease of serotonin imaging markers in PD and corroborates a role of the serotonin system in the pathophysiology of PD. The demonstrated age effect on 5-HT(1B) receptors suggest a physiologic and PD-related decline of serotonin function, indicating the importance of controlling for age in clinical studies.
Neurobiology of aging.Neurobiol Aging.2014 Apr;35(4):867-75. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.08.025. Epub 2013 Oct 12.
Impairment of the central serotonin system in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been shown postmortem and in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET). The aim of this PET study was to examine and compare the availability of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(1B)-receptor subtype in patients with PD and a
PMID 24126162

Differentiating between self and others: an ALE meta-analysis of fMRI studies of self-recognition and theory of mind.

van Veluw SJ1, Chance SA.Author information 1Department of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK, susannevanveluw@gmail.com.AbstractThe perception of self and others is a key aspect of social cognition. In order to investigate the neurobiological basis of this distinction we reviewed two classes of task that study self-awareness and awareness of others (theory of mind, ToM). A reliable task to measure self-awareness is the recognition of one's own face in contrast to the recognition of others' faces. False-belief tasks are widely used to identify neural correlates of ToM as a measure of awareness of others. We performed an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis, using the fMRI literature on self-face recognition and false-belief tasks. The brain areas involved in performing false-belief tasks were the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), bilateral temporo-parietal junction, precuneus, and the bilateral middle temporal gyrus. Distinct self-face recognition regions were the right superior temporal gyrus, the right parahippocampal gyrus, the right inferior frontal gyrus/anterior cingulate cortex, and the left inferior parietal lobe. Overlapping brain areas were the superior temporal gyrus, and the more ventral parts of the MPFC. We confirmed that self-recognition in contrast to recognition of others' faces, and awareness of others involves a network that consists of separate, distinct neural pathways, but also includes overlapping regions of higher order prefrontal cortex where these processes may be combined. Insights derived from the neurobiology of disorders such as autism and schizophrenia are consistent with this notion.
Brain imaging and behavior.Brain Imaging Behav.2014 Mar;8(1):24-38. doi: 10.1007/s11682-013-9266-8.
The perception of self and others is a key aspect of social cognition. In order to investigate the neurobiological basis of this distinction we reviewed two classes of task that study self-awareness and awareness of others (theory of mind, ToM). A reliable task to measure self-awareness is the recog
PMID 24535033