WordNet

a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse (同)wasting, wasting away
undergo atrophy; "Muscles that are not used will atrophy"
any weakening or degeneration (especially through lack of use) (同)withering
no longer in use; "obsolete words" (同)obsolete

PrepTutorEJDIC

(栄養不良などによる)萎縮(いしゅく) / (一般的に)衰退,退化 / 萎縮する,衰退する / …'を'萎縮させる,衰退させる
使われなくなった,すたれた
使用しないこと,廃棄

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1. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness
2. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
3. 脊髄性筋萎縮症 spinal muscular atrophy
4. 関節リウマチの神経学的症状 neurologic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis
5. 成人におけるてんかんの外科的治療 surgical treatment of epilepsy in adults

English Journal

Muscle disuse atrophy is not accompanied by changes in skeletal muscle satellite cell content.

Snijders T1, Wall BT1, Dirks ML1, Senden JM1, Hartgens F2, Dolmans J3, Losen M4, Verdijk LB1, van Loon LJ1.Author information 1*Department of Human Movement Sciences, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.2†Departments of Epidemiology and Surgery, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.3‡Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.4§Department of Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.AbstractMuscle disuse leads to a considerable loss in skeletal muscle mass and strength. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying disuse-induced muscle fibre atrophy remain to be elucidated. Therefore we assessed the effect of muscle disuse on the CSA (cross-sectional area), muscle fibre size, satellite cell content and associated myocellular signalling pathways of the quadriceps muscle. A total of 12 healthy young (24±1 years of age) men were subjected to 2 weeks of one-legged knee immobilization via a full-leg cast. Before and immediately after the immobilization period and after 6 weeks of natural rehabilitation, muscle strength [1RM (one-repetition maximum)], muscle CSA [single slice CT (computed tomography) scan] and muscle fibre type characteristics (muscle biopsies) were assessed. Protein and/or mRNA expression of key genes [i.e. MYOD (myogenic differentiation), MYOG (myogenin) and MSTN (myostatin)] in the satellite cell regulatory pathways were determined using Western blotting and RT-PCR (real-time PCR) analyses respectively. The present study found that quadriceps CSA declined following immobilization by 8±2% (P<0.05). In agreement, both type I and type II muscle fibre size decreased 7±3% and 13±4% respectively (P<0.05). No changes were observed in satellite cell content following immobilization in either type I or type II muscle fibres. Muscle MYOG mRNA expression doubled (P<0.05), whereas MSTN protein expression decreased 30±9% (P<0.05) following immobilization. Muscle mass and strength returned to the baseline values within 6 weeks of recovery without any specific rehabilitative programme. In conclusion, 2 weeks of muscle disuse leads to considerable loss in skeletal muscle mass and strength. The loss in muscle mass was attributed to both type I and type II muscle fibre atrophy, and was not accompanied by a decline in satellite cell content.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2014 Apr;126(8):557-66. doi: 10.1042/CS20130295.
Muscle disuse leads to a considerable loss in skeletal muscle mass and strength. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying disuse-induced muscle fibre atrophy remain to be elucidated. Therefore we assessed the effect of muscle disuse on the CSA (cross-sectional area), muscle fibre size, satellite
PMID 24215591

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation prevents muscle disuse atrophy during leg immobilization in humans.

Dirks ML1, Wall BT, Snijders T, Ottenbros CL, Verdijk LB, van Loon LJ.Author information 1NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.AbstractAIM: Short periods of muscle disuse, due to illness or injury, result in substantial skeletal muscle atrophy. Recently, we have shown that a single session of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) increases muscle protein synthesis rates. The aim was to investigate the capacity for daily NMES to attenuate muscle atrophy during short-term muscle disuse.
Acta physiologica (Oxford, England).Acta Physiol (Oxf).2014 Mar;210(3):628-41. doi: 10.1111/apha.12200. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
AIM: Short periods of muscle disuse, due to illness or injury, result in substantial skeletal muscle atrophy. Recently, we have shown that a single session of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) increases muscle protein synthesis rates. The aim was to investigate the capacity for daily NMES
PMID 24251881

Substantial skeletal muscle loss occurs during only 5 days of disuse.

Wall BT1, Dirks ML, Snijders T, Senden JM, Dolmans J, van Loon LJ.Author information 1Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.AbstractAIM: The impact of disuse on the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength has been well documented. Given that most studies have investigated muscle atrophy after more than 2 weeks of disuse, few data are available on the impact of shorter periods of disuse. We assessed the impact of 5 and 14 days of disuse on skeletal muscle mass, strength and associated intramuscular molecular signalling responses.
Acta physiologica (Oxford, England).Acta Physiol (Oxf).2014 Mar;210(3):600-11. doi: 10.1111/apha.12190. Epub 2013 Dec 5.
AIM: The impact of disuse on the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength has been well documented. Given that most studies have investigated muscle atrophy after more than 2 weeks of disuse, few data are available on the impact of shorter periods of disuse. We assessed the impact of 5 and 14 day
PMID 24168489

Japanese Journal

Effect of Molecular Hydrogen Saturated Alkaline Electrolyzed Water on Disuse Muscle Atrophy in Gastrocnemius Muscle

FUJITA Ryo,TANAKA Yoshinori,SAIHARA Yasuhiro,YAMAKITA Mitsuya,ANDO Daisuke,KOYAMA Katsuhiro
Journal of physiological anthropology 30(5), 195-201, 2011-09-30
… The objectives of this paper were to determine the level of oxidative stress in atrophied gastrocnemius, and to verify the effect of molecular hydrogen (H2) saturated alkaline electrolyzed water (HSW) on gastrocnemius atrophy by modifying the redox status, indicated by 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. …
NAID 10029479873