glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

グリシンヒドロキシメチルトランスフェラーゼ

関

serine hydroxymethyltransferase

WordNet

1. the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane
2. genus of Asiatic erect or sprawling herbs: soya bean (同)genus Glycine

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/09 18:50:40」(JST)

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glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
Identifiers
EC number	2.1.2.1
CAS number	9029-83-8
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

In enzymology, a glycine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + glycine + H₂O tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, glycine, and H₂O, whereas its two products are tetrahydrofolate and L-serine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases that transfer one-carbon groups, specifically the hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase. Other names in common use include serine aldolase, threonine aldolase, serine hydroxymethylase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, allothreonine aldolase, L-serine hydroxymethyltransferase, L-threonine aldolase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and serine transhydroxymethylase. This enzyme participates in 5 metabolic pathways: glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, lysine degradation, cyanoamino acid metabolism, one carbon pool by folate, and methane metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 18 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1BJ4, 1DFO, 1EJI, 1EQB, 1KKJ, 1KKP, 1KL1, 1KL2, 1LS3, 1RV3, 1RV4, 1RVU, 1RVY, 1YJS, 1YJY, 1YJZ, 2A7V, and 2DKJ.

References

• Akhtar M, el-Obeid HA (1972). "Inactivation of serine transhydroxymethylase and threonine aldolase activities". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 258 (3): 791–9. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(72)90180-5. PMID 5017703. 
• Blakley RL (1960). "A spectrophotometric study of the reaction catalysed by serine transhydroxymethylase". Biochem. J. 77 (3): 459–65. PMC 1205057. PMID 16748851. 
• Fujioka M (1969). "Purification and properties of serine hydroxymethylase from soluble and mitochondrial fractions of rabbit liver". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 185 (2): 338–49. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(69)90427-6. PMID 5808700. 
• Kumagai H, Nagate T, Yoshida H, Yamada H (1972). "Threonine aldolase from Candida humicola. II. Purification, crystallization and properties". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 258 (3): 779–90. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(72)90179-9. PMID 5017702. 
• Schirch L, Gross T (1968). "Serine transhydroxymethylase. Identification as the threonine and allothreonine aldolases". J. Biol. Chem. 243 (21): 5651–5. PMID 5699057. 

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• SHMT2 drives glioma cell survival in ischaemia but imposes a dependence on glycine clearance.

• Kim D1, Fiske BP2, Birsoy K1, Freinkman E1, Kami K3, Possemato RL1, Chudnovsky Y1, Pacold ME4, Chen WW1, Cantor JR1, Shelton LM5, Gui DY2, Kwon M6, Ramkissoon SH7, Ligon KL7, Kang SW1, Snuderl M8, Vander Heiden MG9, Sabatini DM1.
• Nature.Nature.2015 Apr 16;520(7547):363-7. doi: 10.1038/nature14363. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
• Cancer cells adapt their metabolic processes to support rapid proliferation, but less is known about how cancer cells alter metabolism to promote cell survival in a poorly vascularized tumour microenvironment. Here we identify a key role for serine and glycine metabolism in the survival of brain can
• PMID 25855294

• How pyridoxal 5'-phosphate differentially regulates human cytosolic and mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase oligomeric state.

• Giardina G1, Brunotti P, Fiascarelli A, Cicalini A, Costa MG, Buckle AM, di Salvo ML, Giorgi A, Marani M, Paone A, Rinaldo S, Paiardini A, Contestabile R, Cutruzzolà F.
• The FEBS journal.FEBS J.2015 Apr;282(7):1225-41. doi: 10.1111/febs.13211. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
• Adaptive metabolic reprogramming gives cancer cells a proliferative advantage. Tumour cells extensively use glycolysis to sustain anabolism and produce serine, which not only refuels the one-carbon units necessary for the synthesis of nucleotide precursors and for DNA methylation, but also affects t
• PMID 25619277

• Kinetic Mechanism and the Rate-limiting Step of Plasmodium vivax Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase.

• Maenpuen S1, Amornwatcharapong W2, Krasatong P3, Sucharitakul J4, Palfey BA5, Yuthavong Y6, Chitnumsub P6, Leartsakulpanich U7, Chaiyen P8.
• The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2015 Mar 27;290(13):8656-65. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.612275. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
• Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes a hydroxymethyl group transfer from l-serine to tetrahydrofolate (H4folate) to yield glycine and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2-H4folate). SHMT is crucial for deoxythymidylate biosynthesis a
• PMID 25678710

Japanese Journal

• Investigating the Regulation of One-carbon Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana

• LI Rong,MOORE Maya,KING John
• Plant and cell physiology 44(3), 233-241, 2003-03-01
• NAID 80015847694

• ラットのトレオニン分解酵素活性とトレオニン関連の遊離アミノ酸濃度に対する飼料中のトレオニン含量の影響

• 渡邊 令子,藤村 忍,門脇 基二,石橋 晃
• 日本畜産學會報 = The Japanese journal of zootechnical science 69(2), 108-116, 1998-02-25
• … In order to compare the responses of plasma amino acid (AA) concentrations of glycine (Gly) and serine (Ser) to the dietary excess threonine (Thr) in rats and chickens, adult male Wistar/ST rats weighing 304.5±5.2g were fed diets with five graded levels of Thr from 0.32 to 0.67%. … However, all enzyme activities except Ser-hydroxymethyltransferase in the liver were not affected by dietary Thr levels. …
• NAID 10021726789

Related Links

• Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase - RightDiagnosis.com

Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase information including symptoms, causes, diseases, symptoms, treatments, and other medical and health issues. ... Introduction: Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase Description of Glycine ...

• GO:0004372 glycine hydroxymethyltransferase activity

The European Bioinformatics Institute ... Synonyms are alternative words or phrases closely related in meaning to the term name, with indication of the relationship between the name and synonym given by the synonym scope.

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リンク元	「グリシンヒドロキシメチルトランスフェラーゼ」
関連記事	「hydroxymethyltransferase」

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glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

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セリンヒドロキシメチルトランスフェラーゼ

「hydroxymethyltransferase」

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• ヒドロキシメチル基転移酵素、ヒドロキシメチル転移酵素、ヒドロキシメチルトランスフェラーゼ、水酸化メチル基転移酵素