Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/26 21:15:29」(JST)

wiki en

Dacarbazine (da-KAR-ba-zeen) (brand names DTIC, DTIC-Dome; also known as DIC or Imidazole Carboxamide) is an antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various cancers, among them malignant melanoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, sarcoma, and islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

Dacarbazine is a member of the class of alkylating agents, which destroy cancer cells by adding an alkyl group (C_nH_2n+1) to its DNA.

Dacarbazine is normally administered by intravenous infusion (IV) under the immediate supervision of a doctor or nurse. Dacarbazine is bioactivated in liver by demethylation to "MTIC" and then to diazomethane, which is an "alkylating agent".

History

See also: History of cancer chemotherapy

Dacarbazine was developed by Y. Fulmer Shealy, Phd at Southern Research Institute in Birmingham, Alabama. Research was funded by U.S. federal grant money. Dacarbazine gained FDA approval in May 1975 as DTIC-Dome. The drug was initially marketed by Bayer.

Side effects

Like many chemotherapy drugs, dacarbazine may have numerous serious side effects, because it interferes with normal cell growth as well as cancer cell growth. Among the most serious possible side effects are birth defects to children conceived or carried during treatment; sterility, possibly permanent; or immune suppression (reduced ability to fight infection or disease). Dacarbazine is considered to be highly emetogenic, and most patients will be pre-medicated with antiemetic drugs like palonosetron or aprepitant. Other significant side effects include headache, fatigue and occasionally diarrhea.

The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has sent out a Black Box Warning and suggests avoiding Dacarbazine due to liver problems.^[1]

Common uses

As of mid-2006, dacarbazine is commonly used as a single agent in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, and as part of the ABVD chemotherapy regimen to treat Hodgkin lymphoma, and in the MAID regimen for sarcoma.

Experimental

Dacarbazine + Oblimersen. In clinical trials for malignant melanoma.

Suppliers

Bayer continues to supply DTIC-Dome. There are also generic versions of dacarbazine available from APP, Bedford, Mayne Pharma and Sicor (Teva).

Notes

^ http://www.fass.se/LIF/produktfakta/audit_page.jsp?_sourcePage=%2Fproduktfakta%2Fartikel_produkt.jsp&docType=7&nplId=19971212000080

References

MedLine, U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine,[1]
Cancerweb,[2]
OncoLink,[3]
Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare,[4]

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 傍神経節腫および褐色細胞腫：悪性疾患のマネージメント paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma management of malignant disease
2. リンパ腫の治療プロトコル treatment protocols for lymphoma
3. 転移性黒色腫（メラノーマ）の細胞傷害性化学療法 cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma
4. 転移性の胃腸膵管系神経内分泌腫瘍：腫瘍増殖およびホルモン過剰分泌による症状を管理するための全身治療の選択肢 metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors systemic therapy options to control tumor growth and symptoms of hormone hypersecretion
5. 成人の古典的ホジキンリンパ腫生存者に対するアプローチの概要 overview of the approach to the adult survivor of classical hodgkin lymphoma

English Journal

Phase 2 study of rituximab plus ABVD in patients with newly diagnosed classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

Younes A, Oki Y, McLaughlin P, Copeland AR, Goy A, Pro B, Feng L, Yuan Y, Chuang HH, Macapinlac HA, Hagemeister F, Romaguera J, Samaniego F, Fanale MA, Dabaja BS, Rodriguez MA, Dang N, Kwak LW, Neelapu SS, Fayad LE.SourceDepartments of Lymphoma and Myeloma.
Blood.Blood.2012 May 3;119(18):4123-8. Epub 2012 Feb 27.
In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of rituximab in combination with standard doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (RABVD) in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). In this phase 2 study, patients with chemotherapy-naive, advanced-stage cHL were treate
PMID 22371887

Phase 2 study of rituximab-ABVD in classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

Kasamon YL, Jacene HA, Gocke CD, Swinnen LJ, Gladstone DE, Perkins B, Link BK, Popplewell LL, Habermann TM, Herman JM, Matsui WH, Jones RJ, Ambinder RF.SourceSidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD;
Blood.Blood.2012 May 3;119(18):4129-32. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
In classical Hodgkin lymphoma, circulating clonotypic malignant cells express CD20, which potentially explains the observed activity of rituximab. This multicenter phase 2 study investigated the combination of rituximab-ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) for stage II-IV untreate
PMID 22343727

Japanese Journal

下肢悪性黒色腫の孤発膀胱転移の1例

池田篤史,宮川友明,黒部匡広,内田将央,小島崇宏,堤雅一,伊藤周作,杉田真太朗,西山博之
泌尿器科紀要 59(9), 579-582, 2013-09
… A 54-year-old woman underwent resection of malignant melanoma of the left leg and inguinal lymph node metastases and subsequent radiation therapy (60 Gy) following three courses of dacarbazine, nimustine, vincristine and interferon-beta chemotherapy in January 2010. …
NAID 120005333767

進行期ホジキンリンパ腫に対するABV療法の第Ⅱ相試験(JCOG9705)の意味するもの (特集血液腫瘍に対する重要な臨床試験と国内外の診療に及ぼすインパクト)

小椋美知則
血液内科 66(4), 413-418, 2013-04
NAID 40019688328

Weekly Paclitaxel療法を行った直腸肛門部悪性黒色腫の1例

藤原一郎,高垣敬一,西尾康平,埜村真也
日本大腸肛門病学会雑誌 66(5), 364-368, 2013
直腸肛門部悪性黒色腫は比較的まれで予後不良な疾患であるが有効な治療法は確立されていない．今回われわれは本疾患に対し腹会陰式直腸切断術を行い術後局所再発に対してweekly paclitaxel療法を行った1例を経験したので報告する．<BR>症例は54歳，男性．2008年7月に肛門痛と排便時の出血を主訴に来院した．肛門管にかかる直腸Rbに約7cm大の黒色の潰瘍底を伴う腫瘍を認めた．腹会陰 …
NAID 130003369859

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ダカルバジン」「DTIC」「DTIC-Dome」

「ダカルバジン」

Dacarbazine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazenyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Dtic-dome
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a682750
Pregnancy cat.	C
Legal status	℞ Prescription only
Routes	IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half-life	5 hours
Excretion	40% renal (unchanged)
Identifiers
CAS number	4342-03-4
ATC code	L01AX04
PubChem	CID 2942
DrugBank	DB00851
ChemSpider	10481959
UNII	7GR28W0FJI
KEGG	C06936
ChEBI	CHEBI:4305
ChEMBL	CHEMBL476
Chemical data
Formula	C6H10N6O
Mol. mass	182.18
	SMILES CN(C)/N=N/c1ncnc1C(N)=O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H10N6O/c1-12(2)11-10-6-4(5(7)13)8-3-9-6/h3H,1-2H3,(H2,7,13)(H,8,9)/b11-10+ ; Key:FDKXTQMXEQVLRF-ZHACJKMWSA-N ;
(what is this?) (verify);