ジピベフリン
- 関
- dipivefrin、dipivefrin hydrochloride
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/04/03 11:27:00」(JST)
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Dipivefrine
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Systematic (IUPAC) name |
[2-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxy)-4- (1-hydroxy-2-methylamino-ethyl)- phenyl] 2,2-dimethylpropanoate |
Clinical data |
AHFS/Drugs.com |
International Drug Names |
MedlinePlus |
a686005 |
Pregnancy cat. |
B (US) |
Legal status |
? |
Identifiers |
CAS number |
52365-63-6 Y |
ATC code |
S01EA02 |
PubChem |
CID 3105 |
DrugBank |
DB00449 |
ChemSpider |
2994 Y |
UNII |
8Q1PVL543G Y |
KEGG |
D02349 Y |
ChEBI |
CHEBI:4646 Y |
ChEMBL |
CHEMBL1201262 N |
Chemical data |
Formula |
C19H29NO5 |
Mol. mass |
351.437 g/mol |
SMILES
- O=C(Oc1cc(ccc1OC(=O)C(C)(C)C)C(O)CNC)C(C)(C)C
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InChI
-
InChI=1S/C19H29NO5/c1-18(2,3)16(22)24-14-9-8-12(13(21)11-20-7)10-15(14)25-17(23)19(4,5)6/h8-10,13,20-21H,11H2,1-7H3 Y
Key:OCUJLLGVOUDECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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N (what is this?) (verify)
|
Dipivefrine is a prodrug of epinephrine used to treat glaucoma. It is available as ophthalmic solution. It causes vasoconstriction, decreased aqueous humor production, and decreases intraoccular pressure. It is converted to epinephrine upon penetration of the cornea.
References
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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2010) |
Ophthalmologicals: antiglaucoma preparations and miotics (S01E)
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Sympathomimetics |
- Apraclonidine
- Brimonidine (+timolol)
- Clonidine
- Dipivefrine
- Epinephrine
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Parasympathomimetics |
muscarinic
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muscarinic/nicotinic
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
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- Demecarium
- Ecothiopate
- Stigmine (Fluostigmine
- Neostigmine
- Physostigmine)
- Paraoxon
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors/
(sulfonamides) |
- Acetazolamide
- Brinzolamide (+timolol)
- Diclofenamide
- Dorzolamide (+timolol)
- Methazolamide
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Beta blocking agents |
- Befunolol
- Betaxolol
- Carteolol
- Levobunolol
- Metipranolol
- Timolol
- Mepindolol
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Prostaglandin analogues (F2α) |
- Bimatoprost (+timolol)
- Latanoprost (+timolol)
- Tafluprost
- Travoprost (+timolol)
- Unoprostone
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Other agents |
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anat (g/a/p)/phys/devp/prot
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proc, drug (S1A/1E/1F/1L)
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Adrenergics
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Receptor ligands
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α1
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- Agonists: 5-FNE
- 6-FNE
- Amidephrine
- Anisodamine
- Anisodine
- Cirazoline
- Dipivefrine
- Dopamine
- Ephedrine
- Epinephrine
- Etilefrine
- Ethylnorepinephrine
- Indanidine
- Levonordefrin
- Metaraminol
- Methoxamine
- Methyldopa
- Midodrine
- Naphazoline
- Norepinephrine
- Octopamine
- Oxymetazoline
- Phenylephrine
- Phenylpropanolamine
- Pseudoephedrine
- Synephrine
- Tetrahydrozoline
Antagonists: Abanoquil
- Adimolol
- Ajmalicine
- Alfuzosin
- Amosulalol
- Arotinolol
- Atiprosin
- Benoxathian
- Buflomedil
- Bunazosin
- Carvedilol
- CI-926
- Corynanthine
- Dapiprazole
- DL-017
- Domesticine
- Doxazosin
- Eugenodilol
- Fenspiride
- GYKI-12,743
- GYKI-16,084
- Indoramin
- Ketanserin
- L-765,314
- Labetalol
- Mephendioxan
- Metazosin
- Monatepil
- Moxisylyte
- Naftopidil
- Nantenine
- Neldazosin
- Nicergoline
- Niguldipine
- Pelanserin
- Phendioxan
- Phenoxybenzamine
- Phentolamine
- Piperoxan
- Prazosin
- Quinazosin
- Ritanserin
- RS-97,078
- SGB-1,534
- Silodosin
- SL-89.0591
- Spiperone
- Talipexole
- Tamsulosin
- Terazosin
- Tibalosin
- Tiodazosin
- Tipentosin
- Tolazoline
- Trimazosin
- Upidosin
- Urapidil
- Zolertine
- Note that many TCAs, TeCAs, antipsychotics, ergolines, and some piperazines like buspirone and trazodone all antagonize α1-adrenergic receptors as well, which contributes to their side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.
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α2
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- Agonists: (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline
- 4-NEMD
- 6-FNE
- Amitraz
- Apraclonidine
- Brimonidine
- Cannabivarin
- Clonidine
- Detomidine
- Dexmedetomidine
- Dihydroergotamine
- Dipivefrine
- Dopamine
- Ephedrine
- Ergotamine
- Epinephrine
- Esproquin
- Etilefrine
- Ethylnorepinephrine
- Guanabenz
- Guanfacine
- Guanoxabenz
- Levonordefrin
- Lofexidine
- Medetomidine
- Methyldopa
- Mivazerol
- Naphazoline
- Norepinephrine
- Oxymetazoline
- Phenylpropanolamine
- Piperoxan
- Pseudoephedrine
- Rilmenidine
- Romifidine
- Talipexole
- Tetrahydrozoline
- Tizanidine
- Tolonidine
- Urapidil
- Xylazine
- Xylometazoline
Antagonists: 1-PP
- Adimolol
- Aptazapine
- Atipamezole
- BRL-44408
- Buflomedil
- Cirazoline
- Efaroxan
- Esmirtazapine
- Fenmetozole
- Fluparoxan
- GYKI-12,743
- GYKI-16,084
- Idazoxan
- Mianserin
- Mirtazapine
- MK-912
- NAN-190
- Olanzapine
- Phentolamine
- Phenoxybenzamine
- Piperoxan
- Piribedil
- Rauwolscine
- Rotigotine
- SB-269,970
- Setiptiline
- Spiroxatrine
- Sunepitron
- Tolazoline
- Yohimbine
* Note that many atypical antipsychotics and azapirones like buspirone (via metabolite 1-PP) antagonize α2-adrenergic receptors as well.
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β
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Reuptake inhibitors
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NET
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- Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Amedalin
- Atomoxetine (Tomoxetine)
- Ciclazindol
- Daledalin
- Edivoxetine
- Esreboxetine
- Lortalamine
- Mazindol
- Nisoxetine
- Reboxetine
- Talopram
- Talsupram
- Tandamine
- Viloxazine; Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Amineptine
- Bupropion (Amfebutamone)
- Fencamine
- Fencamfamine
- Lefetamine
- Levophacetoperane
- LR-5182
- Manifaxine
- Methylphenidate
- Nomifensine
- O-2172
- Radafaxine; Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Bicifadine
- Desvenlafaxine
- Duloxetine
- Eclanamine
- Levomilnacipran
- Milnacipran
- Sibutramine
- Venlafaxine; Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Brasofensine
- Diclofensine
- DOV-102,677
- DOV-21,947
- DOV-216,303
- JNJ-7925476
- JZ-IV-10
- Methylnaphthidate
- Naphyrone
- NS-2359
- PRC200-SS
- SEP-225,289
- SEP-227,162
- Tesofensine; Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline
- Butriptyline
- Cianopramine
- Clomipramine
- Desipramine
- Dosulepin
- Doxepin
- Imipramine
- Lofepramine
- melitracen
- Nortriptyline
- Protriptyline
- Trimipramine; Tetracyclic antidepressants: Amoxapine
- Maprotiline
- Mianserin
- Oxaprotiline
- Setiptiline; Others: Cocaine
- CP-39,332
- Ethanol
- EXP-561
- Fezolamine
- Ginkgo biloba
- Indeloxazine
- Nefazodone
- Nefopam
- Pridefrine
- Tapentadol
- Tedatioxetine
- Teniloxazine
- Tofenacin
- Tramadol
- Ziprasidone
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VMAT
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- Ibogaine
- Reserpine
- Tetrabenazine
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Enzyme inhibitors
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Anabolism
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PAH
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TH
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- 3-Iodotyrosine
- Aquayamycin
- Bulbocapnine
- Metirosine
- Oudenone
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AAAD
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- Benserazide
- Carbidopa
- DFMD
- Genistein
- Methyldopa
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DBH
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- Bupicomide
- Disulfiram
- Dopastin
- Fusaric acid
- Nepicastat
- Phenopicolinic acid
- Tropolone
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PNMT
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- CGS-19281A
- SKF-64139
- SKF-7698
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Catabolism
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MAO
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- Nonselective: Benmoxin
- Caroxazone
- Echinopsidine
- Furazolidone
- Hydralazine
- Indantadol
- Iproclozide
- Iproniazid
- Isocarboxazid
- Isoniazid
- Linezolid
- Mebanazine
- Metfendrazine
- Nialamide
- Octamoxin
- Paraxazone
- Phenelzine
- Pheniprazine
- Phenoxypropazine
- Pivalylbenzhydrazine
- Procarbazine
- Safrazine
- Tranylcypromine; MAO-A selective: Amiflamine
- Bazinaprine
- Befloxatone
- Befol
- Brofaromine
- Cimoxatone
- Clorgiline
- Esuprone
- Harmala alkaloids (Harmine,
- Harmaline
- Tetrahydroharmine
- Harman
- Norharman, etc)
- Methylene blue
- Metralindole
- Minaprine
- Moclobemide
- Pirlindole
- Sercloremine
- Tetrindole
- Toloxatone
- Tyrima; MAO-B selective:
- Ladostigil
- Lazabemide
- Milacemide
- Mofegiline
- Pargyline
- Rasagiline
- Safinamide
- Selegiline (also D-Deprenyl)
* Note that MAO-B inhibitors also influence norepinephrine/epinephrine levels since they inhibit the breakdown of their precursor dopamine.
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COMT
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- Entacapone
- Nitecapone
- Tolcapone
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Others
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Precursors
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- L-Phenylalanine → L-Tyrosine → L-DOPA (Levodopa) → Dopamine
- L-DOPS (Droxidopa)
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Cofactors
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- Ferrous Iron (Fe2+)
- S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine
- Vitamin B3 (Niacin
- Nicotinamide → NADPH)
- Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine
- Pyridoxamine
- Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal Phosphate)
- Vitamin B9 (Folic acid → Tetrahydrofolic acid)
- Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
- Zinc (Zn2+)
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Others
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- Activity enhancers: BPAP
- PPAP; Release blockers: Bethanidine
- Bretylium
- Guanadrel
- Guanazodine
- Guanclofine
- Guanethidine
- Guanoxan; Toxins: 6-OHDA
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List of adrenergic drugs
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UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Comparison of chiral electrophoretic separation methods for phenethylamines and application on impurity analysis.
- Borst C1, Holzgrabe U.
- Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.J Pharm Biomed Anal.2010 Dec 15;53(5):1201-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.06.025. Epub 2010 Jun 30.
- A chiral microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography method has been developed for the separation of the enantiomers of the phenethylamines ephedrine, N-methylephedrine, norephedrine, pseudoephedrine, adrenaline (epinephrine), 2-amino-1-phenylethanol, diethylnorephedrine, and 2-(dibutylamino)-1-phen
- PMID 20638811
- Pupillary autonomic dysfunction in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease: an assessment by eye-drop tests.
- Yamashita F1, Hirayama M, Nakamura T, Takamori M, Hori N, Uchida K, Hama T, Sobue G.
- Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society.Clin Auton Res.2010 Jun;20(3):191-7. doi: 10.1007/s10286-009-0051-0. Epub 2010 Feb 3.
- PURPOSE: To compare pupillary autonomic dysfunction in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD).METHODS: We administered eye-drop tests to 40 MSA patients, 40 PD patients with similar disease duration, and 20 age-matched healthy controls. Pupillary supersensitivity to a parasympath
- PMID 20127386
- Pupillary supersensitivity and visual disturbance in Parkinson's disease.
- Hori N1, Takamori M, Hirayama M, Watanabe H, Nakamura T, Yamashita F, Ito H, Mabuchi N, Sobue G.
- Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society.Clin Auton Res.2008 Feb;18(1):20-7. doi: 10.1007/s10286-008-0453-4. Epub 2008 Feb 11.
- This study evaluated pupillary postganglionic autonomic dysfunction and its relationship to visual disturbance in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Pupillary sensitivity was examined in relation to a parasympathomimetic agent [0.05% pilocarpine hydrochloride (PL)] and to a sympathomimetic agent [
- PMID 18265941
Japanese Journal
- 塩酸ドルゾラミド (トルソプト点眼液) 点眼用炭酸脱水酵素阻害薬の薬理作用と臨床効果
- 小林 正彦,内藤 恭三
- 日本薬理学雑誌 115(6), 323-328, 2000-06-01
- … Dorzolamide was as effective as pilocarpine or dipivefrine as an adjunctive therapy in patients receiving β-adrenergic antagonists. …
- NAID 10005706182
- 塩酸ジプベフリンの眼循環に対する影響 第1報 : 正常人での網膜中心動脈血流速度の検討
- 田中 佳秋,溝上 國義
- 日本眼科紀要 = Folia ophthalmologica Japonica 47(6), 752-755, 1996-06-28
- NAID 10009723488
Related Links
- Dipivefrine is a prodrug of epinephrine used to treat glaucoma. It is available as ophthalmic solution. It causes vasoconstriction, decreased aqueous humor production, and decreases intraoccular pressure. It is converted to epinephrine upon ...
- 13 Jan 1999 ... Dipivefrine Drug Information from Drugs.com. Includes Dipivefrine side effects, interactions and indications.
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- dipivefrin、dipivefrine
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ジピベフリン
- 関
- dipivefrin hydrochloride、dipivefrine