出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/12 02:44:55」(JST)
| Erector spinæ | |
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The erector spinae muscle group
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| Details | |
| Latin | Musculus erector spinae |
| Origin | Spinous processes of T9-T12 thoracic vertebræ, medial slope of the dorsal segment of illiac crest |
| Insertion | spinous processes of T1 and T2 thoracic vertebrae and the cervical vertebrae |
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Artery
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lateral sacral artery |
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Nerve
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posterior branch of spinal nerve |
| Actions | extends the vertebral column |
| Antagonist | rectus abdominis muscle |
| Identifiers | |
| Gray's | p.397 |
| Dorlands /Elsevier |
m_22/12550616 |
| TA | A04.3.02.002 |
| FMA | 71302 |
| Anatomical terms of muscle | |
The erector spinæ (/ˌɨˈrɛktər ˈspiːniː/ ə-REK-tər SPEE-nee)[1] is a muscle group of the back in humans and other animals, which extends the vertebral column (bending the spine such that the head moves posteriorly while the chest protrudes anteriorly). It is also known as sacrospinalis in older texts. A more modern term is extensor spinae,[2] though this is not in widespread use.
The erector spinæ is not just one muscle, but a bundle of muscles and tendons. It is paired and runs more or less vertically. It extends throughout the lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions, and lies in the groove to the side of the vertebral column. Erector spinæ is covered in the lumbar and thoracic regions by the thoracolumbar fascia, and in the cervical region by the nuchal ligament.
This large muscular and tendinous mass varies in size and structure at different parts of the vertebral column. In the sacral region, it is narrow and pointed, and at its origin chiefly tendinous in structure. In the lumbar region, it is larger, and forms a thick fleshy mass. Further up, it is subdivided into three columns. These gradually diminish in size as they ascend to be inserted into the vertebræ and ribs.
The erector spinæ arises from the anterior surface of a broad and thick tendon. It is attached to the medial crest of the sacrum, to the spinous processes of the lumbar and the eleventh and twelfth thoracic vertebræ and the supraspinous ligament, to the back part of the inner lip of the iliac crests, and to the lateral crests of the sacrum, where it blends with the sacrotuberous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments.
Some of its fibers are continuous with the fibers of origin of the gluteus maximus.
The muscular fibers form a large fleshy mass that splits, in the upper lumbar region, into three columns, viz., a lateral (Iliocostalis), an intermediate (Longissimus), and a medial (Spinalis). Each of these consists of three parts, inferior to superior, as follows:
The iliocostalis originates from the sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis and iliac crest. The iliocostalis has three different insertions according to the parts:
The longissimus muscle is the intermediate and the largest of the three columns, it has three parts with different origin and insertion:
The spinalis muscle is the most medial and the smallest column. It has three parts:
| Insertion | Lateral Column Iliocostalis |
Intermediate Column Longissimus |
Medial Column Spinalis |
| Lower thoracic vertebrae and ribs | I. lumborum | ||
| Upper thoracic vertebrae and ribs | I. thoracis | L. thoracis | S. thoracis |
| Cervical vertebrae | I. cervicis | L. cervicis | S. cervicis |
| Skull | L. capitis | S. capitis |
From lateral to medial, the erector spinæ muscles can be remembered using the mnemonic, I Love Spinach. I lliocostalis, Love Longissimus and Spiniach Spinalis.[3]
| This section requires expansion. (April 2014) |
The erector spinae functions to straighten the back and provides for side-to-side rotation.
| This section requires expansion. (April 2014) |
Examples of exercises by which the erector spinae can be strengthened for therapeutic or athletic purposes include, but are not limited to:
Right hip bone. Internal surface.
Diagram of a transverse section of the posterior abdominal wall, to show the disposition of the lumbodorsal fascia.
The posterior divisions of the sacral nerves.
Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney.
Surface anatomy of the back.
Lumbar triangle
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
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| リンク元 | 「脊柱起立筋」 |
| 関連記事 | 「erect」「spin」「muscle」 |