SCOPE: The colonic metabolism of dietary flavonoids, phenolic acids and their phenolic metabolites is complex and many metabolites and conjugates have not yet been unambiguously identified in humans.METHODS AND RESULTS: Urine samples from nine healthy human volunteers obtained after the ingestion of
Facilitation by intracellular carbonic anhydrase of Na+ -HCO3- co-transport but not Na+ / H+ exchange activity in the mammalian ventricular myocyte.
Villafuerte FC1, Swietach P, Youm JB, Ford K, Cardenas R, Supuran CT, Cobden PM, Rohling M, Vaughan-Jones RD.
The Journal of physiology.J Physiol.2014 Mar 1;592(Pt 5):991-1007. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.265439. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
Carbonic anhydrase enzymes (CAs) catalyse the reversible hydration of CO2 to H+ and HCO3- ions. This catalysis is proposed to be harnessed by acid/base transporters, to facilitate their transmembrane flux activity, either through direct protein-protein binding (a 'transport metabolon') or local func
Receptor tyrosine kinases, including the epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), are able to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) via several adaptor proteins and protein kinases such as Raf. EGFR can be activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli including neutrophil elastase
… Enzymically prepared 3 (6.8mg) was structurally determined with NMR, MS, UV, etc. … 3 was very minor among all the anthocyanins and it could be detectable and identified from the extract of blue petals only using LC/MS. The existence and role of 3 as an intermediate was firstly disclosed by preparing 3 enzymically. …
… In addition, when enzymically active cell wall preparations obtained from 1×g control epicotyls were autolyzed in buffer at pH 5.8 and 6.6 and then xyloglucans were extracted from the autolyzed cell walls, the molecular mass of xyloglucans incubated at pH 5.8 decreased during the autolysis, while that at pH 6.6 did not change. …
This strategy has also been exploited in designing and synthesizing compounds that can act as drugs by inhibiting medicinally important enzymes, such as cysteine proteases and be ta-lactamase, and as prodrugs that can be enzymically ...